Download or read book The New Paradigm of Immunity to Tuberculosis written by Maziar Divangahi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the intimate relationship between alveolar macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.), and the former’s role in both innate and adaptive immunity against M.tb. It covers research done over the last decade. It also explores the role of macrophage death following infection with M.tb. in determining whether successful immunity is stimulated, or whether clinical disease develops; furthermore, the function of host lipid mediators in macrophage death modality are addressed. The book also illustrates how the balance between prostaglandins and lipoxins determines whether infected macrophages undergo apoptosis or necrosis, which is the ultimate factor in the outcome of infection. Finally, it is a synthesis of the authors’ recent studies and the studies of others to offer a new understanding of immunity to tuberculosis.
Download or read book New Frontiers in Immunobiology written by Jan E. Veldman and published by Kugler Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Frontiers in Chemical Biology written by Mark E. Bunnage and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the new frontiers in chemical biology and describes their impact and future potential in drug discovery.
Download or read book Wild Immunology The Answers Are Out There written by Gregory M. Woods and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Go into partnership with nature; she does more than half the work and asks none of the fee.” - Martin H. Fisher. Nature has undertaken an immense amount of work throughout evolution. The evolutionary process has provided a power of information that can address key questions such as - Which immune molecules and pathways are conserved across species? Which molecules and pathways are exploited by pathogens to cause disease? What methods can be broadly used or readily adapted for wild immunology? How does co-infection and exposure to a dynamic environment affect immunity? Section 1 addresses these questions through an evolutionary approach. Laboratory mice have been instrumental in dissecting the nuances of the immune system. The first paper investigates the immunology of wild mice and reviews how evolution and ecology sculpt differences in the immune responses of wild mice and laboratory mice. A better understanding of wild immunology is required and sets the scene for the subsequent papers. Although nature doesn't ask for a fee, it is appropriate that nature is repaid in one form or another. The translational theme of the second section incorporates papers that translate wild immunology back to nature. But any non-human, non-laboratory mouse research environment is hindered by a lack of research tools, hence the underlying theme throughout the second section. Physiological resource allocation is carefully balanced according to the most important needs of the body. Tissue homeostasis can involve trade-offs between energy requirements of the host and compensatory mechanisms to respond to infection. The third section comprises a collection of papers that employ novel strategies to understand how the immune system is compensated under challenging physiological situations. Technology has provided substantial advances in understanding the immune system at cellular and molecular levels. The specificity of these tools (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) often limits the study to a specific species or strain. A consequence of similar genetic sequences or cross-reactivity is that the technology can be adapted to wild species. Section 4 provides two examples of probing wild immunology by adapting technology developed for laboratory species.
Download or read book The Present and Future of Immunology Education written by Andrea Bottaro and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-24 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The explosion of basic and applied immunology in the first decades of the 21st century has brought forth new opportunities and challenges for immunology education at all academic levels, from professional to undergraduate, medical, graduate and post-graduate instruction. Moreover, developing methods and techniques for educating general audiences on the importance and benefits of immunology will be critical for increasing public awareness and support. One major immediate challenge consists in accommodating, within the confines of traditional immunology curricula, a body of knowledge that continues to grow exponentially in both size and complexity. Furthermore, the practical toolbox of immunological research has vastly expanded, and even in the present environment of highly interdisciplinary and collaborative science, future immunologists will likely need to be at least conversant in, for instance, computational, structural and system biology, nanotechnology and tissue engineering. At the same time, our perspective of the immune system has progressively developed from primarily a host defense mechanism to a fundamental homeostatic system with organism-wide physiological and clinical significance, and with potentially transformative biotechnological and therapeutic applications. As a consequence, in addition to stand-alone courses, immunology is increasingly integrated into other courses, or distributed longitudinally, throughout a multi-year curriculum. This necessitates inter-disciplinary approaches to reach an expanding range of disciplines, as diverse as neurobiology, cancer biology/ oncology, infectious diseases, pharmacology, orthopedics and bioengineering. Creative approaches and pedagogical flexibility will be needed to avoid the pitfall of “one-size-fits-all” instruction, and to tailor level- and discipline-appropriate content to different types of students using multiple teaching formats. Finally, like most other disciplines, immunology education is also under strong pressure to introduce new didactic strategies that are relevant and meaningful to a generation of students who are “digital natives”, comfortable with and expect on-demand and multi-modal learning, diversified sources, and active engagement. Thankfully, the dynamic and interactive behavior of immune system cells, now visualized with striking immediacy by in vivo imaging, has the ability to capture and hold the interest of even the most jaded learner. The need for an increasingly immunology-knowledgeable workforce – not just academic and industry scientists, but also clinical and research lab technicians, biomedical engineers, and physicians in a growing array of specialties - will also expand job opportunities for immunologists as educators, and for content creators dedicated to generating new didactic tools in this field. Acknowledgement: We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS).
Download or read book Frontiers in Viral Hepatitis written by R.F. Schinazi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-12 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutting-edge collection of reviews and articles on HBV and HCV, as well as new emerging hepatitis viruses. Subjects include regulatory issues, epidemiology, emerging viruses, immunology, vaccines, pediatric HBV and HCV, genetics, pathology, viral diagnosis, cell systems, animal models, drug discovery and development, and prevention and treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma. Book jacket.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Oral Immunity written by Avi-Hai Hovav and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oral mucosa is a challenging environment from an immunological perspective, containing discrete niches with a unique architecture and function that requires precise adjustment of the immune system. Being the port of entry to the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, the oral cavity is also constantly challenged by antigens derived from air and food. Moreover, the oral cavity is the sole tissue of the body harboring a hard surface (i.e. the tooth) that is exposed to the hostile external environment, resulting in the formation of a complex biofilm that has local and systemic effects. To deal with such challenges, the oral immune system aims to prevent the invasion of pathogens/harmful antigens and to tolerate non-pathogenic counterparts in order to maintain homeostasis. In recent years, numerous studies have addressed these fundamental issues, revealing sophisticated mechanisms engaged by the immune system to maintain oral mucosal homeostasis and to combat various immunological insults. Some of these studies have identified novel immunological mechanisms, emphasizing the uniqueness of the oral immune system and the necessity to further investigate its functions.
Download or read book Venoms and Toxins At the Crossroads of Basic Applied and Clinical Immunology written by Manuela Berto Pucca and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Frontiers in Gene Modified T Cell Technology written by Ignazio Caruana and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-13 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development, clinical translation and recent efficacy of novel gene therapies targeting refractory malignancies has led to research that extends this technology to a variety of infectious and rheumatological diseases. Unlike conventional drugs or antibodies, T cells have the potential to target and exert effector function in response to disease in a dynamic manner, acting as a “living drug”. The most efficacious form of gene-modified T cells to date is the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cell, which redirects the specificity of T cells to an antigen expressed by tumor cells. Clinical experience with autologous CAR-T cells, primarily in hematologic malignancies, has underscored the feasibility and safety of the approach, while also demonstrating dramatic and sustained antitumor effects through mechanisms orthogonal to those of traditional anticancer therapies. However, several challenging obstacles must be surmounted in order to improve the broader efficacy of this approach.
Download or read book Nutrition and Immune Function written by Philip C. Calder and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a review of the roles of specific nutrients in maintaining the immune response and host protection against infection. It also considers the influence of various factors, such as exercise and ageing, on the interaction between nutrition and immune function.
Download or read book Heterologous Immunity Implications and Applications in Vaccines and Immunotherapies written by Babita Agrawal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutrophil Mediated Skin Diseases Immunology and Genetics written by Angelo Valerio Marzano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transplant Immunology written by Xian C. Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With all the complex issues of acceptance or rejection of a transplanted organ, immunology is a key subject for all transplantation clinicians. During recent years, there has been an explosion of research and knowledge in this area. Produced in association with the American Society of Transplantation, and written by experts within the field, Transplant Immunology provides a comprehensive overview of the topic in relation to clinical transplantation. Starting with the basic functionality of the immune system, it then moves on to cover the very latest developments in immunosuppressive drugs and protocols, as well as a look at all emerging technologies in the field. Key chapters include: Transplant-related complications Immune responses to transplants Emerging issues in transplantation Biomarkers of Allograft rejection and tolerance T cells and the principles of immune responses In full colour throughout, over 100 outstanding diagrams support the text, all figures being fully downloadable via the book's companion website. The result is an essential tool for all those responsible for managing patients awaiting and undergoing organ transplantation, including transplant surgeons and clinicians, immunologists and researchers.
