Download or read book Next Generation Sequencing of Human Antibody Repertoires for Exploring B cell Landscape Antibody Discovery and Vaccine Development written by Jacob Glanville and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Decoding the Antibody Repertoire written by Brandon DeKosky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-29 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis outlines the development of the very first technology for high-throughput analysis of paired heavy and light-chain antibody sequences, opening an entirely new window for antibody discovery and the investigation of adaptive immune responses to vaccines and diseases. Previous methods for high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing have been unable to provide information on the identity of immune receptor pairs encoded by individual B or T lymphocytes. The author directly addresses these limitations by designing two new technologies for sequencing multiple mRNA transcripts from up to 10 million isolated, single cells. The techniques developed in this work have enabled comprehensive interrogation of human B-cell repertoires and have been applied for rapid discovery of new human antibodies, to gain new insights into the development of human antibody repertoires, and for analysis of human immune responses to vaccination and disease.
Download or read book Decoding the Antibody Repertoire written by Brandon James DeKosky and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next-generation (high throughput) DNA sequencing of immunoglobulin variable region and T-cell receptor gene repertoires is providing critical information for understanding adaptive immune responses and for diagnostic and therapeutic applications1−4. However, existing immune repertoire sequencing technologies yield data on only one of the two chains of immune receptors and thus cannot provide information on the identity of immune receptor pairs encoded by individual B or T lymphocytes5−7. This work directly addressed these limitations by developing two new technologies for sequencing the complementary DNA (cDNA) of multiple mRNA transcripts from isolated single cells with very high throughput. In these methods, cells are sequestered into individual compartments and lysed in situ to capture single-cell mRNA onto magnetic beads, then the magnetic beads are used as template for RT-PCR reactions inside emulsion droplets that physically link cDNA of multiple transcripts for subsequent analysis by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Experimental throughput of over 2x106 cells in a single day with antibody heavy and light chain pairing accuracy greater than 97% was demonstrated with in vitro expanded human B cells. These new single-cell sequencing technologies were also applied for rapid discovery of new human antibodies and for analysis of the human immune response to vaccination. Finally we applied the techniques developed here to gain new insights regarding development of the antibody repertoire through high-throughput and high-resolution examination of naïve and memory B-cell compartments in healthy human donors.
Download or read book Resistance to Anti CD20 Antibodies and Approaches for Their Reversal written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-08-30 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resistance to Anti-CD20 Antibodies and Approaches for Their Reversal presents in-depth content written by international experts in the study of resistance to anti-CD20 antibodies and approaches for their reversal. Anti-CD20 antibodies are used to achieve B cell depletion and are developed to treat B cell proliferative disorders, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In the past two decades, anti-CD20 antibodies have revolutionized the treatment of all B cell malignancies, however, there are patients that fail to respond to initial therapy or relapse sooner. This book explores new and existing avenues surrounding Anti-CD20 antibodies. In recent years, several next-generation anti-CD20 therapies have been developed but predicting and reversing resistance is still a challenging task. These areas are being actively studied as they represent a potential to improve anti-CD20 therapies and are discussed thoroughly in the book. It is a valuable resource for researchers, students and member of the biomedical and medical fields who want to learn more about resistance to anti-CD20 antibodies and their reversal. • Presentation of current research, critical analyses, in-depth literature reviews, and the latest clinical reports on anti-CD20 antibody treatment• Discussion of recent developments of anti-CD20 antibodies in cancer and noncancer diseases treatment, possible resistance mechanisms and their reversals, as well as the exciting therapeutic opportunities offered by anti-CD20 antibodies in combination with chemotherapy or other treatment modalities• Utilization of a number of diagrams to visually illustrate complex content and plenty of tables to summarize important information
Download or read book High throughput Analysis of Native Antibody Repertoires for Therapeutics Discovery written by Bo Wang (Ph. D. in chemical engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive immunity is the foundation of recognition and protection against a diverse array of pathogens. The humoral arm of adaptive immunity whose most significant effector mechanism relies on antibodies is critical for protection against many viral and bacterial pathogens. Additionally, antibodies are extremely important for clinical medicine either as therapeutics or for detection purposes. As a result, there is great interest in the development of technologies for isolating therapeutically or diagnostically useful antibodies from immunized animals or from patients. In this work I describe several high throughput approaches for the “mining” of the mammalian adaptive antibody response for the purpose of isolating antibodies with high affinity and selectivity towards desired antigens. The first technology capitalizes on the fact that the antibody repertoire encoded by B cells in the draining lymph node from the immunization site is highly enriched for antibodies specific to the immunogen. The second technology takes advantage of repertoire analysis by next-generation sequencing and yeast display for antibody discovery. The third technology integrates high-throughput V [subscript H] :V [subscript L] pairing with yeast surface display to enable rapid, high-throughput screening of all native antibodies in the repertoire. These three technologies have been used to identify a large panel of antibodies against several different pathogens, including Ebola virus, ricin, influenza virus, and HIV-1 virus. These technologies will continue to play a critical role in adaptive immunity exploration for new therapeutics discovery, and in characterization of immune responses elicited by vaccination or natural infection to guide design of more effective vaccines.
Download or read book The Evolution and Development of the Antibody Repertoire written by Harry W. Schroeder Jr. and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although at first glance mechanisms used to create the variable domains of immunoglobulin appear to be designed to generate diversity at random, closer inspection reveals striking evolutionary constraints on the sequence and structure of these antigen receptors, suggesting that natural selection is operating to create a repertoire that anticipates or is biased towards recognition of specific antigenic properties. This Research Topics issue will be devoted to an examination of the evolution of antigen receptor sequence at the germline level, an evaluation of the repertoire in B cells from fish, pigs and human, an introduction into bioinformatics approaches to the evaluation and analysis of the repertoire as ascertained by high throughput sequencing, and a discussion of how study of the normal repertoire informs the construction or selection of in vitro antibodies for applied purposes.
Download or read book Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Tim F. Greten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we provide insights into liver – cancer and immunology. Experts in the field provide an overview over fundamental immunological questions in liver cancer and tumorimmunology, which form the base for immune based approaches in HCC, which gain increasing interest in the community due to first promising results obtained in early clinical trials. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death in the United States. Treatment options are limited. Viral hepatitis is one of the major risk factors for HCC, which represents a typical “inflammation-induced” cancer. Immune-based treatment approaches have revolutionized oncology in recent years. Various treatment strategies have received FDA approval including dendritic cell vaccination, for prostate cancer as well as immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA4 or the PD1/PDL1 axis in melanoma, lung, and kidney cancer. Additionally, cell based therapies (adoptive T cell therapy, CAR T cells and TCR transduced T cells) have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies and melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in particular have generated enormous excitement across the entire field of oncology, providing a significant benefit to a minority of patients.
Download or read book Monoclonal Antibody Production written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Download or read book Immunogenetics written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Antibody Molecule written by Anthony R. Rees and published by Oxford Medical Histories. This book was released on 2015 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The Antibody Molecule' is a beautifully illustrated review of the remarkable developments within immunology from the discovery of the antibody molecule to its exploitation in medicine and the scientists and pioneers who were involved. This engaging and authoritative history will appeal to a wide audience
Download or read book The Immunoglobulin FactsBook written by Marie-Paule Lefranc and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001-05-23 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FactsBook series has established itself as the best source of easily accessible and accurate facts about protein groups. Books in the series use an easy-to-follow format and are meticulously researched and compiled by experts in the field.The Immunoglobulin FactsBook is the first published reference for all 203 human functional and ORF immunoglobulin genes. It is complete and standardized and employs nomenclature approved by the HUGO Nomenclature Committee.
Download or read book Networks written by Mark Newman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 789 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scientific study of networks, including computer networks, social networks, and biological networks, has received an enormous amount of interest in the last few years. The rise of the Internet and the wide availability of inexpensive computers have made it possible to gather and analyze network data on a large scale, and the development of a variety of new theoretical tools has allowed us to extract new knowledge from many different kinds of networks. The study of networks is broadly interdisciplinary and important developments have occurred in many fields, including mathematics, physics, computer and information sciences, biology, and the social sciences. This book brings together for the first time the most important breakthroughs in each of these fields and presents them in a coherent fashion, highlighting the strong interconnections between work in different areas. Subjects covered include the measurement and structure of networks in many branches of science, methods for analyzing network data, including methods developed in physics, statistics, and sociology, the fundamentals of graph theory, computer algorithms, and spectral methods, mathematical models of networks, including random graph models and generative models, and theories of dynamical processes taking place on networks.
Download or read book Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation Intersections between Public Health Intellectual Property and Trade written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.
Download or read book Antibody Drug Discovery written by Clive R. Wood and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibody-based therapeutics are a central driver of the success of biopharmaceuticals. The discovery technology of this field is isolated to a limited number of centers of excellence in industry and academia. The objective of this volume is to provide a series of guides to those evaluating and preparing to enter particular areas within the field. Each chapter is written with a historical perspective that sets into context the significance of the key developments, and with the provision of “points to consider” for the reader as a value-added feature of the volume. All contributors are experts in their fields and have played pivotal roles in the creation of the technology.
Download or read book Lumpy Skin Disease written by Eeva S. M. Tuppurainen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive but concise overview on the economically important emerging cattle pox virus derived Lumpy Skin Disease, including the characteristics of causative agent, description of clinical signs in cattle, pathology and histopathology, immunity, geographical distribution, epidemiology and transmission pathways, control and eradication of the disease. In addition the recent developments in vaccination, mathematical modeling and risk assessment are discussed. Lumpy Skin Disease currently spreads aggressively across the Middle and Near East. The first incursion to the European Union territory occurred in Greece in autumn 2015. The book targets clinicians and field veterinarians in Lumpy Skin Disease affected regions, veterinary authorities as well as advanced students in veterinary medicine and virology.
Download or read book Influenza written by Gabriele Neumann (Professor at the Influenza Research Institute) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Influenza is a serious disease that affects millions worldwide every year. This book discusses cutting edge research on the viruses that cause the disease, its effects on the host, and current vaccine design strategies"--
Download or read book Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance written by Mihail C. Roco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: M. C. Roco and W.S. Bainbridge In the early decades of the 21st century, concentrated efforts can unify science based on the unity of nature, thereby advancing the combination of nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology, and new technologies based in cognitive science. With proper attention to ethical issues and societal needs, converging in human abilities, societal technologies could achieve a tremendous improvement outcomes, the nation's productivity, and the quality of life. This is a broad, cross cutting, emerging and timely opportunity of interest to individuals, society and humanity in the long term. The phrase "convergent technologies" refers to the synergistic combination of four major "NBIC" (nano-bio-info-cogno) provinces of science and technology, each of which is currently progressing at a rapid rate: (a) nanoscience and nanotechnology; (b) biotechnology and biomedicine, including genetic engineering; (c) information technology, including advanced computing and communications; (d) cognitive science, including cognitive neuroscience. Timely and Broad Opportunity. Convergence of diverse technologies is based on material unity at the nanoscale and on technology integration from that scale.
