Download or read book Novel Acceptor Molecules for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells written by Jason Thomas Bloking and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solution-processable organic solar cells offer the promise of clean energy generation at lower cost than conventional technologies due to high-throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing, cheap and abundant materials and the lower installation costs associated with lightweight and flexible solar modules. Power conversion efficiencies of organic solar cells have surpassed 10% due in large part to the discovery and design of new materials for the donor half of the donor-acceptor heterojunction. However, the vast majority of organic photovoltaic devices contain fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor material. Devices containing fullerenes as the electron acceptors have been shown to be energetically limited to open-circuit voltages of 1.0 V or less, thus limiting their maximum efficiency and potential for use as the high-voltage top cell in tandem solar cell architectures. This is in addition to other drawbacks of fullerenes such as their high synthetic cost and relatively poor light absorption. A phenyl imide-based electron acceptor molecule, HPI-BT, has been developed as an alternative to fullerene derivatives to address some of these drawbacks. Device efficiencies of up to 3.7% with the common electron donating polymer poly (3-hexyl thiophene) -- P3HT -- have been achieved through detailed optimization. While these devices have open-circuit voltages of 0.94 V (0.31 V higher than comparable devices with P3HT and PC61BM, a common fullerene derivative), the quantum efficiency is 20% lower than the equivalent fullerene-containing device. Through investigation of the dependence of quantum efficiency on applied electric field and light intensity in these devices and others using additional electron donating polymers, the primary cause of lower quantum efficiency in these devices is found to be recombination of geminate charge pairs before they are able to reach their fully charge-separated state. Recent research reports show that the microstructure of a typical bulk heterojunction organic solar cell consists of a relatively pure electron donor phase (P3HT), a relatively pure acceptor phase (PC61BM) and a two-component mixed phase at the interface of the two pure phases. This interfacial mixed phase is believed to provide an energetic driving force for charge separation from the mixed phase into the pure phases, thus providing high quantum efficiencies in fullerene-based devices. X-ray diffraction studies on blends of polythiophene and HPI-BT show no evidence of a strongly mixed third phase. The lower quantum efficiency of devices containing HPI-BT without this third mixed phase is explained by the favorable energetic offsets created in this three-phase morphology. Alternatively, the inability of fullerenes to effectively absorb light can be partially mitigated by the addition of a third molecule providing additional absorption bandwidth in a ternary blend organic solar cell. The addition of up to 20% (by weight) of a conjugated dye molecule, tetra-tert-butyl functionalized silicon naphthalocyanine (t-butyl SiNc), to a typical bulk heterojunction solar cell with P3HT and PC61BM results in the generation of additional photocurrent from dye absorption in the near-infrared region of the light spectrum. The effect of the tert-butyl functionalization on the incorporation of the dye molecule is discussed along with the potential for improved efficiency of ternary blend organic solar cells relative to their binary blend counterparts.

Download or read book Insights in Molecular Interactions in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells by Synthesis of Novel Electron Donor Materials written by Dries Devisscher (Doctor of Sciences: Chemistry) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Insights in Molecular Interactions in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells by Synthesis of Novel Electron Donor Materials written by Dries Devisscher and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Photovoltaics written by Christoph Brabec and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing complementary viewpoints from academia as well as technology companies, this book covers the three most important aspects of successful device design: materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies. It also offers an insight into commercialization concerns, such as packaging technologies, system integration, reel-to-reel large scale manufacturing issues and production costs. With an introduction by Nobel Laureate Alan Heeger.

Download or read book Charge Recombination in Novel Blend Materials for Organic Solar Cells Optical Detection and Kinetic Modelling written by Melissa Van Landeghem and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Solar Cells written by Barry P. Rand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have the potential to make a significant contribution to the increasing energy needs of the future. In this book, 15 chapters written by selected experts explore the required characteristics of components present in an OPV device, such as transparent electrodes, electron- and hole-conducting layers, as well as electron donor and acceptor materials. Design, preparation, and evaluation of these materials targeting highest performance are discussed. This includes contributions on modeling down to the molecular level to device-level electrical and optical testing and modeling, as well as layer morphology control and characterization. The integration of the different components in device architectures suitable for mass production is described. Finally, the technical feasibility and economic viability of large-scale manufacturing using fast inexpensive roll-to-roll deposition technologies is assessed.

