Download or read book NEURO COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS written by Califano Annamaria immacolata and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins early in childhood and lasts throughout a person's life.It is characterized by persistent deficits in the communication, social interaction and behavioral areas (DSM 5, 2013). ASD includes a wide range, u201ca spectrumu201d of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability. The aim of neuropsychological assessment is to identify cognitive strengths and weaknesses, to assess their consequences in everyday life, and to organize appropriate support. Regarding the neuropsychological profile of subjects with autism, the international scientific literature has highlighted the presence of deficits in the following domains: attention, executive functions, language, learning and Memory, Sensorimotor Processing (Molly Losh et al 2009;Narzisi et al 2013; Fjola Hyseni 2018)Objectives: to compare the neuropsychological profile of 4 school-age children diagnosed with autism. Methods: The sample consists of 4 male children aged between 6 and 9 years. Tools used are Wisc-IV and BVN scale (battery for neuropsychological assessment in childhood).Results: All children with low functioning presented different cognitive profiles. More impairments were found in working memory, processing speed, executive functions, visual-spatial memory. Strength is represented by short term verbal memory.Conclusions: A comprehensive investigation of the neuropsychological strengths and weaknesses of children with autism may help to better describe their cognitive abilities and to design appropriate interventions, in order to improve the quality of life of these subjects.

Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Autism written by Deborah Fein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuropsychology of Autism provides an up-to-date summary on the neuropsychology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), written by leaders in the field. It summarizes current knowledge about neurochemistry, neuroanatomy, genetics, and clinical presentations and provides helpful discussions on key functions such as language, memory, attention, executive functions, social cognition, motor and sensory functioning.

Download or read book Neurocognitive Functioning and Repetitive Behavior in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thinking Reasoning and Decision Making in Autism written by Kinga Morsanyi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thinking and Reasoning in Autism provides fresh insights into the cognitive processes that underlie some of the typical characteristics of autism. Autism has long been considered an enigma, and no single theory so far has been able to explain, or even fully describe, the key characteristics of the autistic mind. From the interdisciplinary perspective of new research in cognitive psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and neuroscience, this book explores thinking, reasoning and decision making in autism. The new cognitive approaches challenge some of the existing assumptions of the nature of thought in autism, including presumed areas of impairments. Instead, this book focuses on the nuanced array of cognitive signatures that characterize the autistic mind, and in many cases it reveals the possibility of intact performance alongside instances of remarkably enhanced thinking. The book considers the implications of these characteristics, providing in-depth analyses of specific areas of cognitive functioning, and their everyday manifestations. Featuring contributions from world-leading researchers from the fields of cognitive science and autism research, this volume will be essential reading for advanced students and researchers, as well as those working with individuals with autism spectrum disorders.

Download or read book Patterns of Cognitive Functioning in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Wai-On Ann So and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Patterns of Cognitive Functioning in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders" by Wai-on, Ann, So, 蘇惠安, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Previous research demonstrates an uneven pattern of cognitive abilities in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study examined whether this uneven pattern exists in preschool children. Participants include 24 children with high-functioning ASD and 28 typically developing (TD) children aged 4 to 6 with comparable average age and development level. No significant group difference in cognitive abilities was found between the ASD and TD group on the MANOVA. Patterns of cognitive functioning found include better performance on memory, weaker performance on language comprehension and expression, fine motor and speed of processing. Nonverbal and visual motor abilities were comparable between groups. Language expression was less impaired than language comprehension, and fine motor abilities were correlated with more cognitive abilities. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5394332 Subjects: Autism spectrum disorders in children

Download or read book Brain Connectivity in Autism written by Rajesh K. Kana and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain's ability to process information crucially relies on connectivity. Understanding how the brain processes complex information and how such abilities are disrupted in individuals with neuropsychological disorders will require an improved understanding of brain connectivity. Autism is an intriguingly complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multidimensional symptoms and cognitive characteristics. A biological origin for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had been proposed even in the earliest published accounts (Kanner, 1943; Asperger, 1944). Despite decades of research, a focal neurobiological marker for autism has been elusive. Nevertheless, disruptions in interregional and functional and anatomical connectivity have been a hallmark of neural functioning in ASD. Theoretical accounts of connectivity perceive ASD as a cognitive and neurobiological disorder associated with altered functioning of integrative circuitry. Neuroimaging studies have reported disruptions in functional connectivity (synchronization of activated brain areas) during cognitive tasks and during task-free resting states. While these insights are valuable, they do not address the time-lagged causality and directionality of such correlations. Despite the general promise of the connectivity account of ASD, inconsistencies and methodological differences among studies call for more thorough investigations. A comprehensive neurological account of ASD should incorporate functional, effective, and anatomical connectivity measures and test the diagnostic utility of such measures. In addition, questions pertaining to how cognitive and behavioral intervention can target connection abnormalities in ASD should be addressed. This research topic of the Frontiers in Human Neuroscience addresses “Brain Connectivity in Autism” primarily from cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging perspectives.

Download or read book Cognitive Functioning In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Normal Intelligence written by Konrad Kozu0142owski and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder with normal intelligenceBackground and aims: As the majority of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have more or less severe cognitive impairments, neuropsychological assessment has important implications in education and psychotherapeutic process. Intelligence tests are often used in cognitive assessment and in the division of individuals into high or low functioning groups. This procedure seems to be insufficient in examination of autistic children with normal intelligence.The objective of the research was to determine possible differences in cognitive functioning between children with high functioning autism (HFA) and normally developing children. Received psychopharmacotherapy and intensification of autistic symptoms were controlled.Methods: 21 children with ASD with normal intelligence were examined. The study was performed using selected tests of the Battery of Cognitive Functions PU-1. The results were compared with the tool standard. The results of children using and not using psychopharmacotherapy were compared. The correlation between intensification of autistic symptoms and cognitive functioning was analyzed.Results: HFA group received results lower than the tool standard in: selection and concentration of attention, phonological loop, working visual memory, number of errors made, categorial fluency. Received psychopharmacotherapy did not differentiate the examined children in terms of the cognitive functions studied. Intensified autistic symptoms relate with lower working memory and shorter time of planning task.Conclusions:Creating cognitive profiles of normal IQ HFA children with varying intensification of autistic symptoms seems to be beneficial in planning clinical interventions. Monitoring cognitive abilities depending on psychopharmacotherapy may be helpful in controlling side effects or in the decision to initiate psychopharmacotherapy.

Download or read book Language development in children with autism spectrum disorders written by Oliver Selzer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Pedagogy - Pedagogic Psychology, grade: 2,0, University of Cologne, language: English, abstract: The development or acquisition of language separates the human being from any other mammal, enabling him to efficiently communicate and socialize with every other member of the same race. Thus, acquiring and developing this form of communication is crucial not only for means of transporting meaning itself, but for ensuring the human race to exist. Under normal circumstances every child can acquire every existing language, depending on it’s surrounding (cf. chapter two). Normal circumstances imply medical, cognitive and social parameters; if these three determining factors play together typically, a child may acquire a language in a stage-like order. In each stage, fundamental elements (or rules) of language are being learned (e.g. phonology, morphology, prosody etc.). In case of an autism spectrum disorder, one or more of the three determining factors is deficient – hence the acquisition of language deviates from its typical course. As will be described in chapter one, the actual type of autism plays a pivotal role in how problems in language acquisition will manifest: e.g., children with Asperger syndrome or some other type of high-functioning autism will be more likely to have problems in Pragmatics, whereas children with low-functioning type of autism may be challenged with producing language at all. Hence in this paper, I will examine this deviant development by looking closely into the fundamental rules of language in “typical” and autistic learners. I will introduce very basic knowledge on medical, cognitive and social impairments autism spectrum disorders may consist of; then, the above mentioned comparison of fields of language will be conducted. Chapter four will conclude with prospects on therapeutics and teaching, introducing concepts and constructing possible classroom intervention.

Download or read book Learning and Cognition in Autism written by Eric Schopler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-of-its-kind volume describes the cognitive and educational characteristics of people with autism. Leading experts in the field contribute papers to this book, explaining intervention techniques and strategies. Parents, researchers, professionals, and clinicians interested in educating people with autism will appreciate this volume.

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders Developmental Trajectories Neurobiological Basis Treatment Update Volume 2 written by Roberto Canitano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atypical Cognitive Deficits in Developmental Disorders written by Sarah H. Broman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is based on a conference held to examine what is known about cognitive behaviors and brain structure and function in three syndromes and to evaluate the usefulness of such models. The goal of this endeavor is to add to the knowledge base of cognitive neuroscience within a developmental framework. Most of what is known about the neurological basis of cognitive function in humans has been learned from studies of central nervous system trauma or disease in adults. Certain neurodevelopmental disorders affect the central nervous system in unique ways by producing specific as opposed to generalized cognitive deficit. Studies of these disorders using neurobiological and behavioral techniques can yield new insights into the localization of cognitive function and the developmental course of atypical cognitive profiles. The focus of this book is a discussion of the multidisciplinary research findings from studies of autism, and Williams and Turner syndromes. The approaches, methods, techniques, and findings reported are at the cutting edge of neuroscience research on complex behavior patterns and their neural substrates. Each disorder is accompanied by some degree of general cognitive impairment or mental retardation. Of greater interest are the atypical deficits in which a cognitive function is spared, such as language in Williams syndrome, or is disproportionately depressed as are spatial discrimination skills and visual-motor coordination in Turner syndrome. Drastically reduced or seemingly absent language capabilities and little interaction with other people characterize the core autism syndrome. A comprehensive and critical discussion of appropriate statistical techniques is made vivid by examples given from studies of small groups or single subjects in neurolinguistics and related fields.

Download or read book Memory In Autism written by Jill Boucher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are remarkably proficient at remembering how things look and sound, even years after an event. They are also good at rote learning and establishing habits and routines. Some even have encyclopaedic memories. However, all individuals with ASD have difficulty in recalling personal memories and reliving experiences, and less able people may have additional difficulty in memorising facts. This book assembles research on memory in autism to examine why this happens and the effects it has on people's lives. The contributors utilise advances in the understanding of normal memory systems and their breakdown as frameworks for analysing the neuropsychology and neurobiology of memory in autism. The unique patterning of memory functions across the spectrum illuminates difficulties with sense of self, emotion processing, mental time travel, language and learning, providing a window into the nature and causes of autism itself.

Download or read book Autism and Cognitive Architecture written by Miklós Győri and published by Akademiai Kiads. This book was released on 2006 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume attempts to integrate two streams of cognitive research which often run parallel: largely conceptual investigations on the overall framework of human cognition and the much more empirical study of neurocognitive developmental disorders in this case, autism. The book is partly a conceptual analysis exploring the issue of domain specificity and its place in cognitive theory, but it also offers a detailed summary of the phenomena of autism, a critical evaluation of its cognitive psychological models, and presents new empirical findings on the complexity of beyond-childhood development of theory of mind ability in autism. Besides the integration and an overview of these three major themes, the novelty of the presented theses lies primarily in the comprehensiveness of the offered conceptual framework for domain-specificity, and in the empirical findings which strongly suggest that functioning theory of mind ability and non-theory-of-mind compensatory strategies co-exist

Download or read book Autism and Talent written by Francesca Happé and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Originating from a theme issue first published in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences."

Download or read book Autism written by Evelyn McGregor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-12-17 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on autism has flourished in recent years. As a result, specialism has developed and lines of research have become specialized and isolated. This collection of research on autism spectrum disorders investigates and cross-references a wide range of neurocognitive, clinical, and interventionist perspectives on autistic spectrum disorders research – from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging studies to naturalistic intervention. Accessible to students, parents and practitioners, Autism provides an overview of high profile research Features contributions from teams at the forefront of research output in the UK, Europe and the United States Introductory and concluding chapters highlighting major research themes while exploring broader issues on the integration of autism research,

Download or read book Development and Brain Systems in Autism written by Marcel Adam Just and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers several perspectives on autism which bring together the most recent scientific views of the nature of this disorder. A number of themes organize major developments and emerging areas in autism: Cognitive and neural systems development: how autism arises in the behavior and thought of very young children. Discovering brain mechanisms underlying social and cognitive deficits in autism: how we can explain "social awkwardness" and poor language comprehension in terms of malfunctions of brain mechanisms, revealed by fMRI studies of people with autism. Integrating information about genes, brain, and biological mechanisms with behavioral evidence. Linking the science of autism with lives lived: how the new information about autism impacts people with autism and real-world considerations.

Download or read book The Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Integration in ASD and Typical Cognition written by Dorit Ben Shalom and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-05-17 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook explores within-discipline implications and and across-discipline connections of the Ben Shalom (2009) model. The 12 papers hail from psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, philosophy, and biology.