Download or read book New Progress on Smarandache Problems in Chinese language written by Chen Guohui and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes a part of the research results about the Smarandache problems in number theory, written by Chinese scholars until 2007, and its main purpose is to bring new progress on Smarandache functions, sequences, constants, asymptotic properties, series convergences, solutions to special equations.
Download or read book Smarandache Unsolved problems and New Progress in Chinese language written by Editors: Liu Yanni, Li Ling, Liu Baoli and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2008 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New improved results of the research in Chinese language on Smarandache¿s codification used in computer programming, smarandacheials, totient and congruence functions, sequences, irrational constants in number theory, multi-space and geometries.
Download or read book Research on Smarandache Problems in Chinese language written by Yi Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research on Smarandache Unsolved Problems in Chinese language written by Jianghua Li and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print and television in India came under fire in the year 2006 when they adopted a biased attitude against the state policy of affirmative action that made provisions to admit students of the downtrodden communities into central government-run institutes of higher education. The media, forgot the ethics of being balanced, attacked this policy of positive discrimination and gave intense coverage to every anti-reservation protest that took place in India. In a way, the national media led the struggle against social justice. Here we use Fuzzy Super FRM Models to analyze the role of the news media in covering the issue of reservation for Other Backward Classes in Indian central government institutions like IITs, IIMs and AIIMS.
Download or read book Collected Papers Volume IX written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ninth volume of Collected Papers includes 87 papers comprising 982 pages on Neutrosophic Theory and its applications in Algebra, written between 2014-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 81 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 19 countries: E.O. Adeleke, A.A.A. Agboola, Ahmed B. Al-Nafee, Ahmed Mostafa Khalil, Akbar Rezaei, S.A. Akinleye, Ali Hassan, Mumtaz Ali, Rajab Ali Borzooei , Assia Bakali, Cenap Özel, Victor Christianto, Chunxin Bo, Rakhal Das, Bijan Davvaz, R. Dhavaseelan, B. Elavarasan, Fahad Alsharari, T. Gharibah, Hina Gulzar, Hashem Bordbar, Le Hoang Son, Emmanuel Ilojide, Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn Jaíyéolá, M. Karthika, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Huma Khan, Madad Khan, Mohsin Khan, Hee Sik Kim, Seon Jeong Kim, Valeri Kromov, R. M. Latif, Madeleine Al-Tahan, Mehmat Ali Ozturk, Minghao Hu, S. Mirvakili, Mohammad Abobala, Mohammad Hamidi, Mohammed Abdel-Sattar, Mohammed A. Al Shumrani, Mohamed Talea, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Aslam Malik, Muhammad Gulistan, Muhammad Shabir, G. Muhiuddin, Memudu Olaposi Olatinwo, Osman Anis, Choonkil Park, M. Parimala, Ping Li, K. Porselvi, D. Preethi, S. Rajareega, N. Rajesh, Udhayakumar Ramalingam, Riad K. Al-Hamido, Yaser Saber, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Saeid Jafari, Said Broumi, A.A. Salama, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Songtao Shao, Seok-Zun Song, Tahsin Oner, M. Mohseni Takallo, Binod Chandra Tripathy, Tugce Katican, J. Vimala, Xiaohong Zhang, Xiaoyan Mao, Xiaoying Wu, Xingliang Liang, Xin Zhou, Yingcang Ma, Young Bae Jun, Juanjuan Zhang.
Download or read book Smarandache Geometries Map Theories with Applications I English and Chinese written by Linfan Mao and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} Smarandache Geometries as generalizations of Finsler, Riemannian, Weyl, and Kahler Geometries. A Smarandache geometry (SG) is a geometry which has at least one smarandachely denied axiom (1969). An axiom is said smarandachely denied (S-denied) if in the same space the axiom behaves differently (i.e., validated and invalided; or only invalidated but in at least two distinct ways). Thus, as a particular case, Euclidean, Lobachevsky-Bolyai-Gauss, and Riemannian geometries may be united altogether, in the same space, by some SGs. These last geometries can be partially Euclidean and partially non-Euclidean. The novelty of the SG is the fact that they introduce for the first time the degree of negation in geometry, similarly to the degree of falsehood in fuzzy or neutrosophic logic. For example an axiom can be denied in percentage of 30 Also SG are defined on multispaces, i.e. unions of Euclidean and non-Euclidean subspaces, or unions of distinct non-Euclidean spaces. As an example of S-denying, a proposition , which is the conjunction of a set i of propositions, can be invalidated in many ways if it is minimally unsatisfiable, that is, such that the conjunction of any proper subset of the i is satisfied in a structure, but itself is not. Here it is an example of what it means for an axiom to be invalidated in multiple ways [2] : As a particular axiom let's take Euclid's Fifth Postulate. In Euclidean or parabolic geometry a line has one parallel only through a given point. In Lobacevskian or hyperbolic geometry a line has at least two parallels through a given point. In Riemannian or elliptic geometry a line has no parallel through a given point. Whereas in Smarandache geometries there are lines which have no parallels through a given point and other lines which have one or more parallels through a given point (the fifth postulate is invalidated in many ways). Therefore, the Euclid's Fifth Postulate (which asserts that there is only one parallel passing through an exterior point to a given line) can be invalidated in many ways, i.e. Smarandachely denied, as follows: - first invalidation: there is no parallel passing through an exterior point to a given line; - second invalidation: there is a finite number of parallels passing through an exterior point to a given line; - third invalidation: there are infinitely many parallels passing through an exterior point to a given line.
Download or read book SCIENTIFIC ELEMENTS International Book Series Vol I Applications of Smarandache s Notions to Mathematics Physics and Other Sciences written by editors:Yuhua Fu, Linfan Mao, and Mihaly Bencze and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scientific Elements is an international book series, maybe with different subtitles. This series is devoted to the applications of Smarandache?s notions and to mathematical combinatorics. These are two heartening mathematical theories for sciences and can be applied to many fields. This book selects 12 papers for showing applications of Smarandache's notions, such as those of Smarandache multi-spaces, Smarandache geometries, Neutrosophy, etc. to classical mathematics, theoretical and experimental physics, logic, cosmology. Looking at these elementary applications, we can experience their great potential for developing sciences. 12 authors contributed to this volume: Linfan Mao, Yuhua Fu, Shenglin Cao, Jingsong Feng, Changwei Hu, Zhengda Luo, Hao Ji, Xinwei Huang, Yiying Guan, Tianyu Guan, Shuan Chen, and Yan Zhang.
Download or read book Current Communication Difficulties written by Florentin Smarandache, Stefan Vladutescu, Alina Tenescu and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2014 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our thesis is that communication has several sources. Some may be considered as main sources or constitutive sources from which communication springs, and others may be considered as secondary or complementary sources of communication. We can thus acknowledge eight main sources of communication: rhetoric, persuasion, psychology, sociology, anthropology, semiotics, linguistics and political science. Rhetoric is the first and oldest discipline which studied certain communication phenomena; rhetoric has outlined a proto-object of communication. Sociology is the most powerful source of communication methodology: sociology has supplied most of the theories and methods that have led to the discipline of communication growing autonomously. We assert that secondary sources of communication are: philosophy, ethics, pragmatics, mathematics, cybernetics and ecology. [Florentin Smarandache & Ştefan Vlăduţescu] *** The book has 15 chapters written by the following authors and co-authors from USA, England, China, Poland, Serbia, Bulgaria, Slovakia, and Romania: Florentin Smarandache, Ştefan Vlăduţescu, Jim O’Brien, Svetislav Paunovic, Mariana Man, Zhaoxun Song, Dandan Shan, Maria Nowicka-Skowron, Sorin Mihai Radu, Janusz Grabara, Ioan Cosmescu, Adrian Nicolescu, Krasimira Dimitrova, Alina Țenescu, Sebastian Kot, Beata Ślusarczyk, Maria Măcriș, Iwona Grabara, Piotr Pachura, Mircea Bunaciu, Jozef Novak-Marcincin, Mircea Duică, Odette Arhip, Vlad Roșca, and Vladimir-Aurelian Enăchescu.
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers 1st volume written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2016-11-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume of the Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers, edited from materials offered by the authors who responded to the editor’s invitation. The 78 authors are listed alphabetically. The introduction contains a short history of neutrosophics, together with links to the main papers and books. Neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus and so on are gaining significant attention in solving many real life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy. In the past years the fields of neutrosophics have been extended and applied in various fields, such as: artificial intelligence, data mining, soft computing, decision making in incomplete / indeterminate / inconsistent information systems, image processing, computational modelling, robotics, medical diagnosis, biomedical engineering, investment problems, economic forecasting, social science, humanistic and practical achievements.
