Download or read book Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory Consolidation written by Okka Janneke Risius and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analyzing Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory written by Sean Patrick Wright and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation written by Nikolai Axmacher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume provides an overview the state-of-the-art in the field of cognitive neuroscience of memory consolidation. In a number of sections, the editors collect contributions of leading researchers . The topical focus lies on current issues of interest such as memory consolidation including working and long-term memory. In particular, the role of sleep in relation to memory consolidation will be addressed. The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of cognitive neuroscience but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

Download or read book Confidence in Memories Behavioral and Neural Approaches written by Hannah Reade Joo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain computes and uses uncertainty to guide decision-making. While this is well established for information sensed externally in the form of perceptions, it is less established whether information retrieved from internal storage, in the form of episodic memory, is also treated probabilistically. To test this question, we developed a spatial episodic memory task in which rats gamble their time on a memory choice in each trial, indicating their confidence in its accuracy. We found that rats express higher confidence on correct trials than errors, indicating a degree of self-reflective consciousness thought previously to exist only in humans. We introduce a generative model for episodic memory confidence that predicts the observed patterns of memory confidence. To investigate the neural correlates of memory confidence, we implanted four rats with triple-site, local field potential (LFP) and single-unit recording devices targeting the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and dorsal hippocampus. To perform these surgeries, we developed a novel method for the implantation of thin-film polymer electrode arrays through the dura mater. We demonstrate that this technology can yield long-term, high quality single unit and LFP recordings. To investigate the neural activity in these three regions as it may relate to memory confidence, we took as a starting point the decades-old observation that the hippocampus is required for memory, and the more recent finding that hippocampal neurons store and send information about past experience to the rest of the brain. In particular, a hippocampal neural activity pattern known as the sharp wave-ripple (SWR) is an LFP event associated with highly synchronous neural firing in the hippocampus and modulation of neural activity in distributed brain regions. A growing body of evidence indicates that SWRs support both memory consolidation and memory retrieval. This work is summarized in a synthetic review that introduces the perspective that the SWR may mediate the retrieval of stored representations that can be utilized immediately by downstream circuits in decision-making, planning, recollection, or a confidence evaluation, while simultaneously initiating memory consolidation processes. Finally, a proof-of-concept study of SWR function in the episodic memory task is presented.

Download or read book Progress in Episodic Memory Research written by Ekrem Dere and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic memory refers to the ability to remember personal experiences in terms of what happened and where and when it happened. Humans are also able to remember the specific perceptions, emotions and thoughts they had during a particular experience. This highly sophisticated and unique memory system is extremely sensitive to cerebral aging, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. The field of episodic memory research is a continuously expanding and fascinating area that unites a broad spectrum of scientists who represent a variety of research disciplines including neurobiology, medicine, psychology and philosophy. Nevertheless, important questions still remain to be addressed. This research topic on the Progress in Episodic Memory Research covers past and current directions in research dedicated to the neurobiology, neuropathology, development, measurement and treatment of episodic memory.

Download or read book Neural Correlates of Memory Consolidation During Waking State and Sleep written by Lorena Deuker and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory Formation in Children and Adults written by Lingfei Tang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are two key brain regions that support episodic memory formation in both children and adults, but the functional developmental of these regions remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the development of neural correlates of episodic memory formation using functional MRI with a subsequent memory paradigm, administered to a cross-sectional sample of 83 children and adults. We found that MTL subregions showed an age-related increase in activation supporting memory formation of complex scenes. In addition, a functionally defined scene-sensitive region in the posterior MTL also showed similar increase and predicted better memory for complex scenes. Within the PFC we found age-related increase in both activation and deactivation that support memory formation. Finally, we found age-related increase in the functional connectivity between dorsal lateral PFC and posterior MTL regions. Taken together, these findings suggest that the continued functional development of the MTL and the PFC is crucial for age-related improvements in memory.

Download or read book Neural Correlates of Inhibition in Episodic Memory written by Maria Wimber and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Memory in a Social Context written by Takashi Tsukiura and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores new points of view of human memory in the link among mind, brain, and society. Research of human memory traditionally has been in the field of experimental psychology, and a number of psychological researchers have come upon important findings regarding human memory. They have provided critical theories to explain human memory processes, but this approach is hitting a brick wall. The experimental psychological approach or laboratory-based approach to human memory functions is examined in a very controlled environment, but the evidence obtained from this approach may not necessarily reflect real-life events in our mind. In addition, findings from experimental psychology have often ignored the link with biological structures, or the brain. One solution is a cognitive neuroscience approach, in which functional neuroimaging techniques have enabled us to view how memory processes are represented in the brain. In addition, the new approach extends the traditional concept of human memory into a wider framework by reconsidering memory functions in a social context. These advanced approaches help us to understand how “social memory” is represented in the human brain and is processed in real-life situations. The work reported in this volume is at the forefront of cognitive neuroscience in the research of human memory in a social context and the potential application of memory research. This book will help to motivate young scientists and graduate and undergraduate students in psychology and neuroscience.