Download or read book Polymer polymer blends in organic photovoltaic and photodiode devices written by Yuxin Xia and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic photovoltaics devices (OPV) have attracted attentions of scientist for their potential as inexpensive, lightweight, flexible and suitable for roll-to-roll production. In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on new acceptor materials, either polymeric or small molecules, to replace the once dominating fullerene derivatives. The emergence of numerous new non-fullerene materials has driven power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 17%, attracting more and more interests of commercialization. Polymer acceptors with more morphology stability, more absorption and more desired energy levels has been intensively studied and show great potential for large area and low-cost production in the future. OPV at this moment is not yet competitive with inorganic solar cells in PCE but is more attractive in flexibility, low weight and semitransparency. In this thesis, some basic knowledges of OPV is introduced in the first few chapters, while the next chapters are focusing on polymer-polymer blends and investigating novel structures and techniques for large scale production of solar cells and photodetectors aiming at maximizing these advantages to compete with inorganic counterpart. Thermal annealing effects on polymer-polymer solar cells based is studied. Annealed devices show doubled power conversion efficiency compared to non-annealed devices. Based on the morphology—mobility examination, we conclude that the better charge transport is achieved by higher order and better interconnected networks of the bulk heterojunction in the annealed active layers. The annealing improves charge transport and extends the conjugation length of the polymers, which do help charge generation and meanwhile reduce recombination. The blend of an amorphous polymer and a semi-crystalline polymer can thus be modified by thermal annealing to double the power conversion efficiency. A novel concept of all-polymer organic photovoltaics device is demonstrated in this thesis where all the layers are made out of polymers. We use PEDOT:PSS as semitransparent anode and polyethyleneimine modified PEDOT:PSS as semitransparent cathode, both of which are slot-die printed on polyethylene terephthalate(PET). Active layers are deposited on cathode and anode surfaces by spin coating separately. These layers are then joined through a roll-to-roll compatible lamination process. This forms a semitransparent and flexible solar cell. By laminating a thin layer acceptor polymer to a thick polymer-polymer blend, we can further improve the performance by reducing traps comparing to laminating blend to blend. Flexible and semitransparent all-polymer photodiodes with different geometries can be fabricated through lamination. By choosing high band gap polymers and appropriate combination of two or more polymers, organic photodiode with low noise and high specific detectivity can be obtained. Comparison between bilayer and bulk heterojunction devices gives better understanding of the origin of noise and provides ways to improve the performance of photodiodes as detector. Noise level is a critical parameter for photodetectors. The difficulties of measuring the noise of photodetectors make some researchers prefer the estimated shot noise as the dominating one and ignore the thermal noise and 1/f noise. The latter two terms are sometimes several orders higher than the former, noting the importance of experimentally measuring noise. The use of semi-transparent photovoltaic devices causes an inevitable loss of photocurrent, as light transmitted has not been absorbed. This trivial effect also leads to a loss of photovoltage, an effect partially due to the lower photocurrent but also due to the geometry of the semitransparent photovoltaic device. We here demonstrate and evaluate this photovoltage loss in semi-transparent organic photovoltaic devices, compared with non-transparent solar cells of the same material. Semi-transparent solar cells in addition introduce photovoltage loss when formed by lamination. We document and analyze these effects for a number of polymer blends in the form of bulk heterojunctions.

Download or read book Organic Photovoltaics written by Christoph Joseph Brabec and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume describes and explains the fundamentals of organic/plastic solar cells in a manner accessible to both researchers and students. It provides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of these materials and corresponding devices, which will play a key role in future solar energy systems.

Download or read book Molecular Helices as Electron Acceptors in High performance Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite numerous organic semiconducting materials synthesized for organic photovoltaics in the past decade, fullerenes are widely used as electron acceptors in highly efficient bulk-heterojunction solar cells. None of the non-fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells have achieved efficiencies as high as fullerene-based solar cells. Design principles for fullerene-free acceptors remain unclear in the field. Here we report examples of helical molecular semiconductors as electron acceptors that are on par with fullerene derivatives in efficient solar cells. We achieved an 8.3% power conversion efficiency in a solar cell, which is a record high for non-fullerene bulk heterojunctions. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed both electron and hole transfer processes at the donor-acceptor interfaces. Atomic force microscopy reveals a mesh-like network of acceptors with pores that are tens of nanometres in diameter for efficient exciton separation and charge transport. As a result, this study describes a new motif for designing highly efficient acceptors for organic solar cells.

Download or read book Synthesis of Organic Electron Acceptors for Photovoltaics written by Neelima Kumari and published by Mohammed Abdul Malik. This book was released on 2024-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Synthesis of Organic Electron Acceptors for Photovoltaics" by Neelima Kumari is an informative and insightful book that focuses on the development and evaluation of novel organic small molecule-based electron acceptors for use in organic photovoltaic applications. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the strategies that have been developed for the synthesis of these materials, as well as their properties and potential applications in photovoltaic devices. The book covers a range of topics, including the design and synthesis of new electron acceptors, the characterization of their properties, and their performance in organic photovoltaic devices. The author, Neelima Kumari, is a renowned researcher in the field of materials science, with extensive experience in the synthesis and evaluation of new materials for photovoltaic applications. The book is written in a clear and concise manner, making it accessible to readers from a range of backgrounds, including students, researchers, and professionals in the fields of materials science, chemistry, and physics. The author provides expert insights and practical guidance on the use of organic electron acceptors in photovoltaic devices, which can enable researchers to develop more efficient and cost-effective solar cells. Overall, "Synthesis of Organic Electron Acceptors for Photovoltaics" is an essential read for anyone interested in the development of new materials for photovoltaic applications. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in this rapidly evolving field, and will be a valuable resource for researchers working in academia, industry, and government. The author's insights and guidance on the synthesis and evaluation of new organic electron acceptors will be of particular interest to researchers working in the field of organic photovoltaics.

