Download or read book Notes on the Relation of Insects to Disease written by William Albert Riley and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Notes on the Relation of Insects to Disease written by William Albert Riley and published by Palala Press. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Insect Transmission Of Plant Diseases written by Leach and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume Brings Into Focus The Crucial Role Played By Insects In The Spread And Development Of Various Plant Diseases. Against The Background Of Advances In Plant Pathology, It Is Described How Bacterial, Fungus, Virus And Other Plant Diseases Are Transmitted Through Insects. Based On Author S Personal Research Work, A Number Of Diseases In Specifies Crops Have Been Discussed, Supplemented With Illustrations, Tables Of Technical Data And Diagrams. Also There Are Special Chapters On The Anatomy And Physiology Of Plants In Relation To Infection; Feeding And Breeding Habits To Insects; And The Techniques Particularly Useful For The Study Of Insect Transmission Of Plant Diseases. With Prolific Reference For Further And Deeper Information Appended To Each Of The Chapters, The Book Should Interest The Students And Scholars Of Entomology And Plant Pathology, Particularly. Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction; The Science Of Plant Pathology: Its Origin And Growth, The Passing Ofthe Exploratory And Descriptive Stage, Modern Emphasis On More Basic Problems, Insect Transmission A Neglected Borderline Field, Some Causes Of Neglect, Viewpoints Of Pathlogists And Entomologists, Some Results Of Neglect, Relation Of Dipterous Insects To Bacterial Soft Rot Misinterpreted, Failure To Recognize Role Of Flea Beetles In Transmitting Bacterial Wilt Of Corn, Confusion Of Tipburn And Hoppeburn Of Potatoes, Bark Beetles And Blue-Stain Fungi As Factors In Death Of Pines, Need For More And Better Cooperation, Possible Aids In Overcoming Difficulties In Cooperation, The Complexity Of The Phenomenon Of Insect Transmission, Biological And Evolutionary Aspects, Interaction Of Plant, Pathogen And Vector And Influence Of Environment, Need For Special Techniques, Lessons To Be Learned From Insect Transmission Of Animal Diseases, Chapter 2: The Interrelationships Of Plants And Insects; Close Association Of Insects And Plants In Evolutionary Past, Interdependence Of Plants And Insects, Phytophagous Insects: Methods Of Feeding, Injuries And Benefits, Entomophagous Plants, The Flycatcher, The Pitcher Plants, The Butterworts, The Sundews, The Bladderworts, The Venus S Flytrap, Nematode Entraping Fungi, Entomophthorous Plants: Bacterial Diseases Of Insects, Fungus Diseases, Virus Diseases, Protozoal Diseases, Entomophilous Plants, Agents Of Pollination, Origin Of Entomophily, Plant Adaptations, Insect Adaptations, Symbiosis Between Insects And Plants, Chpater 3: Symbiosis Between Insects And Microorganisms And Its Significance In Plant Pathology; Symbiosis, Origin Of The Term And Concept Expressed, Kind Of Symbiosis, Symbiosis Between Insects And Microorganisms, Ecotosymbiosis: Ambrosia, Beetles, And Fungi, Termites And Fungi, The Fungus Cultivating Ants, Endosymbiosis: Progressive Series Of Complexity, The Nature Of The Symbiotic Association, Septobasidium And Scale Insects, Bacteria And Dipterous Insects, The Drug Store Bettle And Yeast, Intracellular Symbiosis In The Homoptera, Mycetocytes And Mycetomes, Rikettsia, Chapter 4: The Relation Of Insects To The Spread And Development Of Plant Diseases; Historical Review: Poineer Work Of Waite On Insect Transmission Of Fire Blight, Takami And Rice Dwarf, Early Work On Sugar Beet Leaf Roll, Allard And Tobacco Mosaic, Parallel Developments In Insect Transmission Of Animal Diseases, The Olive Fly And Olive Knot, Bacterial Wilt Of Cucurbits And The Cucumber Beeltes, Norton S Review, Hopperburn Of Potatoes And Other Plants, Survey Of Field By Rand And Pierce, Symposium Of 1921, Buchner S Tier And Pflanze In Symbiose:, Boning S Review, Leach S Review, Symposium Of 1987, The Roles Played By Insects: Direct Disease Production, Dissemination Of The Pathogen, Inoculation, Ingression, Invasion, Preservation, Possible Role Of Insects In Origin Of New Diseases; Classification Of Methods Of Insects Transmission, Biologic And Evolutionary Significance Of Insect Transmission, Insect And Diploidization Of Heterothallic Fungi, Chapter 5: Plant Diseases Caused By Toxicogenic Insects; Nature Of Diseases Caused By Insects: Toxocogenic And Toxoniferous Insects, Phytotoxaemias , Or Toxicoses Compared With Virus Diseases, Stigmonose, Hopperburn, Toxicogenic Casid Bugs, Froghopper Blight Of Sugar Cane, Mealy Bug Wilt Of Pineapple, Green Spotting Of Pineapples, Psyllid Yellows Of Potatoes, Anasa Wilt Of Cucurbits, Insect Galls, Insect Causing Galls, Morphology Of Insect Galls, The Ambrosia Galls, The Gall Producing Stimulus, The Histology Of Galls, Chapter 6: Insects And Bacterial Diseases; Fire Blight Of Orchard Fruits, Soft Rot Of Plants And Dipterous Insects, Potato Blackleg, Softrot Of Crucifers And The Cabbage Maggot, The Heart Rot Of Celery, Bacterial Wilt Of Cucurbits, Bacterial Wilt Of Corn (Stewart S Disease), Olive Knot, Bacterial Rot Of Apples And The Apple Maggot, Gummosis Of Sugar Cane, A Bacterial Disease Of Willows And The Willow Borer, Bacterial Wilt Of Solanacea, Bacteriosis Of Prickly Pear Plants, Bacterial Gall Of Douglas Fir And Chermes Colleyi, Black Rot Of Crucifers, Angular Leaf Spot Of Tobacco And The Southern Tobacco Warm, Bean Bacteriosis And Thrips, Blade Blight Of Oats, Gardenia Bud Drop, The Spot Disease Of Cauliflower And Red Bordered Stink Bug, Bacteria Associated With Aphids Adn A Gall Of Witch Hazel, Chapter 7: Insects And Fungus Diseases; Ergot Of Cereals And Grasses, Bark Beetles And Blue Stain Of Conifers, The Dutch Elm Disease, Fig Diseases, Endosepsis, Souring, Smut, Perennial Canker Of Apple And The Wolly Aphis, European Canker And The Wolly Aphis, Bees And Downy Mildew Of Lima Beans, Plant Bugs And Stigmatomycosis, The Anther Smut Of Pinks, Blossom Blight Of Red Cover, Tree Cricket Canker Of Apple, Chest Nut Blight, Insects And Tomato Leaf Spot Diseases, Insects And Sooty Mold, Insects And Brown Rot Of Stone Fruits, The Potato Flea Beetle And Potato Scrab, Blackleg Of Cabbage And The Cabbage Maggot, Insects And Red Rot Of Sugar Cane, Insects And Diseases Of Mushrooms, Plum Wilt And The Peach Tree Borer, Insect Dissemination Of The Cotton Wilt Pathogen, Monochamus Spp. And The Heart Rot Of Conifers, Insects And A Sapwood Decay Of Conifers, Chapter 8: Insects And Virus Diseases; Virus Diseases: Apparent Increase In Prevalence And Probable Explanation, Number And Economic Importance, Nautre Of Viruses, Agents Of Viruse Dissemination: Wind, Water, Soil, Seed, Pollen, Other Plant Parts, Parasitic Fungi, Man, Insects, Orders Of Insects Containing Vectors Of Viruses, Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Methods Of Virus Transmission By Insects, Mechanical, Biological, Multiplication Of The Virus In The Insect Body, The Incubation Period In The Insect Body, Specificity Of Virus Transmission By Insect Vectors, The Obligatory Nature Of Insect Transmission Of Certain Viruses, The Relation Of The Age Or Life Stage Of The Insect Vectors And Its Ability To Transmit The Virus, Congenital Transmission Of Virus In The In The Insect Vector, The Effect Of The Virus On The Insect Vector, Chapter 9: Insects And Virus Diseases (Continued); Selected Examples Of Virus Diseases Transmitted By Insects, Transmission By Mechanical Sap Inoculation, Insect Transmission Purely Mechnical: Potato Spindle Tuber, Tobacco Mosaic, Yellow Dwarf Of Onions, Cucumber Mosaic, Western Celery Mosaic, Transmission By Aphids, Showing Group Specificity, Insect Transmission Not Entirely Mechanical: Sugar Cane Mosaic, Potato Leaf Roll, Transmission By Leaf Hoppers, Biological And Highly Specific: Curly Top Of Sugar Beet And Other Plants, Aster Yellows, False Blossom Of Cranberry, Potato Yellow Dwarf, The Fiji Diseases Of Sugar Cane, Transmission By Thrips, Biological And Specific: Spotted Wilt, Yellow Spot Of Pineapple, Trnasmission By Lace Bugs, Biological And Specific: Leaf Curl Of Sugar Beet, Savoy Of Beets, Transmission By White Flies, Biological And Specific: Leaf Curl Of Cotton, Cassava Mosaic, Transmission By Mites: Reversion Of Black Currants, Nature Of Transmission Obscure: Wheat Mosaic, Latent (X) Virus Of Potato, Chapter 10: Insects And Phytopathogenic Protozoa; Protoxoa As Plant Pathogens, Protozoa In Laticiferous Plants, Insect Tranmissions Of Endophytic Protozoa, Phloem Necrosis Of Coffee, Chapter 11: Mites, Nematodes, And Other Small Animals As Vectors Of Plant Diseases; Mites: Their Nature And Economic Importance, Mitesand The Silver Top Of June Grass And Bud Rot Of Carnations, Mites As Vectors Of Blue Stain Fungi, Of The Dutch Elm Disease, Of Microorgnaisms Causing Decay Of Plants, Of Reversion In Black Currants, Nematodes: Their Nature And Economic Importance, Nematodes And The Dilophospora Diseases Of Cereals, Root Nematodes As Agents Of Transmission Of Plant Pathogens, Earthworms And Club Root Of Crucifers, Slugs As Vectors Of Plant Pathogens, Birds As Vectors Of Chestnut Canker, Of Mistletoe, Chapter 12: The Anatomy And Physiology Of Plants In Relation To Infection And Insect Vectors; Natural Protection Of Plants Against Infection, The Relation Of Tissues To Insect Transmission Of Diseases: The Epidermis, The Stomata, Plasmodesmata, Hydathodes, Nectaries And Other Floral Organs, The Periderm, Would Cork, Callus, Latex Ducts, Physiology And Chemical Composition: Klendusity, Resistance Of Plants To Insects, Chapter 13: The Anatomy And Physiology Of Insects In Relation To The Transmission Of Plant Diseases; The Exoskeleton And Its Components, The Mouth Parts: The Labroum, The Epipharynx, The Mandibles, Themaxillae, The Hypopharynx, The Labium, The Mouth Parts Of Chewing Insects, Rasping Sucking Mouth Parts, Piercing Sucking Mouth Parts, The Mechanics Of Penetration By Sucking Mouth Parts, Sponging Mouth Parts, Siphoning Mout Hparts, Chewing Lapping Mouth Parts, The Salivary Glands, The Alimentary Canal, The