Download or read book Behavioural and Neural Correlates of Individual Differences in Episodic Memory written by Daniela Palombo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory Formation written by Nicole Marie Long and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to remember what you had for breakfast today, you must rely on episodic memory, the memory for personal events situated within a spatiotemporal context. In this dissertation, I use electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings to measure the neural correlates of successful episodic memory formation. The recorded EEG signals simultaneously sample local field potentials throughout the brain, and can be analyzed in terms of specific time-varying oscillatory or spectral components of neural activity which are thought to reflect the concerted activity of neuronal populations. I collected EEG recordings while participants engage in free recall, an episodic memory task during which participants must study and then recall a list of items. In the first chapter, I compare the spectral correlates during encoding of items later remembered to those later forgotten using two separate recording modalities, scalp and intracranial EEG. I find that memory formation is characterized by broad low frequency spectral power decreases and high frequency power increases across both datasets, suggesting that scalp EEG can resolve high frequency activity (HFA) and that low frequency decreases in intracranial EEG are unlikely due to pathology. In the next chapter, I connect these HFA increases to memory-specific processes by comparing study items based on how they are recalled, not whether they are recalled. I find increased HFA in left lateral cortex and hippocampus during the encoding of subsequently clustered items, those items recalled consecutively with their study neighbors at test. The precise time course of these results suggests that context updating mechanisms and item-to-context associative mechanisms support successful memory formation. In the third chapter, I measure how the formation of these episodic associations is modulated by pre-existing semantic associations by including a semantic orienting task during the encoding interval. I find that semantic processing interferes with the formation of new, episodic memories. In the final chapter, I show that the memory benefit for emotionally valenced items is better explained by a contextual mechanism than an attentional mechanism. Together, my work supports the theory that contextual encoding associative mechanisms, reflected by HFA increases in the memory network, support memory formation.

Download or read book The Wiley Handbook on The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory written by Donna Rose Addis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory presents a comprehensive overview of the latest, cutting-edge neuroscience research being done relating to the study of human memory and cognition. Features the analysis of original data using cutting edge methods in cognitive neuroscience research Presents a conceptually accessible discussion of human memory research Includes contributions from authors that represent a “who’s who” of human memory neuroscientists from the U.S. and abroad Supplemented with a variety of excellent and accessible diagrams to enhance comprehension

Download or read book Neurodynamics of Episodic Memory Consolidation written by Jeremy Lee Smith and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Permanent Present Tense written by Suzanne Corkin and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1953, 27-year-old Henry Gustave Molaison underwent an experimental "psychosurgical" procedure -- a targeted lobotomy -- in an effort to alleviate his debilitating epilepsy. The outcome was unexpected -- when Henry awoke, he could no longer form new memories, and for the rest of his life would be trapped in the moment. But Henry's tragedy would prove a gift to humanity. As renowned neuroscientist Suzanne Corkin explains in Permanent Present Tense, she and her colleagues brought to light the sharp contrast between Henry's crippling memory impairment and his preserved intellect. This new insight that the capacity for remembering is housed in a specific brain area revolutionized the science of memory. The case of Henry -- known only by his initials H. M. until his death in 2008 -- stands as one of the most consequential and widely referenced in the spiraling field of neuroscience. Corkin and her collaborators worked closely with Henry for nearly fifty years, and in Permanent Present Tense she tells the incredible story of the life and legacy of this intelligent, quiet, and remarkably good-humored man. Henry never remembered Corkin from one meeting to the next and had only a dim conception of the importance of the work they were doing together, yet he was consistently happy to see her and always willing to participate in her research. His case afforded untold advances in the study of memory, including the discovery that even profound amnesia spares some kinds of learning, and that different memory processes are localized to separate circuits in the human brain. Henry taught us that learning can occur without conscious awareness, that short-term and long-term memory are distinct capacities, and that the effects of aging-related disease are detectable in an already damaged brain. Undergirded by rich details about the functions of the human brain, Permanent Present Tense pulls back the curtain on the man whose misfortune propelled a half-century of exciting research. With great clarity, sensitivity, and grace, Corkin brings readers to the cutting edge of neuroscience in this deeply felt elegy for her patient and friend.

Download or read book Memory Amnesia and the Hippocampal System written by Neal J. Cohen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 1182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this sweeping synthesis, Neal J. Cohen and Howard Eichenbaum bring together converging findings from neuropsychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science that provide the critical clues and constraints for developing a more comprehensive understanding of memory. Specifically, they offer a cognitive neuroscience theory of memory that accounts for the nature of memory impairment exhibited in human amnesia and animal models of amnesia, that specifies the functional role played by the hippocampal system in memory, and that provides further understanding of the componential structure of memory.The authors' central thesis is that the hippocampal system mediates a capacity for declarative memory, the kind of memory that in humans supports conscious recollection and the explicit and flexible expression of memories. They argue that this capacity emerges from a representation of critical relations among items in memory, and that such a relational representation supports the ability to make inferences and generalizations from memory, and to manipulate and flexibly express memory in countless ways. In articulating such a description of the fundamental nature of declarative representation and of the mnemonic capabilities to which it gives rise, the authors' theory constitutes a major extension and elaboration of the earlier procedural-declarative account of memory.Support for this view is taken from a variety of experimental studies of amnesia in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. Additional support is drawn from observations concerning the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the hippocampal system. The data taken from divergent literatures are shown to converge on the central theme of hippocampal involvement in declarative memory across species and across behavioral paradigms.

Download or read book Behavioural and Neural Correlates of Memory Loss written by Jie Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although the loss of memory has long been recognised as fundamental to memory function as initial memory formation, considerably less is known about the neurobiology of forgetting. Therefore, we explore neurobiological correlates of three distinct forgetting phenomena.(1) The nature of experimental amnesia has traditionally been discussed within a framework of analysis based on the distinction of storage versus retrieval impairment, with the view that experimental amnesia arises either from memories being unavailable (impaired storage) or inaccessible (impaired retrieval). Using a second learning protocol that takes advantage of the fact that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are required for the initial but not subsequent learning of a task, it is possible to behaviourally dissociate whether loss of a specific memory is caused by a storage or retrieval impairment. In Chapter 2, we describe experiments in which we employ this approach to show that infusions of ZIP, an inhibitor of a protein required for memory maintenance (PKM[zeta]), leads a later-learned memory to become NMDAR-dependent, a finding that suggests the induced amnesia reflects impaired memory storage. Western blot quantification of GluA2-subunit containing [alpha]-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (GluA2-AMPAR) expression levels in the dorsal hippocampus (dPHC) revealed that decreased memory expression in animals infused with ZIP went along with increased GluA2-AMPARs. This suggests that the correlation between GluA2-AMPAR expression and memory expression might not be as linear as we expected. (2) In Chapter 3, we asked whether impairing the reconsolidation of an object location memory leads to memory loss consistent with a storage or retrieval impairment view of amnesia. We infused the transcription inhibitor sulfasalazine (SSZ) into the dHPC after reactivating long-term object location memories, and using the second learning protocol, found this inhibition rendered subsequent learning NMDAR-dependent. Thus, similar to the results in Chapter 2, these findings suggest that impairing memory reconsolidation leads to a memory loss consistent with the position that the intervention impaired memory storage processes, and not memory retrieval. Western blot assays showed no difference in GluA2-AMPAR expression levels in dHPC neurons, which may indicate that the changes that are likely occurring as a result of reconsolidation blockade are too minimal to be detected with this technique.(3) In Chapter 4, we explored biochemical correlates of decay of long-term object location memories. We varied the time between memory acquisition and test, and measure the expression of GluA2-AMPARs in the dHPC. We found the hypothesized gradual decrease in memory expression with increasing retention time, leading to apparent full memory loss after seven days. However, we did not find a positive correlation between GluA2-AMPAR expression and memory strength as hypothesized by the literature. Taken together with the results from Chapter 2 and 3, the inconsistency of GluA2-AMPAR expression in our studies suggest that western blots might not be a suitable method of assessment for the types of memories studied in our experiments.In summary, our data indicate that experimental amnesia observed after impairing memory consolidation and reconsolidation reflects the actual loss of a memory trace, and thus supports the idea that these forms of memory loss are best explained with compromised memory storage, not memory retrieval. Based on the unexpected results from our study on the relationship between memory loss during natural memory decay over time and expression of GluA2-AMPARs, we note that biochemical assessments like western blots may not be sensitive enough for the molecular analyses needed in these studies." --

Download or read book Investigating Episodic and Semantic Memory written by Gemma Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: