Download or read book NGSL Crossword and Word Search Puzzles for ESL EFL Learners Level 7 written by Brent Culligan and published by . This book was released on 2021-03-28 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you trying to learn English but don't know where to begin or what to study? Have you ever learned a new word but forgot it the next day? These two problems can be solved by science. The first science looks at the number of words in a text. There are 300 words in this description. The most common word, THE, has a coverage of 8% because it appears 24 times and covers 8% of the words in the description. The next most common word is the verb BE. Its count of 21 includes all its inflected forms (for example, is, are, was, and were) so it has a coverage of 7%. The combined coverage of THE and BE is 15%. Coverage is important because it tells you two things. First, it tells you if you are likely to understand a text. You need to know at least 95% of the words in a text to be able to read it without a dictionary. Second, it tells you which words you need to study to get to that 95%. Not all words are equal. Some words are more important than others when you begin to learn a second language, and the word's coverage tells us how important it is. The words on the New General Service List are the most important words based on this research into coverage. The second problem can be solved with the science of memory. This research tells us the best way to remember something is to repeat the learning at increasingly longer time intervals. In other words, you need to look at the words many times at different times. This puzzle book uses the same words in different puzzles. As you work your way through the book, you will meet the words many times. This will help you to remember their meanings.
Download or read book Researching and Analyzing Vocabulary written by I. S. P. Nation and published by Heinle & Heinle Pub. This book was released on 2011 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for researchers and graduate students in the field of vocabulary studies, Researching and Analyzing Vocabulary covers a wide range of vocabulary research topics that include experimental, qualitative, and corpus-based work. The study of vocabulary has direct implications for teaching and learning while enhancing student knowledge of research practices.
Download or read book Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Learning written by Andrea Tyler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the ways that cognitive linguistics, a relatively new paradigm in language studies, can illuminate and facilitate language research and teaching. The first part of the book introduces the basics of cognitive linguistic theory in a way that is geared toward second language teachers and researchers. The second part of the book provides experimental evidence of the usefulness of applying cognitive linguistics to the teaching of English. Included is a thorough review of the existing literature on cognitive linguistic applications to teaching and cognitive linguistic-based experiments. Three chapters report original experiments which focus on teaching modals, prepositions and syntactic constructions, elements of English that learners tend to find challenging. A chapter on “future directions” reports on an innovative analysis of English conditionals. Pedagogical aids such as diagrams and sample exercises round out this pioneering and innovative text.
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Applied Linguistics Research Methodology written by Aek Phakiti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a comprehensive treatment of basic and more advanced research methodologies in applied linguistics and offers a state-of-the-art review of methods particular to various domains within the field. Arranged thematically in 4 parts, across 41 chapters, it covers a range of research approaches, presents current perspectives, and addresses key issues in different research methods, such as designing and implementing research instruments and techniques, and analysing different types of applied linguistics data. Innovations, challenges and trends in applied linguistics research are examined throughout the Handbook. As such it offers an up-to-date and highly accessible entry point into both established and emerging approaches that will offer fresh possibilities and perspectives as well as thorough consideration of best practices. This wide-ranging volume will prove an invaluable resource to applied linguists at all levels, including scholars in related fields such as language learning and teaching, multilingualism, corpus linguistics, critical discourse analysis, discourse analysis and pragmatics, language assessment, language policy and planning, multimodal communication, and translation.
Download or read book Language Curriculum Design written by John Macalister and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystal-clear and comprehensive yet concise, this text describes the steps involved in the curriculum design process, elaborates and justifies these steps, and provides opportunities for practicing and applying them. The description of the steps is done at a general level so that they can be applied in a wide range of particular circumstances. The process comes to life through plentiful examples of actual applications of the steps. Each chapter includes: examples from the authors’ experience and from published research tasks that encourage readers to relate the steps to their own experience case studies and suggestions for further reading that put readers in touch with others’ experience Curriculum, or course, design is largely a 'how-to-do-it' activity that involves the integration of knowledge from many of the areas in the field of Applied Linguistics, such as language acquisition research, teaching methodology, assessment, language description, and materials production. Combining sound research/theory with state-of-the-art practice, Language Curriculum Design is widely applicable for ESL/EFL language education courses around the world.
Download or read book Lexical Issues in L2 Writing written by Päivi Pietilä and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into lexical issues has been one of the most rapidly growing areas of second language acquisition studies in recent years, and understandably so: the importance of vocabulary can hardly be denied. Words are the key to every instance of communication, both spoken and written. This volume concentrates on vocabulary in written language, mostly in academic settings. The writers of the chapters come from different countries and universities, and, naturally, represent their own academic backgrounds, though they all share a common interest in investigating the characteristics of L2 lexis as it manifests itself in the written production of students at various stages of their language learning careers. The target language (L2) in the studies reported in the volume is English, except in one study on the lexical competence of multilingual learners of French. The subjectsâ (TM) native languages include Czech, Danish, Finnish, Hungarian, and Swedish, thus representing several different language families. Each chapter constitutes an independent unit, but together the studies reported in them give the reader a varied and extensive picture of lexical issues in L2 writing. The authors approach their topics from different perspectives and use diverse research methods, adding to the multifaceted nature of the volume. The book will be of interest to researchers, educators and students of second language acquisition and applied linguistics.
