Download or read book New Constraints on Strain Partitioning Across Southern California s Diffuse Plate Boundary written by Boe Jay Derosier and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geologic observations provide an important lens to objectively view the natural world and contextualize the processes that have and continue to shape Earth's brittle crust. As a result, many geologic and geophysical tools have been developed. This dissertation uses high-resolution sub-bottom and multi-channel seismic data to observe sequence stratigraphic and morphologic signatures of deformation encoded into Southern California and its offshore component, the California Continental Borderland (CCB). Using geophysical tools, this dissertation first investigates the vertical displacement history of the Inner California Borderland (ICB) using marine terraces. By Imaging marine terraces with sub-bottom profilers offshore San Clemente and Santa Catalina Islands and contextualizing them with legacy on and offshore data, it is possible to extend our current Quaternary understanding of the vertical displacement history of the ICB through to the Middle Miocene. In addition, this model provides a framework for the formation of disputed marine terraces observed at depths deeper than the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Second, I conducted a seismic stratigraphic analysis of the Catalina Basin, one of the many basins that make up the ICB, to constrain the late Cenozoic evolution of the region and put into context basin-wide markers of historic relative sea level with regional geology. Third, this dissertation outlines the use of the Kongsberg SBP 29, recently installed on the R/V Sally Ride in June of 2021, to image and characterize active deformation within the Outer California Borderland (OCB). The OCB, a relatively under-surveyed region within the CCB, has not been widely recognized as accommodating active deformation. Interpretation of the high-resolution sub-bottom data is constrained by proximal Ocean Drilling Project cores. As a result, it is possible confidently report that the Ferrelo Fault has been active within the last 1,000 years, accommodating Pacific/North American relative strain. Lastly, the novel use of a sub-bottom profiler is employed, typically a marine and or lacustrine instrument, to image onshore deformation along an unlined section of the All-American Canal. This survey images deformation within the Imperial Valley, along the Imperial, Dixieland, and Michoacán Faults, in an area where anthropogenic activity has otherwise made direct observations of surface deformation difficult.
Download or read book Fault Evolution and Strain Partitioning Within Deforming Continents written by Jiyang Ye and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffuse deformation within continents and over broad plate boundary zones deviates from the prediction of plate tectonics theory. Some of the deforming continents are now well delineated by space geodetic measurements, but the cause of such diffuse deformation remains poorly understood. My Ph. D. research focuses on fault evolution, strain distribution and partitioning in two regions: 1) Fault evolution and Strain partitioning in Southern California: In southern California, strain resulting from the relative motion between the Pacific and the North American plates is partitioned in a complex system of transcurrent, transcompressional, and transtensional faults. High-precision GPS measurements in this region have enabled kinematic modeling of the present-day strain partitioning between these faults, but the causes of such strain partitioning and fault evolution remain uncertain. Using a three-dimensional viscoelasto-plastic finite element model, I have explored how the plate boundary fault system evolves to accommodate the relative plate motion in Southern California. My results show that, when the plate boundary faults are not optimally orientated to accommodate the relative plate motion, new faults will be initiated. In particular, the Big Bend of the San Andreas Fault (SAF), which is the main plate boundary fault, impedes the relative plate motion, thus forces the development of a system of secondary faults. The evolution of these secondary faults is to minimize the work needed to accommodate the relative plate motion, and this mechanism provides a framework for understanding the present-day strain partitioning and earthquake hazards. 2) Active strain rates of crustal deformation in mainland China: In the past decades Chinese scientists and international teams have measured GPS velocities at more than a thousand sites in mainland China, allowing calculation of detailed spatial distribution of the crustal strain rates. Using the latest GPS velocities data, I have calculated strain rates in different tectonic provinces in China and compared them with neotectonic data. I have also calculated strain rates using earthquakes and geological fault slip rates. The differences of strain rates derived from different data sets show the timescale dependence of strain rates. Comparing GPS strain rates with seismic moment release patterns illustrates the limitations of using earthquake catalog for earthquake hazard analysis.
Download or read book Plate Boundary Zones written by Seth Stein and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2002-01-21 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects some recent studies on the motions, mechanics, and earthquakes that take place within plate boundary zones. Many of the studies reflect advances made possible by the development of space geodetic techniques. Among the topics of the 21 papers are tectonic processes in the Eurasian-African plate boundary zone, the structure of the Dead Sea basin, the January 2001 Bhuj earthquake in India, geological investigations of the Kamchatka region in Russia, and crustal shortening and extension in the central Andes. There is no index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book Deformation path in high strain zones with reference to slip partitioning in transpressional plate boundary regions written by D. JIANG and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spring Meeting written by American Geophysical Union. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones written by Joao C. Duarte and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-09-25 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones bridges the gap between the classic plate tectonic theory and new emerging ideas, offering an assessment of the state-of-the-art, pending questions, and future directions in the study of transform plate boundaries and fracture zones. The book includes a number of case studies and reviews on both oceanic and continental tectonic settings. Transform Plate Boundaries and Fracture Zones is a timely reference for a variety of researchers, including geophysicists, seismologists, structural geologists and tectonicists, as well as specialists in exploration geophysics and natural hazards. This book can also be used as an up-to-date reference at universities in both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Reviews ideas and concepts about transform plate boundaries and fracture zones Includes a variety of case studies on both oceanic and continental settings Addresses innovative and provocative ideas about the activity of fracture zones and transform faults and their impacts to the human society
Download or read book Volcano Tectonic Processes written by Valerio Acocella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes have terrified and, at the same time, fascinated civilizations for thousands of years. Many aspects of volcanoes, most notably the eruptive processes and the compositional variations of magma, have been widely investigated for several decades and today constitute the core of any volcanology textbook. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, boosted by the availability of volcano monitoring data, there has been an increasing interest in the pre-eruptive processes related to the shallow accumulation and to the transfer of magma approaching the surface, as well as in the resulting structure of volcanoes. These are innovative and essential aspects of modern volcanology and, as driving volcanic unrest, their understanding also improves hazard assessment and eruption forecasting. So far, the significant progress made in unravelling these volcano-tectonic processes has not been supported by a comprehensive overview. This monograph aims at filling this gap, describing the pre-eruptive processes related to the structure, deformation and tectonics of volcanoes, at the local and regional scale, in any tectonic setting. The monograph is organized into three sections (“Fundamentals”, “Magma migration towards the surface” and “The regional perspective”), consisting of thirteen chapters that are lavishly illustrated. The reader is accompanied in a journey within the volcano factory, discovering the processes associated with the shallow accumulation of magma and its transfer towards the surface, how these control the structure of volcanoes and their activity and, ultimately, improve our ability to estimate hazard and forecast eruption. The potential readership includes any academic, researcher and upper undergraduate student interested in volcanology, magma intrusions, structural geology, tectonics, geodesy, as well as geology and geophysics in general.
Download or read book Living on an Active Earth written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-09-22 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The destructive force of earthquakes has stimulated human inquiry since ancient times, yet the scientific study of earthquakes is a surprisingly recent endeavor. Instrumental recordings of earthquakes were not made until the second half of the 19th century, and the primary mechanism for generating seismic waves was not identified until the beginning of the 20th century. From this recent start, a range of laboratory, field, and theoretical investigations have developed into a vigorous new discipline: the science of earthquakes. As a basic science, it provides a comprehensive understanding of earthquake behavior and related phenomena in the Earth and other terrestrial planets. As an applied science, it provides a knowledge base of great practical value for a global society whose infrastructure is built on the Earth's active crust. This book describes the growth and origins of earthquake science and identifies research and data collection efforts that will strengthen the scientific and social contributions of this exciting new discipline.
Download or read book Continental Transpressional and Transtensional Tectonics written by Robert E. Holdsworth and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1998 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many present-day and ancient continental deformation systems appear to have formed due to significantly oblique relative plate motions. Transpression and transtension zones are formed where the oblique motions involve components of compression and extensions, respectively. This book covers the recent advances in our understanding or transpressional and transtensional deformation zones both in theory and in real geological settings from around the world. The volume opens with an up-to-date overview of the topic that sets the scene for the more detailed papers which follow. The papers are grouped into four sections. The first, Modelling Transpression and Transtension, includes a series of papers that discuss theoretical strain models in the context of field examples and analogue experiments. The second section details the tectonic evolution of Continental Transform Zones and includes papers on the Dead Sea Transform, western USA and Chile. The third section, Oblique Divergence Zones, has papers on gravitational collapse in the Norwegian Caledonides and in SW North America, the break-up of Gondwana and a pull-apart basin in northern China. The final section on Oblique Convergence Zones, has case studies from Brazil, European Variscides, Antarctica, the Himalayas, the Sierra Nevada batholith and Italy.
Download or read book The Loma Prieta California Earthquake of October 17 1989 geologic Setting and Crustal Structure written by Ray E. Wells and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2004 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Isostasy and Flexure of the Lithosphere written by A. B. Watts and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-30 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique overview of isostasy featuring recent advances in spectral data analysis and understanding of variations in lithospheric strength.
Download or read book Investigating Crustal Deformation Associated With The North America Pacific Plate Boundary In Southern California With GPS Geodesy written by Joshua C. Spinler and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Planetary Tectonics written by Thomas R. Watters and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an essential reference volume that surveys tectonic landforms on solid bodies throughout the Solar System.
Download or read book Active Tectonics and Seismic Hazards of Puerto Rico the Virgin Islands and Offshore Areas written by Paul Mann and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tectonic Geomorphology written by Douglas W. Burbank and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-02 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tectonic geomorphology is the study of the interplay between tectonic and surface processes that shape the landscape in regions of active deformation and at time scales ranging from days to millions of years. Over the past decade, recent advances in the quantification of both rates and the physical basis of tectonic and surface processes have underpinned an explosion of new research in the field of tectonic geomorphology. Modern tectonic geomorphology is an exceptionally integrative field that utilizes techniques and data derived from studies of geomorphology, seismology, geochronology, structure, geodesy, stratigraphy, meteorology and Quaternary science. While integrating new insights and highlighting controversies from the ten years of research since the 1st edition, this 2nd edition of Tectonic Geomorphology reviews the fundamentals of the subject, including the nature of faulting and folding, the creation and use of geomorphic markers for tracing deformation, chronological techniques that are used to date events and quantify rates, geodetic techniques for defining recent deformation, and paleoseismologic approaches to calibrate past deformation. Overall, this book focuses on the current understanding of the dynamic interplay between surface processes and active tectonics. As it ranges from the timescales of individual earthquakes to the growth and decay of mountain belts, this book provides a timely synthesis of modern research for upper-level undergraduate and graduate earth science students and for practicing geologists. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/burbank/geomorphology.
Download or read book The California Earthquake of April 18 1906 written by California. State Earthquake Investigation Commission and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vertical Coupling and Decoupling in the Lithosphere written by John Grocott and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2004 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... developed out of two symposia: 'Deformation at Convergent Margins', convened at the European Union of Geosciences meeting (EUG XI) at Strasbourg in April 2001; and 'Vertical Coupling and Decoupling at Convergent Margins', convened at the AGU Fall meeting in San Francisco in December 2001"--Acknowledgements.