Stomodaeum, The Mesenteron, The Proctodaeum, The Organs Of Reporudction, The Internal Genitalia, The External Genitalia, Chapter 16: The Inocual Of Plant Pathogens In Relation To Insect Transmission; The Nature Of Inocula Of Plant Pathogens, Bacteria: Size, Spores, Exudate, Resistance Of Natural Environment, Resistance Of Digestive Fluids Of Insects, Pleomorphism, Fungi, Vegetative Mycelium: Selerotia, Spores, Spores Horne In Sticky Matrix, Adherence Of Dry Spores, Resistance Of Spores To Natural Environment, Resistance To Digestive Fluids Of Insects, Odors And Colors Attractive To Insects, Food Value Of Spore Matrix, Place Of Spore Formation, Forcible Discharge Of Spores, Protozoa, Dependence Upon Insects For Disemination, Inoculation, And Ingresion, Viruses, Nature Of Inoculum, Wide Variability In Properties, Infection Requirements And Insect Inoculation, Seed Plants, Sticky Matrix Of Mistetoe Seed, Chapter 15: The Feeding And Breeding Habits Of Insects In Relation To The Transmission Of Plant Diseases; Feeding Habits, Necessity Of Regular Visitation Of Both Diseases And Healthy Plants, The Mechanics Of Feedings, Choice Of Food Plants, Host Relationships Of Aphids Classified, Insect Mortility, Tissue Selection, Breeding Habits, Ovipositions Wounds, Place Of Oviposition, Preference Of Breeding Hosts, Breeding Habits In Relation To Cultivation Practices, Insect Abundance, Chapter 16: Insect Transmission Of Animal Diseases Compared With Insect Transmission Of Plant Diseases; The Relationships Between Plant And Animal Pathology, Brief Historical Survey Of Medical Entomology, Mosquitoes And Filariasis, Cattle Ticks And Texas Fever, The Tsetse Fly And Nagana Diseases Of Cattle, The Tsetse Fly And Sleeping Sickness, Mosquitoes And Malaria, Mosquitoes And Yellow Fever, Mosquitoes And Dengue, Fleas And Bubonic Plague, Lice And Typhus Fever, Lice And Trench Fver, Flies And Typhoid Fever, A Comparison Of Insect Transmission Of Plant And Animal Diseases, Chapter 17: Methods Useful In The Study Of Insect Trnansmission Of Plant Diseases; Problems Of Techniques Presented By Borderline Field Of Study, Koch S Postulates, Their Application To Insect Transmitted Virus Diseases, Virus Purification, Rules Of Proof For Insect Transmission, Supplementary Data, Taxonomic Problems: Importance Of Correct Identification Of Insect Vectors, The Value Of Field Observations, Greenhouse Andcages, Insect Traps: Light Traps, Wind Traps, Microbiological Methods, Selective Media, Isolation Of Plants Pathogens From Insect Vectors, Histological Methods: Fixing Solution For Plant And Insect Materials, Staining, Miscellaneous Techniques For Special Purposes.
Download or read book Insect Pests and how to Beat Them written by James Sarsfield and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Directions for Biosciences Research in Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by an integrated committee of plant and animal scientists, this review of newer molecular genetic techniques and traditional research methods is presented as a compilation of high-reward opportunities for agricultural research. Directed to the Agricultural Research Service and the agricultural research community at large, the volume discusses biosciences research in genetic engineering, animal science, plant science, and plant diseases and insect pests. An optimal climate for productive research is discussed.