Download or read book Working with Words written by Ruth Gairns and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide on how to select, organise and teach vocabulary to students of all levels.
Download or read book Assessing Vocabulary written by John A. S. Read and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-02-28 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a framework that expands the traditional concept of a vocabulary test.
Download or read book Measuring Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition written by James Milton and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2009-10-06 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition provides an examination of the background to testing vocabulary knowledge in a second language and in particular considers the effect that word frequency and lexical coverage have on learning and communication in a foreign language. It examines the tools we have for assessing the various facets of vocabulary knowledge such as aural and written word recognition, the link with word meaning, and vocabulary depth. These are illustrated and the scores they produce are demonstrated to provide normative data. Vocabulary acquisition from course books and in the classroom in examined, as is vocabulary uptake from informal tasks. This book ties scores on tests of vocabulary breadth to performance on standard foreign language examinations and on hierarchies of communicative performance such as the CEFR.
Download or read book Vocabulary in a Second Language written by Paul Bogaards and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eleven chapters of Vocabulary in a Second Language are written by the world's leading researchers in the field of vocabulary studies in second language acquisition. Each chapter presents experimental research leading to new conclusions about and insights into the selection, the learning and teaching, or the testing of vocabulary knowledge in foreign languages. This book is intended as an up-to-date overview of the important domain of the lexicon for researchers in the field of second language acquisition, teacher trainers and professional teachers of second or foreign languages.
Download or read book English Language Teaching Textbooks written by N. Harwood and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English language teaching textbooks (or coursebooks) play a central role in the life of a classroom. This edited volume contains research-informed chapters focusing on: analysis of textbook content; how textbooks are used in the classroom; and textbook writers' accounts of the materials writing, design, and publishing process.
Download or read book Insights into Non native Vocabulary Teaching and Learning written by Rubén Chacón-Beltrán and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a field like L2 vocabulary teaching and learning where interest and research studies are burgeoning, this book offers a useful collection of papers that contains new ways of investigating vocabulary development, techniques for vocabulary teaching such as the Focus on Form hypothesis, word associations, and the use of concordance data. In addition, it tackles recent areas of analysis such as the treatment of vocabulary in teaching materials—an area of almost complete neglect in the literature. The book is divided into three parts. Part one provides the overview and deals with the development of a model for vocabulary teaching and learning. Part two focuses on empirical studies on lexical processing in English and Spanish. Part three centers on materials design for vocabulary teaching and learning. The advances made in this book will certainly be of interest to researchers, teachers, and graduate students working on this very active field of inquiry.
Download or read book Individual Freedom in Language Teaching written by Christopher Brumfit and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book draws upon linguistic, psychological, philosophical, and sociolinguistic principles and uses practical examples from second, foreign, and mother tongue teaching. It attempts to integrate theoretical and empirical work with the practical needs of institutions and of teachers without losing sight of learners' needs for free personal choice combined with effective communication.
Download or read book Communicative proficiency and linguistic development written by Inge Bartning and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2010 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has become the yardstick for teaching and testing language skills in Europe and elsewhere. Yet little is known about the relationships between the communicative levels established using the can-do statements of the CEFR and the developmental stages of grammatical and lexical development described by Second Language Acquisition (SLA) research. This book presents empirical research by members of the SLATE network (Second Language Acquisition and Testing in Europe), aimed at bridging this gap. The studies deal with several target languages, including Dutch, English, Finnish, French, Italian, Norwegian and Spanish, with adult, adolescent and child learners in both formal and informal contexts.
Download or read book Vocabulary Studies in First and Second Language Acquisition written by Brian Richards and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International scholars and researchers present cutting edge contributions on the significance of vocabulary in current thinking on first and second language acquisition in the school and at home. By pursuing common themes across first and second language and bilingual contexts, the editors offer a collection that tackles the most important issues.
Download or read book Researching Vocabulary written by N. Schmitt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book overviews a wide range of vocabulary research methodologies, and offers practical advice on how to carry out valid and reliable research on first and second language vocabulary. It includes a Resources section which outlines the lexical tests, corpora, software, internet sites, and other resources available to vocabulary researchers.
Download or read book Applying Cognitive Linguistics written by Ana María Piquer-Píriz and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, Cognitive Linguistics (CL) has established itself not only as a solid theoretical approach but also as an important source from which different applications to other fields have emerged. In this volume we identify some of the current, most relevant topics in applied CL-oriented studies – analyses of figurative language (both metaphor and metonymy) in use, constructions and typology –, and present high-quality research papers that illustrate best practices in the research foci identified and their application to different fields including intercultural communication, the psychology of emotions, second and first language acquisition, discourse analysis and translation studies. It is also shown how different methodologies –the use of linguistic corpora, psycholinguistic experiments or discourse analytic procedures– can shed some light on the basic premises of CL as well as providing insights into how CL can be applied in real world contexts. Finally, all the studies included in the volume are based on empirical data and there are some analyses of languages other than English (Japanese, Russian, Spanish, Danish, German and Polish), thus overcoming the contentions that CL-theoretically-based research is often based on linguistic intuition and focused only on the English language. We hope that the present volume will not only contribute to a better understanding of how CL can be applied but that it will also help to encourage, even further, more robust empirical research in this field. Originally published as a special issue of Review of Cognitive Linguistics 14:1 (2016).
