Download or read book Neutrosophic Bilinear Algebras and their Generalizations written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2010 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces over one hundred new concepts related to neutrosophic bilinear algebras and their generalizations. Illustrated by more than 225 examples, these innovative new notions find applications in various fields.

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers 1st volume written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2016-11-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume of the Encyclopedia of Neutrosophic Researchers, edited from materials offered by the authors who responded to the editor’s invitation. The 78 authors are listed alphabetically. The introduction contains a short history of neutrosophics, together with links to the main papers and books. Neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics, neutrosophic measure, neutrosophic precalculus, neutrosophic calculus and so on are gaining significant attention in solving many real life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistent, and indeterminacy. In the past years the fields of neutrosophics have been extended and applied in various fields, such as: artificial intelligence, data mining, soft computing, decision making in incomplete / indeterminate / inconsistent information systems, image processing, computational modelling, robotics, medical diagnosis, biomedical engineering, investment problems, economic forecasting, social science, humanistic and practical achievements.

Download or read book Symbolic Neutrosophic Theory written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symbolic (or Literal) Neutrosophic Theory is referring to the use of abstract symbols (i.e. the letters T, I, F, or their refined indexed letters Tj, Ik, Fl) in neutrosophics. In the first chapter we extend the dialectical triad thesis-antithesis-synthesis (dynamics of and , to get a synthesis) to the neutrosophic tetrad thesis-antithesis-neutrothesis-neutrosynthesis (dynamics of , , and , in order to get a neutrosynthesis). In the second chapter we introduce the neutrosophic system and neutrosophic dynamic system. A neutrosophic system is a quasi- or (t,i,f)–classical system, in the sense that the neutrosophic system deals with quasi-terms/concepts/attributes, etc. [or (t,i,f)-terms/concepts/attributes], which are approximations of the classical terms/concepts/attributes, i.e. they are partially true/membership/probable (t), partially indeterminate (i), and partially false/nonmembership/improbable (f), where t, i, f are subsets of the unitary interval [0, 1]. In the third chapter we introduce for the first time the notions of Neutrosophic Axiom, Neutrosophic Deducibility, Neutrosophic Axiomatic System, Degree of Contradiction (Dissimilarity) of Two Neutrosophic Axioms, etc. The fourth chapter we introduced for the first time a new type of structures, called (t, i, f)-Neutrosophic Structures, presented from a neutrosophic logic perspective, and we showed particular cases of such structures in geometry and in algebra. In any field of knowledge, each structure is composed from two parts: a space, and a set of axioms (or laws) acting (governing) on it. If the space, or at least one of its axioms (laws), has some indeterminacy of the form (t, i, f) ≠ (1, 0, 0), that structure is a (t, i, f)-Neutrosophic Structure. In the fifth chapter we make a short history of: the neutrosophic set, neutrosophic numerical components and neutrosophic literal components, neutrosophic numbers, etc. The aim of this chapter is to construct examples of splitting the literal indeterminacy (I) into literal sub-indeterminacies (I1,I2,…,Ir), and to define a multiplication law of these literal sub-indeterminacies in order to be able to build refined I-neutrosophic algebraic structures. In the sixth chapter we define for the first time three neutrosophic actions and their properties. We then introduce the prevalence order on (T, I, F) with respect to a given neutrosophic operator "o", which may be subjective - as defined by the neutrosophic experts. And the refinement of neutrosophic entities , , and . Then we extend the classical logical operators to neutrosophic literal (symbolic) logical operators and to refined literal (symbolic) logical operators, and we define the refinement neutrosophic literal (symbolic) space. In the seventh chapter we introduce for the first time the neutrosophic quadruple numbers (of the form a+bT+cI+dF) and the refined neutrosophic quadruple numbers. Then we define an absorbance law, based on a prevalence order, both of them in order to multiply the neutrosophic components T, I, F or their sub-components T_j, I_k, F_l and thus to construct the multiplication of neutrosophic quadruple numbers.