Download or read book Insects in Relation to Plant Disease written by Walter Carter and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insects and Disease written by Rennie W. Doane and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Pests and How to Beat Them written by James Sarsfield and published by . This book was released on 2015-06-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Insect Pests and How to Beat Them: Including Notes on Plant Diseases, Soils and Manures About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Insect Pests and how to Beat Them Including Notes on Plant Diseases Soils and Manures written by and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Pests and how to Beat Them Including Notes on Plant Diseases Soils and Manures written by James Sarsfield and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive guide to insect pests and plant diseases is an essential resource for anyone interested in gardening or agriculture. With detailed descriptions of common pests and diseases, this book provides practical tips on how to prevent and treat infestations. The author also includes information on soil nutrition and fertilization techniques to keep your plants thriving. Packed with useful information and practical tips, this book is a must-have for any gardener or farmer. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Global Health Impacts of Vector Borne Diseases written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-21 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases â€" including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague â€" together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Insect Biodiversity written by Robert G. Foottit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-11 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume Two of the new guide to the study of biodiversity in insects Volume Two of Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society presents an entirely new, companion volume of a comprehensive resource for the most current research on the influence insects have on humankind and on our endangered environment. With contributions from leading researchers and scholars on the topic, the text explores relevant topics including biodiversity in different habitats and regions, taxonomic groups, and perspectives. Volume Two offers coverage of insect biodiversity in regional settings, such as the Arctic and Asia, and in particular habitats including crops, caves, and islands. The authors also include information on historical, cultural, technical, and climatic perspectives of insect biodiversity. This book explores the wide variety of insect species and their evolutionary relationships. Case studies offer assessments on how insect biodiversity can help meet the needs of a rapidly expanding human population, and examine the consequences that an increased loss of insect species will have on the world. This important text: Offers the most up-to-date information on the important topic of insect biodiversity Explores vital topics such as the impact on insect biodiversity through habitat loss and degradation and climate change With its companion Volume I, presents current information on the biodiversity of all insect orders Contains reviews of insect biodiversity in culture and art, in the fossil record, and in agricultural systems Includes scientific approaches and methods for the study of insect biodiversity The book offers scientists, academics, professionals, and students a guide for a better understanding of the biology and ecology of insects, highlighting the need to sustainably manage ecosystems in an ever-changing global environment.
Download or read book Biology of Blood Sucking Insects written by Mike Lehane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood-sucking insects are the vectors of many of the most debilitating parasites of man and his domesticated animals. In addition they are of considerable direct cost to the agricultural industry through losses in milk and meat yields, and through damage to hides and wool, etc. So, not surprisingly, many books of medical and veterinary entomology have been written. Most of these texts are organized taxonomically giving the details of the life-cycles, bionomics, relationship to disease and economic importance of each of the insect groups in turn. I have taken a different approach. This book is topic led and aims to discuss the biological themes which are common in the lives of blood-sucking insects. To do this I have concentrated on those aspects of the biology of these fascinating insects which have been clearly modified in some way to suit the blood-sucking habit. For example, I have discussed feeding and digestion in some detail because feeding on blood presents insects with special problems, but I have not discussed respiration because it is not affected in any particular way by haematophagy. Naturally there is a subjective element in the choice of topics for discussion and the weight given to each. I hope that I have not let my enthusiasm for particular subjects get the better of me on too many occasions and that the subject material achieves an overall balance.
Download or read book Insect Pathology written by Yoshinori Tanada and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect Pathology is designed for a broad spectrum of readers. Is should be useful to students, lecturers, and researchers requiring information about the principles in insect pathology and the biology of pathogens. It should serve as a resource for specialists to learn about other insect pathogen systems, for generalists to become aware of advances in insect pathology, and for scientists and students, beginning or otherwise, interested in learning about insect pathology. This book was originally intended to update the 1949 test by E. A. Steinhaus entitled Principles of Insect Pathology. The purpose for this book was twofold: To serve (1) as a text for an insect pathology and/or biological control class and (2) as a comprehensive reference source. Because this book summarizes much of the available information, its usefulness as a textbook for an insect pathology class is apparent. Although the literature citations are extensive, they are far from complete. The literature in insect pathology is voluminous and for the past decade has been expanding at an almost exponential rate. A complete review of the literature is beyond the scope of the book, and an omission of a reference does not preclude its importance. Our citations, however, should serve as a good starting point for those who wish to obtain further information. We have attempted to cover equally all subdisciplines, but shortcomings are unavoidable. For these, we take full responsibility.
Download or read book A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks Enlarged Edition written by Tedmund J. Swiecki and published by . This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FULL COLOR and Enlarged Edition - California has more than twenty-five native species, natural hybrids, and varieties of oaks (Quercus species). The form of these oaks ranges from large trees, up to about 25 m tall, to shrubs no taller than about 1.5 m. California's native oaks include representatives of three oak subgroups or subgenera (Table 1). Hybridization only occurs between oaks in the same subgroup. In addition, some insects, pathogens, and other agents may selectively colonize or damage oaks in certain subgroups.
Download or read book Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Official Gazette written by Philippines and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
