Download or read book Neutron Scintillators Using Wavelength Shifting Fibers written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proposed design for an optically-based, one-dimension scintillation detector to replace the gas-filled position-sensitive proportional counter currently used for a wide-angle neutron detector (WAND) at the high-Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is presented. The scintillator, consisting of a mixture of 6LiF and ZnS(Ag) powders in an epoxy binder, is coupled to an array of wavelength shifting optical fibers which provide position resolution. The wide-angle neutron detector is designed to cover a 120 degree arc with a 75 cm radius of curvature. The final detector design provides for 600 optical fibers coupled to the scintillator screen with an angular resolution of 0.2 degrees. Each individual pixel of the detector will be capable of operating at count rates exceeding 1 MHz. Results are presented from the measurement of neutron conversion efficiencies for several screen compositions, gamma-ray sensitivity, and spatial resolution of a 16 element one-dimensional array prototype.
Download or read book Neutron Protein Crystallography written by Nobuo Niimura and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-17 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the first books dedicated to the emerging field of neutron protein crystallography (NPC). It covers all of the practical aspects of NPC and demonstrates how NPC can explore protein features such as hydrogen bonds, protonation and deprotonation of amino acid residues, and hydration structures.
Download or read book Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 1420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authoritative reference providing the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity.
Download or read book Handbook of II VI Semiconductor Based Sensors and Radiation Detectors written by Ghenadii Korotcenkov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reference provides interdisciplinary discussion for diverse II-VI semiconductors with a wide range of topics. The third volume of a three volume set, the book provides an up-to-date account of the present status of multifunctional II-VI semiconductors, from fundamental science and processing to their applications as various sensors, biosensors, and radiation detectors, and based on them to formulate new goals for the further research. The chapters in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of the manufacture, parameters and principles of operation of these devices. The application of these devices in various fields such medicine, agriculture, food quality control, environment monitoring and others is also considered. The analysis carried out shows the great potential of II-VI semiconductor-based sensors and detectors for these applications. Considers solid-state radiation detectors based on semiconductors of II-VI group and their applications; Analyzes the advantages of II-VI compounds to develop chemical and optical gas and ion sensors; Describes all types of biosensors based on II-VI semiconductors and gives examples of their use in various fields.
Download or read book Phosphors for Radiation Detectors written by Takayuki Yanagida and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-02-02 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphors for Radiation Detector Phosphors for Radiation Detectors Discover a comprehensive overview of luminescence phosphors for radiation detection In Phosphors for Radiation Detection, accomplished researchers Takayuki Yanagida and Masanori Koshimizu deliver a state-of-the-art exploration of the use of phosphors in radiation detection. The internationally recognized contributors discuss the fundamental physics and detector functions associated with the technology with a focus on real-world applications. The book discusses all forms of luminescence phosphors for radiation detection used in a variety of fields, including medicine, security, resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and high energy physics. Readers will discover discussions of dosimeter materials, including thermally stimulated luminescent materials, optically stimulated luminescent materials, and radiophotoluminescence materials. The book also covers transparent ceramics and glasses and a broad range of devices used in this area. Phosphors for Radiation Detection also includes: Thorough introductions to ionizing radiation induced luminescence, organic scintillators, and inorganic oxide scintillators Comprehensive explorations of luminescent materials, including discussions of materials synthesis and their use in gamma-ray, neutron, and charged particle detection Practical discussions of semiconductor scintillators, including treatments of organic-inorganic layered perovskite materials for scintillation detectors In-depth examinations of thermally stimulated luminescent materials, including discussions of the dosimetric properties for photons, charged particles, and neutrons Relevant for research physicists, materials scientists, and electrical engineers, Phosphors for Radiation Detection is an also an indispensable resource for postgraduate and senior undergraduate students working in detection physics.
Download or read book Neutron Imaging and Applications written by Ian S. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Imaging and Applications offers an introduction to the basics of neutron beam production in addition to the wide scope of techniques that enhance imaging application capabilities. An instructional overview of neutron sources, detectors, optics and spin-filters allows readers to delve more deeply into the discussions of radiography, tomography and prospective applications available in neutron holography techniques. A section devoted to current applications describes imaging single grains in polycrystalline materials, neutron imaging of geological materials and other materials science and engineering areas. Coverage of thermal neutron imaging of biological tissues, plant physiology, Homeland Security and contraband detection explore the future prospects of this cutting-edge research. Written by key experts in the field, researchers and engineers involved with imaging technologies will find Neutron Imaging and Applications a valuable reference.
Download or read book Neutron Scattering written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers in some detail the application of neutron scattering to different fields of physics, materials science, chemistry, biology, the earth sciences and engineering. Its goal is to enable researchers in a particular area to identify aspects of their work in which neutron scattering techniques might contribute, conceive the important experiments to be done, assess what is required to carry them out, write a successful proposal for one of the major user facilities, and perform the experiments under the guidance of the appropriate instrument scientist. The authors of the various chapters take account of the advances in experimental techniques over the past 25 years--for example, neutron reflectivity and spin-echo spectroscopy and techniques for probing the dynamics of complex materials and biological systems. Furthermore, with the third-generation spallation sources recently constructed in the United States and Japan and in the advanced planning stage in Europe, there is an increasing interest in time-of-flight techniques and short wavelengths. Correspondingly, the improved performance of cold moderators at both reactors and spallation sources has extended the long-wavelength capabilities. - Chapter authors are pre-eminent in their field - Seminal experiments are presented as examples - Provides guidance on how to plan, execute and analyse experiments
Download or read book Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology, Volume 634, the latest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this updated release include Fundamentals of neutron crystallography in structural biology, Large crystal growth for neutron protein crystallography, Prospects for membrane protein crystals in NMX, IMAGINE: The neutron protein crystallography beamline at the high flux isotope reactor, The macromolecular neutron diffractometer at the spallation neutron source, Current status and near future plan of neutron protein crystallography at J-PARC, Neutron macromolecular crystallography at the European spallation source, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series Includes the latest information on neutron crystallography in structural biology
Download or read book Neutron Scattering Fundamentals written by Masatoshi Arai and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, neutron experimental techniques are described. The chapter covers the basics of neutron scattering, neutron source characteristics, diffraction techniques, inelastic neutron scattering, instruments for semi-macroscopic structure analysis, detectors, optics, choppers, and some concepts for instrument design. Techniques for both steady and pulsed sources are described, with more emphasis on the latter in view of the recent worldwide trend toward pulsed sources, generally pulsed spallation sources. The source character, even within the class of pulsed sources, has a significant influence on instrument design. Inelasticity effects in the total scattering technique are clearly specified in the chapter. Some details of chopper instruments, including resolution effects, are described, since this class of instruments has recently received considerable innovative development and use over a wide range of science. Recent developments in scintillation detectors are discussed as an alternative technology to more conventional 3He detectors. Optical components are becoming more and more important not only for neutron transport but also for background reduction. Neutron spin-echo techniques are presented as an example of the exploitation of polarized neutrons.
Download or read book Measurement and Detection of Radiation written by Nicholas Tsoulfanidis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As useful to students and nuclear professionals as its popular predecessors, this fifth edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. There have been many advances in the field of radiation detection, most notably in practical applications. Incorporating these important developments, Measurement and Detection of Radiation, Fifth Edition provides the most up-to-date and accessible introduction to radiation detector materials, systems, and applications. It also includes more problems and updated references and bibliographies, and step-by-step derivations and numerous examples illustrate key concepts. New to the Fifth Edition: • Expanded chapters on semiconductor detectors, data analysis methods, health physics fundamentals, and nuclear forensics. • Updated references and bibliographies. • New and expanded problems.
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Download or read book Scifi 93 Proceedings Of The Scintillating Fiber Detectors written by Alan D Bross and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-03-07 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contain over 80 contributions from an international group of scientists and engineers actively working on applications of fiber technology in high energy physics and related fields. Sessions included reviews of past, current and possible future detectors incorporating fiber technology for tracking and calorimetry. Special sessions covered photodetection techniques, including VLPCs, APDs and hybrid phototubes; recent advances in fiber structure, optical interconnection and mechanical support; and scintillation materials, including new developments in scintillation dyes and studies of radiation and environmental effects.Technical advances have been rapid in this promising area of detector development, and the SciFi93 proceedings serve as a useful reference on the state of the art.
Download or read book Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications written by Yacouba Diawara and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most common neutron detectors used in neutron scattering facilities and all of those in use at Oak Ridge National Lab. It starts describing the facilities, instruments and the critical detector parameters needed by various instruments. Then the key components of the 3He-based linear position-sensitive detectors as well as on their electronics, which require particular attention to signal processing and noise reduction, are introduced. One chapter is dedicated to the 3He alternatives where scintillators play a critical role. It also covers emerging neutron detection technologies including semiconductors, vacuum-based devices and their associated readouts, which will be required in the future for high rate and high-resolution neutron detectors. The authors explain the logic behind the choice of materials as well as the various constraints that neutron detectors must respect to be useful. Some of these constraints, such as efficiency and gamma-ray sensitivity are common to all neutron counters while others, like timing resolution, dynamic range, and peak counting rate, depend on the applications. The book guides experts, the nuclear science community, and young scholars through the physical processes and the required electronics in a way that is accessible for those not professionally involved in designing detector’s components and electronic circuits.
Download or read book The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting written by J. B. Birks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting is a comprehensive account of the theory and practice of scintillation counting. This text covers the study of the scintillation process, which is concerned with the interactions of radiation and matter; the design of the scintillation counter; and the wide range of applications of scintillation counters in pure and applied science. The book is easy to read despite the complex nature of the subject it attempts to discuss. It is organized such that the first five chapters illustrate the fundamental concepts of scintillation counting. Chapters 6 to 10 detail the properties and applications of organic scintillators, while the next four chapters discuss inorganic scintillators. The last two chapters provide a review of some outstanding problems and a postscript. Nuclear physicists, radiation technologists, and postgraduate students of nuclear physics will find the book a good reference material.
Download or read book Elements of Slow Neutron Scattering written by J. M. Carpenter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-04 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plastic Scintillators written by Matthieu Hamel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the physics and chemistry of plastic scintillators (fluorescent polymers) that are able to emit light when exposed to ionizing radiation, discussing their chemical modification in the early 1950s and 1960s, as well as the renewed upsurge in interest in the 21st century. The book presents contributions from various researchers on broad aspects of plastic scintillators, from physics, chemistry, materials science and applications, covering topics such as the chemical nature of the polymer and/or the fluorophores, modification of the photophysical properties (decay time, emission wavelength) and loading of additives to make the material more sensitive to, e.g., fast neutrons, thermal neutrons or gamma rays. It also describes the benefits of recent technological advances for plastic scintillators, such as nanomaterials and quantum dots, which allow features that were previously not achievable with regular organic molecules or organometallics.