Download or read book Unraveling New Frontiers and Advances in Bioinformatics written by Amit Chaudhary and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Developments in Bovine Immunology An Integrated View written by Kieran G. Meade and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-22 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world’s population is predicted to hit 9 Billion by 2050, and with it food demand is predicted to increase substantially. The World Bank estimates that cereal and meat production needs to increase by 50% and 85% respectively between 2000 and 2030 to meet demand, putting serious pressure on the global agricultural industry. Critical to meeting this demand for food are mechanisms to reduce the incidence of animal disease. With in excess of 1.3 billion cattle globally, the total cost of infectious diseases is difficult to estimate. However in North America alone, the cost is predicted to be $18 billion annually. Non-infectious diseases also account for another major impediment to the production capacity and welfare of animals as well as the economic sustainability of farming. However animal diseases have implications that spread far beyond the farm gate. Infectious agents can also contaminate the food chain, and potentially affect human health. Controlling diseases, through better preventative and treatment methods requires a detailed understanding of the immune response in livestock species. Multiple studies have identified associations between variation in immune genes and disease susceptibility, which potentially opens up new avenues to select animals with superior disease resistance. Detailed understanding of immunity in cattle is leading to the design of more effective vaccines. Furthermore, appreciation of the significant differences between rodent and human immune responses has also led to bovine models being developed for some human diseases. The publication of the bovine genome and the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies have facilitated a massive expansion in our knowledge of the immune response in cattle. As a result there has been an explosion of exciting research findings including in metagenomics and epigenetics. Recently, there has been a welcome move to integrate our emerging understanding of the immune response with detailed studies of other important physiological processes including nutrition and reproduction. The interactions between the reproductive system, nutrition and the immune system are of particular interest, since each places significant demands on the animal at various stages through the production cycle. The interplay between these morphologically diffuse systems involves widely distributed chemical signals in response to environmental input, and each system must interact for the normal functioning of the other. A comprehensive “systems” approach is improving our understanding of normal physiological interactions between these systems and furthermore, how dysregulation can lead to disease. The successful translation of bovine immunological research into improved treatments for animal disease requires tight interaction between diverse scientific and clinical disciplines including immunology, microbiology, endocrinology, physiology, nutrition, reproduction and clinical veterinary medicine. With so much recent progress in the field, we believe that it is valuable and well-timed to review the broad variety of the relevant studies that attempt to increase our understanding through comprehensive collaboration between these disciplines. We are looking forward to a wide and vivid discussion of developments in bovine immunology and related issues, and we expect that our readers profoundly benefit from new exciting insights and fruitful collaborations.
Download or read book Mitochondrial DNA and the Immuno inflammatory Response New Frontiers to Control Specific Microbial Diseases written by Dilvani Oliveira Santos and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that actively participate in the immune-inflammatory response in various pathologies. This volume updates readers on knowledge about mitochondria function. The editors have compiled six chapters about inflammation in its broadest sense, with contributions from active groups of cell biologists, infectologists and pathologists. The chapters in this volume focus on research related to five notable diseases: (1) two diseases (one bacterial and one viral) in which the exacerbation of the inflammatory response can lead to neuropathies: leprosy (one of the oldest diseases in the world) and Zika fever (a disease relatively new in Brazil) (2) three diseases (two bacterial and one viral) in which the exacerbation of the inflammatory response can lead to irreversible lung damage that can cause rapid death: tuberculosis, pneumonia and the most recent global disease, COVID- 19. New information about mitochondrial biology is presented, such as the effect of aerobic physical exercise as a stimulator for mitochondria multiplication, and the role of mitochondrial damage in inducing immune-inflammatory responses to pathogens. The contents shed light on mitochondrial biochemical pathways that could serve as potential therapeutic targets. This is an important reference for scholars (cell biologists, microbiologists) in universities, hospitals and scientific research centers working on biological and biomedical problems, and for health professionals involved in infection control.
Download or read book History of the Basel Institute for Immunology written by Ivan Lefkovits and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lectures, Parties, and Nobel Prizes: living and researching at the Basel Institute for Immunology By the early seventies of the 20th century, the Basel Institute for Immunology had become one of the largest - and certainly the most prominent - immunology institutes in the world. Its lean structure was highly successful, and the quality of the research and its reputation remained outstandingly high throughout the three decades it existed. This book describes the institute's history from its conception and the laying of the foundation stone in 1969 by the pharmaceutical company Roche to the triumph of three Nobel Prizes (1984 and 1987) for Niels K. Jerne, Georges K�hler and Susumu Tonegawa. Can all this be portrayed to make the layman understand it and the scientist relish it? Indeed, the book succeeds in tuning in to what fascinates students, advanced researchers and scientists, historians, policy makers and philanthropists alike. The narrative reveals many aspects of the institute's life and also describes all its research and achievements. Immunologists at every level, from beginners to old hands, will find something of interest to them in this history, and some readers will even make use of the huge database (documents, pictures and films) linked to the book by hundreds of QR codes.
