Download or read book Novel Anticancer Drug Protocols written by John K. Buolamwini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are in an exciting era in the war against cancer, with real prospects for novel anticancer drugs that are cancer cell-specific without the toxicities that have been the hallmark of conventional cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy. Advances in cancer cell biology fueled by the molecular biology revolution have resulted in the uncovering of many novel potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. New anticancer drug discovery and development is now largely focused on exploiting these new molecular targets, which encompass oncogenes, tumor s- pressor genes, and their gene products, as well as targets involved in tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, survival, and longevity mechanisms. Exploitation of some of these targets has already yielded fruits and introduced new paradigms of molecularly targeted cancer therapy into the clinic, namely, protein kinase in- bition by antibodies or small molecules, exemplified by Herceptin® (trastuzumab), a humanized antibody targeted against the HER-2 growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer; and Gleevec, a small molecule bcr-abl kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myel- enous leukemia.
Download or read book Anticancer Drug Development Guide written by Beverly A. Teicher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-02-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume traces the critically important pathway by which a "molecule" becomes an "anticancer agent. " The recognition following World War I that the administration of toxic chemicals such as nitrogen mustards in a controlled manner could shrink malignant tumor masses for relatively substantial periods of time gave great impetus to the search for molecules that would be lethal to specific cancer cells. Weare still actively engaged in that search today. The question is how to discover these "anticancer" molecules. Anticancer Drug Development Guide: Preclinical Screening, Clinical Trials, and Approval, Second Edition describes the evolution to the present of preclinical screening methods. The National Cancer Institute's high-throughput, in vitro disease-specific screen with 60 or more human tumor cell lines is used to search for molecules with novel mechanisms of action or activity against specific phenotypes. The Human Tumor Colony-Forming Assay (HTCA) uses fresh tumor biopsies as sources of cells that more nearly resemble the human disease. There is no doubt that the greatest successes of traditional chemotherapy have been in the leukemias and lymphomas. Since the earliest widely used in vivo drug screening models were the murine L 1210 and P388 leukemias, the community came to assume that these murine tumor models were appropriate to the discovery of "antileukemia" agents, but that other tumor models would be needed to discover drugs active against solid tumors.
Download or read book Novel Anticancer Agents written by Alex A. Adjei and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Anticancer Agents offers pertinent basic science information on strategies used for the rational design and discovery of novel anticancer agents, and, in addition, translational studies involving clinical trial design and execution with these novel, mostly cytostatic agents. This book covers basic science strategies that are being used in drug discovery and preclinical evaluation focused on novel molecular targets, as well as clinical trial methodology including clinical pharmacokinetics and imaging to address issues of efficacy evaluation of the new, relatively non-cytotoxic anticancer agents. At present, there is no book that provides such an integration of basic and clinical studies of novel anticancer agents, covering both drug discovery and translational research extensively. - Addresses the critical issues involved in the development of novel agents for cancer therapy by experts in the field - Presents drug discovery strategies - Discusses regulatory issues surrounding drug development
Download or read book Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics written by Shivaani Kummar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Designs of Early Phase Trials for Cancer Therapeutics provides a comprehensive review by leaders in the field of the process of drug development, the integration of molecular profiling, the changes in early phase trial designs, and endpoints to optimally develop a new generation of cancer therapeutics. The book discusses topics such as statistical perspectives on cohort expansions, the role and application of molecular profiling and how to integrate biomarkers in early phase trials. Additionally, it discusses how to incorporate patient reported outcomes in phase one trials. This book is a valuable resource for medical oncologists, basic and translational biomedical scientists, and trainees in oncology and pharmacology who are interested in learning how to improve their research by using early phase trials.
Download or read book Transforming Clinical Research in the United States written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An ideal health care system relies on efficiently generating timely, accurate evidence to deliver on its promise of diminishing the divide between clinical practice and research. There are growing indications, however, that the current health care system and the clinical research that guides medical decisions in the United States falls far short of this vision. The process of generating medical evidence through clinical trials in the United States is expensive and lengthy, includes a number of regulatory hurdles, and is based on a limited infrastructure. The link between clinical research and medical progress is also frequently misunderstood or unsupported by both patients and providers. The focus of clinical research changes as diseases emerge and new treatments create cures for old conditions. As diseases evolve, the ultimate goal remains to speed new and improved medical treatments to patients throughout the world. To keep pace with rapidly changing health care demands, clinical research resources need to be organized and on hand to address the numerous health care questions that continually emerge. Improving the overall capacity of the clinical research enterprise will depend on ensuring that there is an adequate infrastructure in place to support the investigators who conduct research, the patients with real diseases who volunteer to participate in experimental research, and the institutions that organize and carry out the trials. To address these issues and better understand the current state of clinical research in the United States, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held a 2-day workshop entitled Transforming Clinical Research in the United States. The workshop, summarized in this volume, laid the foundation for a broader initiative of the Forum addressing different aspects of clinical research. Future Forum plans include further examining regulatory, administrative, and structural barriers to the effective conduct of clinical research; developing a vision for a stable, continuously funded clinical research infrastructure in the United States; and considering strategies and collaborative activities to facilitate more robust public engagement in the clinical research enterprise.
Download or read book Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery written by Asfar Azmi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery brings forward the most cutting-edge developments in tumor model systems for translational cancer research. The reader can find under this one volume virtually all types of existing and emerging tumor models in use by the research community. This book provides a deeper insight on how these newer models could de-risk modern drug discovery. Areas covered include up to date information on latest organoid derived models and newer genetic models. Additionally, the book discusses humanized animal tumor models for cancer immunotherapy and how they leverage personalized therapies. The chapter on larger animal, canine models and their use in and their use in pre-investigational new drug (pre-IND) development makes the volume unique. Unlike before, the incorporation of several simplified protocols, breeding methodologies, handling and assessment procedures to study drug intervention makes this book a must read. Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery is a valuable resource for basic and translational cancer researchers, drug discovery researchers, contract research organizations, and knowledge seekers at all levels in the biomedical field.
Download or read book Targeted Radionuclide Therapy written by Tod W. Speer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioimmunotherapy, also known as systemic targeted radiation therapy, uses antibodies, antibody fragments, or compounds as carriers to guide radiation to the targets. It is a topic rapidly increasing in importance and success in treatment of cancer patients. This book represents a comprehensive amalgamation of the radiation physics, chemistry, radiobiology, tumor models, and clinical data for targeted radionuclide therapy. It outlines the current challenges and provides a glimpse at future directions. With significant advances in cell biology and molecular engineering, many targeting constructs are now available that will safely deliver these highly cytotoxic radionuclides in a targeted fashion. A companion website includes the full text and an image bank.
Download or read book Herbal Medicine written by Iris F. F. Benzie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-03-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global popularity of herbal supplements and the promise they hold in treating various disease states has caused an unprecedented interest in understanding the molecular basis of the biological activity of traditional remedies. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects focuses on presenting current scientific evidence of biomolecular ef
Download or read book Anticancer Drugs written by Niamh M O’Boyle and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decades have seen major developments in the understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of cancer. Significant progress has been achieved regarding long-term survival for the patients of many cancers with the use of tamoxifen for treatment of breast cancer, treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia with imatinib, and the success of biological drugs. The transition from cytotoxic chemotherapy to targeted cancer drug discovery and development has resulted in an increasing selection of tools available to oncologists. In this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals, we highlight the opportunities and challenges in the discovery and design of innovative cancer therapies, novel small-molecule cancer drugs and antibody–drug conjugates, with articles covering a variety of anticancer therapies and potential relevant disease states and applications. Significant efforts are being made to develop and improve cancer treatments and to translate basic research findings into clinical use, resulting in improvements in survival rates and quality of life for cancer patients. We demonstrate the possibilities and scope for future research in these areas and also highlight the challenges faced by scientists in the area of anticancer drug development leading to improved targeted treatments and better survival rates for cancer patients.
Download or read book Drugs of Abuse written by John Q. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols is intended to provide insightful reviews of key current topics and, particularly, state-- the-art methods for examining drug actions in their various neuroanato- cal, neurochemical, neurophysiological, neuropharmacological, and molecular perspectives. The book should prove particularly useful to n- comers (graduate students and technicians) in this field, as well as to those established scientists (neuroscientists, biochemists, and molecular biologists) intending to pursue new careers or directions in the study of drugs. The book’s protocols cover a wide variety of coherent methods for gathering inf- mation on quantitative changes in proteins and mRNAs at both tissue and cel- lar levels. Inducible gene expression in striatal neurons has been a hot topic over the last decade. Alterations in gene expression for a wide range of proteins in the striatum have been investigated in response to drug administration. Altered expression of given mRNAs and their product proteins constitutes essential molecular steps in the development of neuroplasticity related to long-term addictive properties of drugs of abuse. With the multiple labeling methods that are also described in the book, gene expression can be detected in a chemically identified cell phenotype; the expression of multiple genes of interest can be detected in a single cell simultaneously. Hundreds or thousands of gene expr- sion products can today be detected in one experimental setup using the pow- ful systematic cDNA macroarray or microarray screening technology. Moreover, protocols useful in analyzing the functional roles of genes and proteins (e. g.
Download or read book Preclinical and Clinical Modulation of Anticancer Drugs written by Kenneth D. Tew and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-09-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preclinical and Clinical Modulation of Anticancer Drugs focuses on the theoretical and practical approaches to designing and enacting modulation principles. Each class of anticancer drug and the different types of modulators used within each drug class are discussed within individual chapters. The molecular and biochemical rationale for the use of specific modulators is discussed in detail, and preclinical and clinical implications of the data are integrated into each chapter. Mechanisms of drug resistance and the reasons behind circumventing the resistant phenotype are covered. The book will interest cancer chemotherapists, pharmacologists, oncologists, biochemists, and experimental therapeutics researchers, in addition to students studying the principles of drug discovery and protocol design.
Download or read book Prostate Cancer Methods and Protocols written by Pamela J. Russell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is the second leading cancer in men in Western society. A major concern, and an area of intensive research, involves understanding why certain prostate cancers remain localized or indolent, whereas others become aggressive and metastasize. The differences between these cancer types have profound implications for patients and physicians. Indolent d- ease, which grows very slowly, generally does not cause any problems to the patient, whereas aggressive disease requires immediate treatment, the earlier the better. At present, there are no markers that discriminate between these two entities, thus causing a dilemma for the management of patients who have recently been diagnosed. The aim of Prostate Cancer Methods and Protocols is to explore cutting-edge molecular methods that may have the potential to reveal markers of disease for use in more accurate diagnoses of prostate c- cer and, consequently, to lead to new treatment strategies. This book provides a comprehensive collection of both in vitro and in vivo step-by-step protocols currently used by leaders in prostate cancer research, advice on approaches that can be used in the study of prostate cancer, as well as reviews covering areas less amenable to laboratory research, such as environmental factors in prostate cancer, to provide the reader with an overview of the prostate cancer research field as it currently stands.
Download or read book Vaccine Protocols written by Andrew P. Robinson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccine research and development is advancing at an unprecedented pace, with an increasing emphasis on rational design based upon a fundamental und- standing of the underlying molecular mechanisms. The aim of this volume is to provide a selection of contemporary protocols that will be useful to both novice and advanced practitioner alike. The variety of procedures required to design, develop, produce, and assess a vaccine is immense and covers aspects of ch- istry, biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and immunology. No single volume can hope to cover these topics exclusively. Rather, here we attempt to provide a methods sourcebook focusing on hands-on practical advice. Comp- mentary and background information may be found in other volumes in the Me- ods in Molecular Medicine series. Of particular interest are volumes on Dendritic Cell Protocols, Interleukin Protocols, Vaccine Adjuvants, and DNA Vaccines. Since the publication of the first edition of Vaccine Protocols there have been major advances, particularly in the areas of bacterial genomics, antig- specific T-cell quantification, genetic manipulation of vaccine vectors, the h- nessing of natural molecules concerned with the regulation of immune responses, and the burgeoning field of DNA vaccinology. Hence, the extensive revision of this edition with new chapters on live viral vaccine vectors, atte- ated bacterial vectors, immunomodulators, MHC-peptide tetrameric complexes, and the identification of vaccine candidates by genomic analysis. Additionally, chapters from the first edition have been updated to accommodate state-of-t- art methods in vaccinology.
Download or read book Hepatitis B and D Protocols written by Robert K. Hamatake and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, there are still 400 million people, worldwide who are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). For them, the vaccine, as currently applied, has no value. Given the possible consequences of HBV infection, the number of those chronically infected with HBV presents an enormous public health challenge. For example, the major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is chronic infection with HBV. Although fifth in cancer incidence, worldwide, HCC/liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death. The high mortality as- ciated with HCC arises because the disease is often detected late and is unresponsive to treatment. The number of deaths caused by PHCC is expected to rise over the next 20 years. Those chronically infected with HBV have a life risk of death to HCC of between 10 and 25%. Even the limited efficacy of drugs for the treatment of chronic HBV helps underscore the point that this disease is responsive to therapy. Drugs that target the polymerase (e. g. , hepsera and lamivudine) and interferon alpha represent two distinct strategies and show that both conventional antiviral and immunothe- peutic approaches can be used in management. However, the current inventory of therapeutics is inadequate. Interferon alpha is of limited value, only parenterally ava- able, and fraught with adverse reactions.
Download or read book Human Cell Culture Protocols written by Joanna Picot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thoroughly revised and updated collection readily reproducible techniques for culturing human cells. This new edition includes a wide range of human cell types relevant to human disease and new chapters on fibroblasts, Schwann cells, gastric and colonic epithelial cells, and parathyroid cells. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular MedicineTM series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Download or read book Blood Brain Barrier written by Sukriti Nag and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown leading to cerebral edema occurs in many brain diseases—such as trauma, stroke, inflammation, infection, and tumors—and is an important factor in the mortality arising from these con- tions. Despite the importance of the BBB in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the molecular mechanisms occurring at the BBB are not completely und- stood. In the last decade a number of molecules have been identified not only in endothelial cells, but also in astrocytes, pericytes, and the perivascular cells that interact with endothelium to maintain cerebral homeostasis. However, the precise cellular interactions at a molecular level in steady states and d- eases have still to be determined. The introduction of new research techniques during the last decade or so provide an opportunity to study the molecular mec- nisms occurring at the BBB in diseases. The Blood–Brain Barrier: Biology and Research Protocols provides the reader with details of selected morphologic, permeability, transport, in vitro, and molecular techniques for BBB studies, all written by experts in the field. Each part is preceded by a review that emphasizes the advantages and pitfalls of particular techniques, as well as offering much relevant current information. The techniques provided will be helpful to both beginners in BBB research and those more experienced investigators who wish to add a specific technique to those already available in their laboratories.
Download or read book Suicide Gene Therapy written by Caroline J. Springer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene therapy has expanded rapidly over the last decade. The number of clinical trials reported by 2001 included 532 protocols and 3436 patients. Phase I trials predominate with 359 trials of 1774 patients versus Phase II (57 trials with 507 patients) and Phase III (3 trials of 251 patients). The disease overwhelmingly targeted by gene therapy is cancer: involving 331 trials with 2361 patients. Despite the somewhat disappointing results of clinical trials to date, gene therapy offers tremendous promise for the future of cancer therapy. The area of gene therapy is vast, and both malignant and nonmalignant cells can be targeted. Suicide Gene Therapy: Methods and Reviews covers gene therapy that targets malignant cells in a treatment that has become known as “suicide gene therapy. ” Basically, this approach uses the transduction of cancer cells with a gene for a foreign enzyme that, when expressed, is able to activate a nontoxic prodrug into a highly cytotoxic drug able to kill the cancer cell population. This is a major area in cancer gene therapy—in 2001 this technique was represented by 52 clinical protocols with a total of 567 patients. Additional trials used multiple gene therapy protocols that also involved suicide gene therapy (83 with 497 patients), indicating that the interest in this area is considerable. Suicide Gene Therapy: Methods and Reviews aims to cover comprehensively, both in theoretical and practical terms, the rapidly evolving area of suicide gene therapy for cancer.
