Download or read book Non adrenergic Non cholinergic Vascular Control with Reference to Neuropeptide Y Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide and Nitric Oxide written by Agnes Modin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitric Oxide and Free Radicals in Peripheral Neurotransmission written by Stanley Kalsner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nitric Oxide and Free Radicals in Peripheral Neurotransmission" is a welcome addition to the literature and describes current research into the role of nitric oxide in the peripheral nervous system and its associated organs. Topics covered range from general consideration of nitrergic transmission, in its broadest sense, to elaboration of our current understanding of the role of nitric oxide in transmission in individual peripheral organs, including its role as a backup, or alternate as well as chief transmitter. The influence of nitric oxide and related compounds on the more conventional modes of autonomic transmission are also considered. Aimed at students and researchers in the areas of neuroscience and physiology, "Nitric Oxide and Free Radicals in Peripheral Neurotransmission" also covers the emerging role of abnormal nitric oxide function in disease states and, where appropriate, as potential avenues of therapy.
Download or read book Autonomic Nervous System written by Geoffrey Burnstock and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After some early hints, cotransmission was proposed in 1976 and then “chemical coding” later established for sympathetic nerves (noradrenaline/norepinephrine, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), and neuropeptide Y), parasympathetic nerves (acetylcholine, ATP, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)), enteric nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory nerves (ATP, nitric oxide, and VIP), and sensory-motor nerves (calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, and ATP). ATP is a primitive signaling molecule that has been retained as a cotransmitter in most, if not all, nerve types in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Neuropeptides coreleased with small molecule neurotransmitters in autonomic nerves do not usually act as cotransmitters but rather as prejunctional neuromodulators or trophic factors. Autonomic cotransmission offers subtle, local variation in physiological control mechanisms, rather than the dominance of inflexible central control mechanisms envisaged earlier. The variety of information imparted by a single neuron then greatly increases the sophistication and complexity of local control mechanisms. Cotransmitter composition shows considerable plasticity in development and aging, in pathophysiological conditions and following trauma or surgery. For example, ATP appears to become a more prominent cotransmitter in inflammatory and stress conditions.
Download or read book Functional Neuroanatomy of the Nitric Oxide System written by H.W.M. Steinbusch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-06-30 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the Handbook of Neuroanatomy is concerned with nitric oxide synthase. In this volume different research areas are presented together, which adds up to the first major review volume on the localization of nitric oxide synthase in the nervous system. The subjects range from developmental aspects in vertebrates to a functional neuroanatomy of the nervous system in vertebrates. This presentation gives an impressive look on the overwhelming presence of NOS in animal organism and the significance of NO - cGMP signaling. By clearly stating the limitations of our present knowledge the book is also a stimulant for further research. This book presents for the first time an overview of NOS and NO-cGMP signaling in the retina and urogenital system. In addition the effects if injuries on the expression of NOS are summarized in a number of models, which has not been done before.The frame of the book is a classical neuroanatomic description of the localization of NOS. Several authors give detailed advice to prevent pitfalls which may occur when different methods to locate NOS are used. In addition, several chapters detail the target structures for NO while describing the localization of NOS at the same time.All these points together make this volume very timely, i.e. overviewing a decade of NO research.
Download or read book The Role of Nitric Oxide written by Mary Amma Knudsen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Endothelium written by Michel Félétou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Download or read book The Human Nervous System written by Juergen K Mai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-12-13 with total page 1429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previous two editions of the Human Nervous System have been the standard reference for the anatomy of the central and peripheral nervous system of the human. The work has attracted nearly 2,000 citations, demonstrating that it has a major influence in the field of neuroscience. The 3e is a complete and updated revision, with new chapters covering genes and anatomy, gene expression studies, and glia cells. The book continues to be an excellent companion to the Atlas of the Human Brain, and a common nomenclature throughout the book is enforced. Physiological data, functional concepts, and correlates to the neuroanatomy of the major model systems (rat and mouse) as well as brain function round out the new edition. - Adopts standard nomenclature following the new scheme by Paxinos, Watson, and Puelles and aligned with the Mai et al. Atlas of the Human Brain (new edition in 2007) - Full color throughout with many new and significantly enhanced illustrations - Provides essential reference information for users in conjunction with brain atlases for the identification of brain structures, the connectivity between different areas, and to evaluate data collected in anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, behavioral, and imaging studies
Download or read book Acta Physiologica Scandinavica written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Airways Smooth Muscle written by David Raeburn and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many factors may influence the release of neurotransmitters from airway nerves [1]. This is likely to be important in physiological control of airway functions and may be particularly relevant in airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Neural elements in airways interact in a complex manner and the activation of certain neural pathways may profoundly influence the release of transmitters from other neural pathways. Similarly inflamma tory mediators released from inflammatory cells in the airways may also modulate neurotransmitter release. There are marked differences be tween species in airway innervation and in neuromodulatory effects and, wherever possible, studies in human airways have been emphasised, although information on neuromodulation in human airways is some what limited at present. Release of neurotransmitters from nerve terminals occurs via a Ca2+ dependent secretion evoked by a nerve action potential, but may also be evoked experimentally by a high extracellular K + concentration which directly depolarises the nerve terminal membrane. Modulation refers to the alteration of neurotransmitter release, which may either be increased (facilitation) or reduced (inhibition) by the action of a particular agent, thus changing the magnitude of the neurally-mediated response. Such agents would normally act on receptors on the nerve terminal which are referred to as pre-junctional (or presynaptic) receptors, in contrast to post-junctional (or post-synaptic) receptors located on the target cells which are influenced by that particular transmitter.
Download or read book Comparative Physiology and Evolution of the Autonomic Nervous System written by Charlotte B. Nilsson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparative Physiology and Evolution of the Autonomic Nervous System, the fourth volume in the Autonomic Nervous System series, is an up-to-date account of the comparative physiology and functional anatomy of the autonomic nervous system, with an emphasis on non-mammalian vertebrates. The book starts with an overview of the field and then discusses both 'classical' (adrenergic and cholinergic) non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic (NANC) types of neurotransmission. The account is then further developed by an examination of the autonomic nervous control of specific systems and organs. Readership: Researchers, working professionals, undergraduates and graduates working in neurology, cardiology, internal medicine, clinical pharmacology, and hypertension.
Download or read book Autonomic Neurology written by Eduardo E. Benarroch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to present a focused approach to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of the most common autonomic disorders that may present to the clinical neurologist. Autonomic Neurology is divided into 3 sections. The first section includes 5 chapters reviewing the anatomical and biochemical mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system control of autonomic function, principles of autonomic pharmacology, and a clinical and laboratory approach to the diagnosis of autonomic disorders. The second section focuses on the pathophysiology and management of orthostatic hypotension, postural tachycardia, baroreflex failure; syncope, disorders of sweating, neurogenic bladder and sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysmotility, and autonomic hyperactivity. The final section is devoted to specific autonomic disorders, including central neurodegenerative disorders; common peripheral neuropathies with prominent autonomic failure; painful small fiber neuropathies; autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathies and neuropathies; focal brain disorders; focal spinal cord disorders; and chronic pain disorders with autonomic manifestations. This book is the product of the extensive experience of its contributors in the evaluation and management of the many patients with autonomic symptoms who are referred for neurologic consultation at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Autonomic Neurology focuses on clinical scenarios and presentation of clinical cases and includes several figures showing the results of normal and abnormal autonomic testing in typical conditions. Its abundance of tables summarizing the differential diagnosis, testing, and management of autonomic disorders also help set this book apart from other books focused on the autonomic nervous system.
Download or read book Male Sexual Dysfunction written by Fouad R. Kandeel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-22 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although impotence may be the most widely recognized manifestation of male sexual dysfunction, many other forms of sexual disorders do not involve the erectile mechanism, from deficiencies of desire to disturbances in ejaculatory function to the failure of detumescence. With such a myriad-and often co-existing-number of disorders, the successful tr
Download or read book A Textbook of Neuroanatomy written by Maria A. Patestas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly revised and updated, A Textbook of Neuroanatomy, Second Edition is a concise text designed to help students easily master the anatomy and basic physiology of the nervous system. Accessible and clear, the book highlights interrelationships between systems, structures, and the rest of the body as the chapters move through the various regions of the brain. Building on the solid foundation of the first edition, A Textbook of Neuroanatomy now includes two new chapters on the brainstem and reflexes, as well as dozens of new micrographs illustrating key structures. Throughout the book the clinical relevance of the material is emphasized through clinical cases, questions, and follow-up discussions in each chapter, motivating students to learn the information. A companion website is also available, featuring study aids and artwork from the book as PowerPoint slides. A Textbook of Neuroanatomy, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for students of general, clinical and behavioral neuroscience and neuroanatomy.
Download or read book Handbook of Clinical Neurology written by P. J. Vinken and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tissue Functioning and Remodeling in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems written by Marc Thiriet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volumes in this authoritative series present a multidisciplinary approach to modeling and simulation of flows in the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems, especially multiscale modeling and coupled simulations. Volume 5 is devoted to cells, tissues, and organs of the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems with an emphasis on mechanotransduction-based regulation of flow. The blood vessel wall is a living tissue that quickly reacts to loads applied on it by the flowing blood. In any segment of a blood vessel, the endothelial and smooth muscle cells can sense unusual time variations in small-magnitude wall shear stress and large-amplitude wall stretch generated by abnormal hemodynamic stresses. These cells respond with a short-time scale (from seconds to hours) to adapt the vessel caliber. Since such adaptive cell activities can be described using mathematical models, a key objective of this volume is to identify the mesoscopic agents and nanoscopic mediators required to derive adequate mathematical models. The resulting biomathematical models and corresponding simulation software can be incorporated into platforms developed in virtual physiology for improved understanding and training.
Download or read book Basic Neurosciences with Clinical Applications written by Eduardo E. Benarroch and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This single-author book covers basic aspects of neuroscience, including concepts of molecular biology, neurochemistry, and electrophysiology, and makes direct clinical correlations in a concise and coherent manner. This concise, coherent text provides a link between basic science and clinical correlations.Readers will benefit from the author's expertise as an academic clinical neurologist.This text provides a concise review of basic neuroscience concepts that are included in several qualifying examinations, including the National Boards.