Download or read book Neutropsychic Personality A mathematical approach to psychology Third updated edition written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutropsyche is the psychological theory that studies the soul or spirit using the neutrosophy and neutrosohic theories. In other words: Neutrosophic Psychological Theory. It is based on triadic neutrosophic psychological concepts of the form (,
Download or read book Vacuum Space Time Matter and the Models of Smarandache Geometry Smarandache written by Hu Chang-Wei ( 胡昌伟 ) and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progress in Physics vol 3 2015 written by Dmitri Rabounski and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Journal on Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Experimental Physics, including Related Themes from Mathematics
Download or read book Proceedings of the First International Conference on Neutrosophy Neutrosophic Logic Neutrosophic Set Neutrosophic Porbability and Statistics written by Florentin Smarandache editor and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collected papers on neutrosophics [such as: ?neutrosophy? - a new branch of philosophy, ?neutrosophic logic? ? a generalization of the fuzzy logic, ?neutrosophic set? ? a generalization of the fuzzy set, and ?neutrosophic probability? ? a generalization of classical probability and imprecise probability] by Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert, Andrzej Buller, Mohammad Khoshnevisan, Sarjinder Singh, Sukanto Bhattacharya, Feng Liu, Gh. C. Dinulescu-Campina, Chris Lucas, and Carlos Gershenson.Neutrosophic Logic involved the foundation of the Dezert-Smarandache Theory of Plausible and Paradoxical Reasoning, which has taken into consideration the combination of uncertain and contradictory information, used now in artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Scientia Magna Vol 3 No 2 2007 written by Zhang Wenpeng and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers on subclass of analytic and univalent functions in the unit disk, large quaternary cyclic codes of length 85 and related quantum error-correcting, value distribution of the Smarandache LCM function, chains of inequalities, some identities involving the near pseudo Smarandache function, and other similar topics. Contributors: S. M. Khairnar, M. More, Y. Ma, J. Chen, M. Bencze, C. Tian, N. Yuan, J. Caltenco, M. Enciso-Aguilar, W. Zheng, J. Dou, and many others.
Download or read book Neutrosophic Diagram and Neutrosophic Diagram and Classes of Neutrosophic Paradoxes or To The Outer Limits of Science written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These paradoxes are called “neutrosophic” since they are based on indeterminacy (or neutrality, i.e. neither true nor false), which is the third component in neutrosophic logic. We generalize the Venn Diagram to a Neutrosophic Diagram, which deals with vague, inexact, ambiguous, illdefined ideas, statements, notions, entities with unclear borders. We define the neutrosophic truth table and introduce two neutrosophic operators (neuterization and antonymization operators) give many classes of neutrosophic paradoxes.
Download or read book Theory and Practice in Construction Project Bidding Purchase in Chinese language written by 毛林繁 and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tendering is a negotiating process for a contract through by a tendered issuing an invitation, bidders submitting bidding documents and the tendered accepting a bidding by sending out a notiFication of award. It is a main measure for completing market economy in China. According to laws and new regulations, rulers and codes new issued, this book introduces fundamental knowledge and techniques in theory and practice for a construction contract by bids, such as those of macro-economic policies, investing and constructing management, the tendering and bidding law with its regulations and how to compile a qualiFication document for a designing, consulting, constructing, purchasing project or a corporate body of a project management. By Smarandache multi-spaces, a mathematical evaluation model for bids is established and examples are included. The Tendering and Bidding Law of China, 5 regulations related and 100 answers for tendering and bidding in China can be found in the attachment. It is referable to researchers on theory or persons working in purchasing and students in universities.
Download or read book Extenics and Innovation Methods written by Wen Cai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-15 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Society forges ahead in the process of solving various contradictory problems and it is ceaselessly innovating. It is the desire of mankind to use computers and computing networks to help deal with contradictory problems and to conduct innovative activities. Using formal models to discuss object extension and the possibility of change, as well as the rules and methods for innovation, Extenics is applied to solving contradictory problems and has become the basic theory, method and instrument to achieve this goal. In the 30 years since the foundation of Extenics, researchers have built relatively complete theoretical systems —‘extension theory’, studied formal and modeling innovation methods —‘extension innovation methods’, and launched the applications in various fields such as information, design, automation and management etc. —‘extension engineering’. Extension theory, the extension innovation method and extension engineering jointly constitute the new discipline—Extenics. At the same time, the practical activities of engineering technology and management promote the integration of various innovation methods such as TRIZ and brainstorming etc. This book collects together, from scholars in various fields, the research achievements in Extenics and innovation methods, in order to facilitate and promote the development of Extenics and the various innovation theories and methods, as well as to improve its innovative capacity in academic and business circles.