Download or read book Natural Neutrosophic Numbers and MOD Neutrosophic Numbers written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2015 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors in this book introduce a new class of natural neutrsophic numbers using MOD intervals. These natural MOD neutrosophic numbers behave in a different way for the product of two natural neutrosophic numbers can be neutrosophic zero divisors or idempotents or nilpotents. Several open problems are suggested in this book.

Download or read book Introduction to Neutrosophic Measure Neutrosophic Integral and Neutrosophic Probability written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, we introduce for the first time the notions of neutrosophic measure and neutrosophic integral, and we develop the 1995 notion of neutrosophic probability. We present many practical examples. It is possible to define the neutrosophic measure and consequently the neutrosophic integral and neutrosophic probability in many ways, because there are various types of indeterminacies, depending on the problem we need to solve. Neutrosophics study the indeterminacy. Indeterminacy is different from randomness. It can be caused by physical space materials and type of construction, by items involved in the space, etc.

Download or read book NeutroAlgebra is a Generalization of Partial Algebra written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we recall, improve, and extend several definitions, properties and applications of our previous 2019 research referred to NeutroAlgebras and AntiAlgebras (also called NeutroAlgebraic Structures and respectively AntiAlgebraic Structures). Let be an item (concept, attribute, idea, proposition, theory, etc.). Through the process of neutrosphication, we split the nonempty space we work on into three regions {two opposite ones corresponding to and , and one corresponding to neutral (indeterminate) (also denoted ) between the opposites}, which may or may not be disjoint – depending on the application, but they are exhaustive (their union equals the whole space). A NeutroAlgebra is an algebra which has at least one NeutroOperation or one NeutroAxiom (axiom that is true for some elements, indeterminate for other elements, and false for the other elements). A Partial Algebra is an algebra that has at least one Partial Operation, and all its Axioms are classical (i.e. axioms true for all elements). Through a theorem we prove that NeutroAlgebra is a generalization of Partial Algebra, and we give examples of NeutroAlgebras that are not Partial Algebras. We also introduce the NeutroFunction (and NeutroOperation).

Download or read book New Classes of Neutrosophic Linear Algebras written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we introduce three types of neutrosophic linear algebras: neutrosophic set lineat algebra, neutrosophic semigroup linear algebra, and neutrosophic group linear algebra. These are generalizations of neutrosophic linear algebra. These new algebraic structures pave the way for applications in several fields like mathematical modeling.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Vol VIII written by Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of ten papers by contributors F. Smarandache, F. Yuhua, K. Mondal, S. Pramanik, S. Broumi, J. Ye, A. A. Salama,, N. Easa, S. A. Elhafez, M. M. Lotfy, L. Kong, Y. Wu, P. Biswas, B. C. Giri, A. Mukkerjee, and S. Sarkar, focusing on a new kind of algebraic structures called (T, I, F)- Neutrosophic Structures; Expanding Uncertainty Principle to Certainty-Uncertainty Principles with Neutrosophy and Quad-stage Methods; Rough Neutrosophic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Based on Rough Accuracy Score Function; an Extended TOPSIS Method for Multiple Attribute Decision Making based on Interval Neutrosophic Uncertain Linguistic Variable; Review of Recommender Systems Algorithms Utilized in Social Networks based e-Learning Systems & Neutrosophic System; Fault Diagnosis Method of Gasoline Engines Using the Cosine Similarity Measure of Neutrosophic Numbers; Cosine Similarity Measure Based Multi-attribute Decision-making with Trapezoidal Fuzzy Neutrosophic Numbers; Thesis-Antithesis-Neutrothesis, and Neutrosynthesis; Negating Four Color Theorem with Neutrosophy and Quadstage Method; and A new method of measuring similarity between two neutrosophic soft sets and its application in pattern recognition problems.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems vol 8 2015 written by L. Kong and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.

Download or read book Generalizations of Neutrosophic Subalgebras in BCK BCI Algebras Based on Neutrosophic Points written by Seon Jeong Kim and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saeid and Jun introduced the notion of neutrosophic points, and studied neutrosophic subalgebras of several types in BCK=BCI-algebras by using the notion of neutrosophic points.

Download or read book Theory and Applications of NeutroAlgebras as Generalizations of Classical Algebras written by Smarandache, Florentin and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-04-15 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. In all classical algebraic structures, the law of compositions on a given set are well-defined, but this is a restrictive case because there are situations in science where a law of composition defined on a set may be only partially defined and partially undefined, which we call NeutroDefined, or totally undefined, which we call AntiDefined. Theory and Applications of NeutroAlgebras as Generalizations of Classical Algebra introduces NeutroAlgebra, an emerging field of research. This book provides a comprehensive collection of original work related to NeutroAlgebra and covers topics such as image retrieval, mathematical morphology, and NeutroAlgebraic structure. It is an essential resource for philosophers, mathematicians, researchers, educators and students of higher education, and academicians.

Download or read book NeutroAlgebra is a Generalization of Partial Algebra written by and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2020-03-01 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2019 & 2020 Smarandache generalized the classical Algebraic Structures to NeutroAlgebraic Structures (or NeutroAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are partially true, partially indeterminate, and partially false} as extensions of Partial Algebra, and to AntiAlgebraic Structures (or AntiAlgebras) {whose operations and axioms are totally false}. And, in general, he extended any classical Structure, in no matter what field of knowledge, to a NeutroStructure and an AntiStructure.

Download or read book Polarity of generalized neutrosophic subalgebras in BCK BCI algebras written by Rajab Ali Borzooei and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the fuzzy set which is introduced by Zadeh, the membership degree is expressed by only one function so called the truth function. As a generalization of fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set is introduced by Atanassove by using membership function and nonmembership function.

Download or read book Neutrosophic Set Theory Applied to UP Algebras written by Metawee Songsaeng and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notions of neutrosophic UP-subalgebras, neutrosophic near UP- lters, neutrosophic UP- lters, neutrosophic UP-ideals, and neutrosophic strongly UP-ideals of UP-algebras are introduced, and several properties are investigated. Conditions for neutrosophic sets to be neutrosophic UP-subalgebras, neutrosophic near UP- lters, neutrosophic UP- lters, neutrosophic UP-ideals, and neutrosophic strongly UP-ideals of UP-algebras are provided. Relations between neutrosophic UP-subalgebras (resp., neutrosophic near UP- lters, neutrosophic UP- lters, neutrosophic UP-ideals, neutrosophic strongly UP-ideals) and their level subsets are considered.

Download or read book Interval Linear Algebra written by W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2010 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interval Arithmetic, or Interval Mathematics, was developed in the 1950s and 1960s as an approach to rounding errors in mathematical computations. However, there was no methodical development of interval algebraic structures to this date.This book provides a systematic analysis of interval algebraic structures, viz. interval linear algebra, using intervals of the form [0, a].

Download or read book Neutrosophic Sets and Systems vol 51 2022 written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 970 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc. Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. This theory considers every notion or idea together with its opposite or negation and with their spectrum of neutralities in between them (i.e. notions or ideas supporting neither nor ). The and ideas together are referred to as . Neutrosophy is a generalization of Hegel's dialectics (the last one is based on and only). According to this theory every idea tends to be neutralized and balanced by and ideas - as a state of equilibrium. In a classical way , , are disjoint two by two. But, since in many cases the borders between notions are vague, imprecise, Sorites, it is possible that , , (and of course) have common parts two by two, or even all three of them as well. Neutrosophic Set and Neutrosophic Logic are generalizations of the fuzzy set and respectively fuzzy logic (especially of intuitionistic fuzzy set and respectively intuitionistic fuzzy logic).

Download or read book Neutrosophy written by Florentin Smarandache and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: