Download or read book Nonequilibrium Processes in Catalysis written by Oleg V. Krylov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonequilibrium Processes in Catalysis presents modern ideas and experimental data (e.g., molecular beams, laser technique) on adsorption and catalysis, the mechanism of energy exchange in the processes of particles interaction with a surface, and the lifetimes of excited particles on a surface. Previously unpublished theoretical information regarding the principle of chemoenergetical stimulation accounting for the acceleration of one reaction at the expense of reactant excitation in another is provided, and new ideas about nonequilibrium surface diffusion are explored. Examples of the formation of nonequilibrium dissipative structures in catalysis are presented, including auto-oscillations, auto-waves, multiplicity of kinetic regimes, nonequilibrium phase transition, and decelerated electron exchange between solid and adsorbed species. The book also describes new experimental methods for studying nonequilibrium and quick processes in catalysis. Nonequilibrium Processes in Catalysis will benefit physicists involved with surface science, chemists involved with adsorption and catalysis, engineers, vacuum scientists, physical chemists, materials chemists, students, and others interested in these processes.
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Non Equilibrium Processes for Chemists with a Particular Application to Catalysis written by V. Parmon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-09-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamics of Non-Equilibrium Processes for Chemists with a Particular Application to Catalysis consists of materials adapted from lectures on the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes that have been taught at the Department of Natural Sciences of Novosibirsk State University since 1995. The thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes traditionally required students to have a strong background in physics. However, the materials featured in this volume allow anyone with knowledge in classical thermodynamics of equilibrium processes and traditional chemical kinetics to understand the subject. Topics discussed include systems in the thermodynamics of irreversible processes; thermodynamics of systems that are close to and far from equilibrium; thermodynamics of catalysts; the application of nonequilibrium thermodynamics to material science; and the relationship between entropy and information. This book will be helpful for research into complex chemical transformations, particularly catalytic transformations. Applies simple approaches of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to analyzing properties of chemically reactive systems Covers systems far from equilibrium, allowing the consideration of most chemically reactive systems of a chemical or biological nature This approach resolves many complicated problems in the teaching of chemical kinetics
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Processes in Catalysis written by OV. KRYLOV and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Download or read book Bimodal Oxidation written by Robert Bakhtchadjian and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the problems of oxidation chemical reactions and addresses bimodal reaction sequences. Chemical reactions of oxidation, occurring under certain conditions and in multicomponent systems are complex processes. The process of the oxidation essentially changes in the presence and contact of the solid substances with reactants. The role of solid substances and the appearance of this phenomenon in oxidation reaction are discussed. The reader will understand the "driving forces" of this phenomenon and apply it in practice. Written for chemists, physicists, biologists and engineers working in the domain of oxidation reactions. Key Selling Features: Covers the historical background, modern state of the art, and perspectives in investigations of the coupling between heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions Discusses the feasible pathways of the coupling of heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions in oxidation in man-made and natural chemical systems Addresses the abundance, peculiarities and mechanisms of the bimodal reaction sequences in oxidation with dioxygen in recent decades Discusses the existence of the bimodal reaction sequences in chemical systems investigations in atmospheric chemistry and heterogeneous photocatalysis Presented in a simple concise style, accessible for both specialists and non-specialists
Download or read book Heterogeneous Catalysis written by Georgiĭ Konstantinovich Boreskov and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents
Download or read book Chemical Complexity via Simple Models written by Valeriy I. Bykov and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is focused on mathematical modelling of chemical kinetics. The authors present the classification of basic models of chemical kinetics, thermokinetics and macrokinetics, as well as their application for the most important chemical transformations, such as combustion and catalysis. Readers will find a detailed description and analysis of different mathematical instruments which can be applied for simulation of reaction dynamics.
Download or read book Electrocatalysis written by Richard C. Alkire and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysts speed up a chemical reaction or allow for reactions to take place that would not otherwise occur. The chemical nature of a catalyst and its structure are crucial for interactions with reaction intermediates. An electrocatalyst is used in an electrochemical reaction, for example in a fuel cell to produce electricity. In this case, reaction rates are also dependent on the electrode potential and the structure of the electrical double-layer. This work provides a valuable overview of this rapidly developing field by focusing on the aspects that drive the research of today and tomorrow. Key topics are discussed by leading experts, making this book a must-have for many scientists of the field with backgrounds in different disciplines, including chemistry, physics, biochemistry, engineering as well as surface and materials science. This book is volume XIV in the series "Advances in Electrochemical Sciences and Engineering".
Download or read book Unsteady State Processes in Catalysis written by Yu S. Matros and published by VSP. This book was released on 1990-12 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades the investigation methods of unsteady state catalytic processes have been widely developed by the response-technique methods. From this research emerged the realization that under unsteady state conditions and, especially under artificially created ones, it is possible to increase the productivity or selectivity of a catalyst or a catalytical process as a whole. The scientific literature in this field is mostly theoretical and aims at structuring and analysing mathematical models of unsteady state catalytical processes. In this book the theoretical and applied aspects of an efficiency of artificially created unsteady conditions in catalysis are discussed. It contains the lectures from researchers from all over the world that were held during the International Conference ''Unsteady State Processes in Catalysis'', 5--8 June 1990, Novosibirsk (USSR). Topics include: -- The problems of dynamics of a catalyst surface -- Kinetic models of unsteady processes -- Dynamics of chemical reactors -- Artificially created unsteady processes in a catalytic reactor.
Download or read book The Enzyme Catalysis Process written by A. Cooper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Studies Instituteheld near Barga (Italy), July 11-23, 1988, involving over 90 participants from more than twelve countries of Europe, North America and elsewhere. It was not our intention at this meeting to present a complete up-to-the-minute review of current research in enzyme catalysis but t·ather, in accord wi th the intended spiri t of NATO ASis, to gi ve an opportunity for advanced students and researchers in a wide variety of disciplines to meet tagether and study the problern from different points of view. Hence the lectures cover topics rauging from the purely theoretical aspects of chemical reaction kinetics in condensed matter through practical experimental approaches to enzyme structure, dynamics and mechanism, including the new experimental opportunities arising from genetic engineering techniques. Our approachwas unashamedly physical, both because the more biochemical aspects of enzymology are amply covered elsewhere and because progress in our understanding and application of the molecular basis of enzymic processes must ultimately come from advances in physical knowledge. We tried to cover as wide a spectrum as possible, and succeeded in gathering an expert and enthusiastic team of speakers, but there . are some inevitable omissions. In particular, and with hindsight, our discussions might have been enriched by more detailed coverage of general aspects of chemical catalysis - but readers requiring this background should find adequate references herein.
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Effects of Vibrational Strong Coupling on Chemical Reactions written by Matthew Du and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An ongoing goal in chemistry is to develop cheaper and greener methods of catalysis. Recent experiments show modified reaction kinetics when placing molecules inside an optical cavity and achieving vibrational strong coupling (VSC). VSC occurs when N - 1 molecular vibrations strongly interact with a cavity photon mode to form two hybrid light-matter modes called polaritons, as well as N - 1 optically dark vibrational modes. Since the aforementioned changes in reactivity occur without external pumping, VSC holds promise as a future tool in industrial catalysis. However, VSC-modified chemistry is not well understood. Initial theoretical efforts demonstrate that transition-state theory (TST), the most commonly used reaction-rate theory, predicts negligible changes in reaction rate due to VSC for typical experimental conditions. Subsequent works have begun to consider how VSC influences reactions for which the assumptions of TST break down. In this dissertation, we theoretically explore how VSC affects reactions where thermalization occurs on a similar or longer time scale compared to reactive events. Such reactions, which include photochemical processes, can violate the TST assumption that internal thermal equilibrium is maintained throughout the reaction. First, we study thermally activated electron transfer. For two molecules under VSC, we find that thermalization can be accelerated by cavity decay, a dissipative channel available to polaritons but not the uncoupled molecular vibrations. As a result, nonequilibrium effects that impact the reaction rate are suppressed. For a disordered ensemble of many molecules, VSC yields dark modes that are delocalized across several molecules. We reveal an unconventional mechanism by which this delocalization suppresses reactive events but not vibrational decay, thus speeding up the reaction. We then investigate photochemistry under VSC. Specifically, we propose a "remote control" of chemistry, where photoexcitation of molecules in one optical cavity enhances the photoisomerization of molecules in another optical cavity. This idea challenges the standard paradigm that a catalyst must bind its substrate to change reactivity. Finally, we develop a comprehensive theory for a related phenomenon: polariton-assisted energy transfer between spatially separated molecules. This theory not only sheds light on experimental observations but even predicts a number of intriguing effects, including the role reversal of donor and acceptor chromophores.
Download or read book Non Noble Metal Catalysis written by Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expert overview of current research, applications, and economic and environmental advantages The study and development of new homogeneous catalysts based on first-row metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) has grown significantly due to the economic and environmental advantages that non-noble metals present. Base metals offer reduced cost, greater supply, and lower toxicity levels than noble metals?enabling greater opportunity for scientific investigation and increased development of practical applications. Non-Noble Metal Catalysis provides an authoritative survey of the field, from fundamental concepts and computational methods to industrial applications and reaction classes. Recognized experts in organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis, the authors present a comprehensive overview of the conceptual and practical aspects of non-noble metal catalysts. Examination of topics including non-innocent ligands, proton-coupled electron transfer, and multi-nuclear complexes provide essential background information, while areas such as kinetic lability and lifetimes of intermediates reflect current research and shifting trends in the field. This timely book demonstrates the efficacy of base metal catalysts in the pharmaceutical, fine-chemical, and agrochemical industries, addressing both environmental and economic concerns. Providing essential conceptual and practical exploration, this valuable resource: -Illustrates how unravelling new reactivity patterns can lead to new catalysts and new applications -Highlights the multiple advantages of using non-noble metals in homogenous catalysis -Demonstrates how the availability of non-noble metal catalysis reduces costs and leads to immense savings for the chemical industry -Reveals how non-noble metal catalysis are more sustainable than noble metals such as palladium or platinum Non-Noble Metal Catalysis: Molecular Approaches and Reactions is an indispensable source of up-to-date information for catalytic chemists, organic chemists, industrial chemists, organometallic chemists, and those seeking to broaden their knowledge of catalytic chemistry.
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Flows written by Peter P. Wegener and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing written by Sunggyu Lee and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 2006 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collecting information of vital interest to chemical, polymer, mechanical, electrical, and civil engineers, as well as chemists and chemical researchers, this "Encyclopedia "supplies nearly 350 articles on current design, engineering, science, and manufacturing practices-offering expertly written articles on technologies at the forefront of the field to maximize and enhance the research and production phases of current and emerging chemical manufacturing practices and techniques.
Download or read book Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events written by Baron Peters and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reaction Rate Theory and Rare Events bridges the historical gap between these subjects because the increasingly multidisciplinary nature of scientific research often requires an understanding of both reaction rate theory and the theory of other rare events. The book discusses collision theory, transition state theory, RRKM theory, catalysis, diffusion limited kinetics, mean first passage times, Kramers theory, Grote-Hynes theory, transition path theory, non-adiabatic reactions, electron transfer, and topics from reaction network analysis. It is an essential reference for students, professors and scientists who use reaction rate theory or the theory of rare events. In addition, the book discusses transition state search algorithms, tunneling corrections, transmission coefficients, microkinetic models, kinetic Monte Carlo, transition path sampling, and importance sampling methods. The unified treatment in this book explains why chemical reactions and other rare events, while having many common theoretical foundations, often require very different computational modeling strategies. Offers an integrated approach to all simulation theories and reaction network analysis, a unique approach not found elsewhere Gives algorithms in pseudocode for using molecular simulation and computational chemistry methods in studies of rare events Uses graphics and explicit examples to explain concepts Includes problem sets developed and tested in a course range from pen-and-paper theoretical problems, to computational exercises
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology Two Volume Set written by J. Leon Shohet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 1654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
Download or read book Advances in Hypersonics written by BALLMAN and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These three volumes entitled Advances in Hypersonics contain the Proceedings of the Second and Third Joint US/Europe Short Course in Hypersonics which took place in Colorado Springs and Aachen. The Second Course was organized at the US Air Force Academy, USA in January 1989 and the Third Course at Aachen, Germany in October 1990. The main idea of these Courses was to present to chemists, com puter scientists, engineers, experimentalists, mathematicians, and physicists state of the art lectures in scientific and technical dis ciplines including mathematical modeling, computational methods, and experimental measurements necessary to define the aerothermo dynamic environments for space vehicles such as the US Orbiter or the European Hermes flying at hypersonic speeds. The subjects can be grouped into the following areas: Phys ical environments, configuration requirements, propulsion systems (including airbreathing systems), experimental methods for external and internal flow, theoretical and numerical methods. Since hyper sonic flight requires highly integrated systems, the Short Courses not only aimed to give in-depth analysis of hypersonic research and technology but also tried to broaden the view of attendees to give them the ability to understand the complex problem of hypersonic flight. Most of the participants in the Short Courses prepared a docu ment based on their presentation for reproduction in the three vol umes. Some authors spent considerable time and energy going well beyond their oral presentation to provide a quality assessment of the state of the art in their area of expertise as of 1989 and 1991.