Download or read book Polymer Photovoltaics written by Fei Huang and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international perspective on the latest research in polymer solar cell technology.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Solar Cell Design written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar cells are semiconductor devices that convert light photons into electricity in photovoltaic energy conversion and can help to overcome the global energy crisis. Solar cells have many applications including remote area power systems, earth-orbiting satellites, wristwatches, water pumping, photodetectors and remote radiotelephones. Solar cell technology is economically feasible for commercial-scale power generation. While commercial solar cells exhibit good performance and stability, still researchers are looking at many ways to improve the performance and cost of solar cells via modulating the fundamental properties of semiconductors. Solar cell technology is the key to a clean energy future. Solar cells directly harvest energy from the sun’s light radiation into electricity are in an ever-growing demand for future global energy production. Solar cell-based energy harvesting has attracted worldwide attention for their notable features, such as cheap renewable technology, scalable, lightweight, flexibility, versatility, no greenhouse gas emission, environment, and economy friendly and operational costs are quite low compared to other forms of power generation. Thus, solar cell technology is at the forefront of renewable energy technologies which are used in telecommunications, power plants, small devices to satellites. Aiming at large-scale implementation can be manipulated by various types used in solar cell design and exploration of new materials towards improving performance and reducing cost. Therefore, in-depth knowledge about solar cell design is fundamental for those who wish to apply this knowledge and understanding in industries and academics. This book provides a comprehensive overview on solar cells and explores the history to evolution and present scenarios of solar cell design, classification, properties, various semiconductor materials, thin films, wafer-scale, transparent solar cells, and so on. It also includes solar cells’ characterization analytical tools, theoretical modeling, practices to enhance conversion efficiencies, applications and patents.

Download or read book Flexible Solar Cells written by Mario Pagliaro and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the decline in the world's natural resources, the need for new and cheaper energy sources is evolving. One such source is the sun which generates heat and light which can be harnessed and used to our advantage. This reference book introduces the topic of photovoltaics in the form of flexible solar cells. There are explanations of the principles behind this technology, the engineering required to produce these products and the future possibilities offered by this technology. The chemistry and physics of the cells (both organic and inorganic) are clarified as well as production methods, with information how this can then be applied to the nanoscale as well. A complete guide to this new and exciting way of producing energy which will be invaluable to a variety of people from material scientists, chemists, electrical engineers, to management consultants and politicians.

Download or read book Handbook of Organic Materials for Optical and Opto Electronic Devices written by Oksana Ostroverkhova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small molecules and conjugated polymers, the two main types of organic materials used for optoelectronic and photonic devices, can be used in a number of applications including organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, photorefractive devices and waveguides. Organic materials are attractive due to their low cost, the possibility of their deposition from solution onto large-area substrates, and the ability to tailor their properties. The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices provides an overview of the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials, and explains how these materials can be used across a range of applications.Parts one and two explore the materials used for organic optoelectronics and nonlinear optics, their properties, and methods of their characterization illustrated by physical studies. Part three moves on to discuss the applications of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical organic materials in devices and includes chapters on organic solar cells, electronic memory devices, and electronic chemical sensors, electro-optic devices.The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices is a technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists involved in research and development of organic semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials and devices. - Comprehensively examines the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials - Discusses their applications in different devices including solar cells, LEDs and electronic memory devices - An essential technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists

Download or read book Nanostructured Solar Cells written by Guanying Chen and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Nanostructured Solar Cells" that was published in Nanomaterials

Download or read book Solution processed Small Molecule Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Molecular Morphological Interfacial and Device Engineering written by Jie Min and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organic Photovoltaics written by Sam-Shajing Sun and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently developed organic photovoltaics (OPVs) show distinct advantages over their inorganic counterparts due to their lighter weight, flexible shape, versatile materials synthesis and device fabrication schemes, and low cost in large-scale industrial production. Although many books currently exist on general concepts of PV and inorganic PV materials and devices, few are available that offer a comprehensive overview of recently fast developing organic and polymeric PV materials and devices. Organic Photovoltaics: Mechanisms, Materials, and Devices fills this gap. The book provides an international perspective on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field with contributions from top experts around the world. It presents a unified approach comprising three sections: General Overviews; Mechanisms and Modeling; and Materials and Devices. Discussions include sunlight capture, exciton diffusion and dissociation, interface properties, charge recombination and migration, and a variety of currently developing OPV materials/devices. The book also includes two forewords: one by Nobel Laureate Dr. Alan J. Heeger, and the other by Drs. Aloysius Hepp and Sheila Bailey of NASA Glenn Research Center. Organic Photovoltaics equips students, researchers, and engineers with knowledge of the mechanisms, materials, devices, and applications of OPVs necessary to develop cheaper, lighter, and cleaner renewable energy throughout the coming decades.