Download or read book Non constant Parameter Tool Path Generation for 5 axis Milling of Sculptured Surfaces Using a Toroidal End Mill written by Amitabh Anant Khare and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of complex or sculptured surfaces to define object boundaries is universally acclaimed in today's industry. Specific applications, design requirements, industrial arts and aesthetics are some of industry's requirements that necessitate the use of sculptured surfaces in the representation of a product. Till recently industry relied mostly on 3-axis milling machines using a variety of milling cutters to machine sculptured surfaces. The need for reducing machining time, production cost and improving machining quality led to the development of 5-axis milling machines. This research proposes the use of toroidal or filleted end mills to overcome the problem of limited range of curvatures available on a tool, while making use of surface characteristics to achieve optimum cutter contact. The tool path generation technique followed in this research is a non-constant parameter offset tool path as opposed to constant parameter offset tool path. This ensures that the surface is not over machined thereby reducing machining time.
Download or read book Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing Engineering and Technologies written by Vidosav Majstorovic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-22 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings from the 5th NEWTECH conference (Belgrade, Serbia, 5–9 June 2017), the latest in a series of high-level conferences that bring together experts from academia and industry in order to exchange knowledge, ideas, experiences, research results, and information in the field of manufacturing. The range of topics addressed is wide, including, for example, machine tool research and in-machine measurements, progress in CAD/CAM technologies, rapid prototyping and reverse engineering, nanomanufacturing, advanced material processing, functional and protective surfaces, and cyber-physical and reconfigurable manufacturing systems. The book will benefit readers by providing updates on key issues and recent progress in manufacturing engineering and technologies and will aid the transfer of valuable knowledge to the next generation of academics and practitioners. It will appeal to all who work or conduct research in this rapidly evolving field.
Download or read book Automatic Tool path Generation for Machining Sculptured Surfaces Using Optimizations Based on Thin layer Cutting and High speed Machining Concepts written by Dennis Tang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toolpath and Cutter Orientation Optimization in 5 Axis CNC Machining of Free form Surfaces Using Flat end Mills written by Shan Luo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planning of optimal toolpath, cutter orientation, and feed rate for 5-axis Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining of curved surfaces using a flat-end mill is a challenging task, although the approach has a great potential for much improved machining efficiency and surface quality of the finished part. This research combines and introduces several key enabling techniques for curved surface machining using 5-axis milling and a flat end cutter to achieve maximum machining efficiency and best surface quality, and to overcome some of the key drawbacks of 5-axis milling machine and flat end cutter use. First, this work proposes an optimal toolpath generation method by machining the curved surface patch-by-patch, considering surface normal variations using a fuzzy clustering technique. This method allows faster CNC machining with reduced slow angular motion of tool rotational axes and reduces sharp cutter orientation changes. The optimal number of surface patches or surface point clusters is determined by minimizing the two rotation motions and simplifying the toolpaths. Secondly, an optimal tool orientation generation method based on the combination of the surface normal method for convex curved surfaces and Euler-Meusnier Sphere (EMS) method for concave curved surfaces without surface gouge in machining has been introduced to achieve the maximum machining efficiency and surface quality.
Download or read book Optimal Tool Set Selection and Tool Path Planning for 3 axis CNC Milling written by Yuh-Shying Gau and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Constant Scallop Height Tool paths for Machining Sculptured Surfaces written by Mohammad Abdulla Al-Kandari and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machining Impossible Shapes written by Gustav J. Olling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On November 9-11, 1998,85 participants, representing 17 countries, gathered in Aubum Hills, Michigan, at the Chrysler Tech Center, to attend a workshop "SSM'98" (or Sculptured Surface Machining '98) organized by IFIP Working Group 5.3. This was the first major workshop on sculptured surface machining since the CAM-I sponsored conference "Machining Impossible Surfaces" held in 1981. The purpose of the SSM'98 workshop, entitled "Machining Impossible Shapes", was to promote a cross-fertilization of ideas among three communities: industrial users, CAM software developers and academic researchers. There were 17 participants who were "industrial users", 15 represented CAM software developers, 4 were from the machine tool industry, with the remainder being academic researchers. The format of the meeting included 40 presentations in 9 sessions, 4 keynote speeches and a sufficient amount of time for informal discussion amongst the participants. One of the most valuable aspects of the workshop was the opportunity for participants to meet informally and to discuss their mutual interests. This led to two "participant organized" sessions on five axis machining and on machine tool controllers.
Download or read book Minimum Error Tool Path Generation Method and an Interpolator Design Technique for Ultra precision Multiaxis CNC Machining written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simulation and Tool Path Optimization for the Hexapod Milling Machine written by Shangjian Du and published by Vulkan-Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2005 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To fully exploit the advantages of multi-axis machining in a modern production environment, new types of parallel kinematic machines (PKM) and new processing technologies such as those using high speed cutting (HSC) are needed. However, the machining accuracy and hence the process reliability of PKM are still not satisfactory when using today's CAM systems due to the complexity of the dynamic behavior of machine axes. A hybrid simulation method for optimizing tool paths that overcomes the limits of today's CAM systems is presented in this work. Two major independent simulations were performed, to examine the influences on the quality of the final product. It is shown that the kinematics, the dynamics and the stiffness are important factors affecting the accuracy of PKM. These factors can be taken into account, to obtain an accurate modeling of PKM-behavior.
Download or read book Optimization of Three axis Vertical Milling of Sculptured Surfaces written by Gerardo Salas Bolanos and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tool path generation method for sculptured surfaces defined by triangular meshes is presented in this thesis along with an algorithm that helps determine the best type of cutter geometry to machine a specific surface. Existing tool path planning methods for sculptured surfaces defined by triangular meshes require extensive computer processing power and result in long processing times mainly since surface topology for triangular meshes is not provided. The method presented in this thesis avoids this problem by offsetting each triangular facet individually. The combination of all the individual offsets make up a cutter location surface. A single triangle offsetting results in many more triangles; many of these are redundant, increasing the time required for data handling in subsequent steps. To avoid the large number of triangles, the proposed method creates a bounding space to which the offset surface is limited. The original surface mesh describes the bounding surface of a solid, thus it is continuous with no gaps. Therefore, the resulting bounding spaces are also continuous and without gaps. Applying the boundary space limits the size of the offset surface resulting in a reduction in the number of triangular surfaces generated. The offset surface generation may result in unwanted intersecting triangles. The tool path planning strategy addresses this issue by applying hidden-surface removal algorithms. The cutter locations from the offset surface are obtained using the depth buffer. The simulation and machining results show that the tool paths generated by this process are correct. Furthermore, the time required to generate tool paths is less than the time required by other methods. The second part of this thesis presents a method for selecting an optimal cutter type. Extensive research has been carried out to determine the best cutter size for a given machining operation. However, cutter type selection has not been studied in-depth. This work presents a method for selecting the best cutter type based on the amount of material removed. By comparing the amount of material removed by two cutters at a given cutter location the best cutter can be selected. The results show that the optimal cutter is highly dependent on the surface geometry. For most complex surfaces it was found that a combination of cutters provides the best results.
Download or read book Tool Path Generation Method for 5 axis NC Machining with Flat end Cutter written by Nan Wang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Curvature Gouge Detection and Prevention in 5 axis CNC Machining written by Yin Jack Wang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Curvature Gouge Detection and Prevention in 5 axis CNC Machining written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five-axis CNC machining presents high efficiency and unparallel flexibility in the machining of complex curved surfaces. However, generation of gouge-free CNC tool path and cutter orientation in 5-axis CNC machining remains a challenge due to the complex nature of the geometry problem encountered and the wide variations of surface geometry. In particular, curvature gouge is the biggest obstacle that hinders the advantages of 5-axis CNC machining. At present to avoid curvature gouge. a ball mill cutter with simple cutter geometry is mostly used in machining complex curved surfaces, although this either leads to lengthy machining time or poor surface finish with larger cusps which require extensive amount of hand polishing later on. An end and/or torus mill cutters with better cutter-surface curvature match can considerably improve the efficiency of the machining and the quality of the machined surface. But generation of appropriate tool paths and orientations for the more complex cutter geometry in gouge-free 5-axis CNC machining of curved surface requires a better understanding and a rigorous model of cutter-surface interaction, which do not exist at present. In this work, a rigorous mathematical model of cutter-surface geometry that facilitate better understanding on the interactions between various mill cutters. including ball. torus and end mills. and curved surface is introduced. The model is based on the new Euler-Meusnier Sphere (EMS) concept from a generic mathematical and geometric model of the cutter and surface geometry. The EMS model determines the curvature gouge constraints with varying cutter size and maximum cutter tilting angle for any given surfaces. A generic. global curvature gouge detection and avoidance method for the 5-axis CNC machining of concave, curved surfaces has been introduced. The method also improves curvature match between the cutter and the machined surface by facilitating the use of torus and end mill cutters. Computer simulation t.
Download or read book Optimal Control of Tool workpiece Orientation for 5 axis CNC Milling with a Ball end Cutter written by Shiqiao Li and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a ball-end milling tool cuts a given path on a smooth surface, it is desirable to maintain a fixed angle psi between the tool axis and the local surface normal at each point, to ensure a constant speed of the tool cutting edges against the surface. This means that the tool axis must lie on a cone of angle psi about the surface normal at each point, but its azimuthal position on this cone remains indeterminate. To resolve this indeterminacy, while minimizing actuation of the rotary axes that orient the workpiece relative to the tool, the component of in the surface tangent plane is specified through the parallel transport of a given initial state along the path. This amounts to the integration of coupled first-order differential equations that involve the Christoffel symbols for the given surface. Alternatively, the tool axis is shown to be rotation-minimizing with respect to the surface normal, and its orientation relative to the Darboux frame along the tool path can be determined by integrating the geodesic curvature along that path. The method is illustrated by closed-form solutions for simple analytic surfaces, and numerical integration using an object-oriented software implementation for free-form surfaces.The real-time implementation of such rotation-minimizing 5-axis tool motions for free-form surfaces is well within the scope of modern CNC systems. The inverse kinematics problem (i.e., the determination of required inputs to the machine rotary axes) to achieve a rotation-minimizing tool motion is also addressed. In the context of an orientable-spindle machine, the results of the tool orientation control method are directly applicable to this inverse-kinematics problem. However, since they are expressed in terms of the integral of the geodesic curvature, a discrete time-step solution is proposed that yields accurate rotary-axis increments at high sampling frequencies. For an orientable-table machine, a closed-form solution that specifies the rotary-axis positions as functions of the surface normal variation along the toolpath is possible. In this context, however, the feasibility of a solution is dependent upon the surface normal along the toolpath satisfying certain orientational constraints. These inverse-kinematics solutions facilitate accurate and efficient 5-axis machining of free-form surfaces without "unnecessary'' actuation of the machine rotary axes.
Download or read book Five Axis Tool Path Generation with Collision Detection for Finish Machining of Freeform Surfaces written by Jomy Francis and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Research in the field of Tool path generation for freeform surfaces has been done intensively in the past. However, the main challenge that still exists is the computational efficiency related to the tool path generation. Tool path generation for freeform surface involves instantaneous calculation of new tool orientations which does not collide with the neighboring surfaces. Since the collision check of tool and neighboring surface is done repetitively at every instant of the tool, the calculations at every instant are to be computationally as easy as possible. This thesis is composed of one paper. Paper I presents a novel extension of the Bounding Box technique used for collision detection. This novel method solves the above mentioned challenge of computational efficiency in the field of tool path generation. The new approach that has been implemented in Paper I involves using the simplest computational operators that are comparison operators along with a novel Diagonal Bounding Box technique. This ensures the tool path generation to be less cumbersome computationally. Furthermore, the boundaries of the proposed machining algorithm in terms of collision correction and the proper application of the machining algorithm have been explored"--Abstract, leaf iv.
Download or read book Tool Path Planning written by Vivek Pal Singh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today machining relies heavily on CNC machine for conventional job, but very selective machines are made for sculptured wooden surfaces. Though there are some CNC machines specially for machining sculptured work but their cost are way beyond the limit of artists. This book presents a method of tool path planning for machining complex sculptured surfaces by triangular mesh offset for cheap and efficient NC- machine which can be used by artists easily without learning its technical. Once the surface is offset by ball nosed milling cutter radius, the tool path planning is performed by ray intersection method separately for roughing and finishing pass with variable pitch, assuming the milling cutter as a ray which intersect the offset STL surface, to generate the cutter location points, the CL points are arrange systematically to generate tool path for 3 Axis NC-Milling Lathe and 3 Axis NC-Vertical Milling for raster and circular milling. Test pieces are verified by actual machining and graphical representation.
Download or read book Optimized Tool Path Generation for Machining Sculptured Surfaces written by Qingping Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
