Download or read book Neonatal Immunity written by Constantin Bona and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-05 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical review of the classic, as wells as most recent-and quite seminal-findings concerning the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of both fetal and neonatal B and T cells, the cells that mediate antibody and cellular immune responses in newborns and infants. Dr. Bona shows how the antibody response of neonates is modulated by maternal antibodies and how, in certain cases, this can cause transient or life-threatening neonatal autoimmune disease. He also describes the characteristics of neonatal tolerance induced by foreign allo- and self-antigens, which are the basis for understanding impaired infant immune response and which provide a rationale for the development of efficient neonatal vaccines. By making clear the characteristics and differences between the immune system and the immune responses of both newborns and infants, compared to those of adults, Dr. Bona offers insights and challenging hypotheses that promise to help overcome the poor responses of neonates to various antigens.

Download or read book Neonatal Hematology written by Pedro A. de Alarcón and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential guide to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of hematologic problems in the neonate, covering erythrocyte disorders, leukocyte disorders, immunologic disorders and hemostatic disorders. Guidance is practical, including blood test interpretation, advice on transfusions and reference ranges for hematological values.

Download or read book Immunity and Inflammation in Health and Disease written by Shampa Chatterjee and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunity and Inflammation in Health and Disease: Emerging Roles of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Immune Support provides a comprehensive description of the various pathways by which the vertebrate immune system works, the signals that trigger immune response and how fnew and novel nutraceuticals and functional foods, can be used to contain inflammation and also to boost immunity and immune health. Inflammation is a tool to fight pathogens and the vertebrate immune system has a very complex network of cells to achieve this. However inflammation that goes awry is also the leding cause of several diseases ranging from cardiovascular diseases to diabetes. This book covers the entire gamut from the various cellular players in the inflammation-immune response to its ramifications in terms of protection against pathogens as well as in onset of metabolic, aging and auto-immune related diseases. Finally, the balancing role of dietary nutrients between host defence and immune support is also showcased. The first three scetions explain the various components of the immune system and their modes of activation. The fourth section deals with the ramifications of a robust and execessive inflammatory response. The fifth section is focused on the association between nutrition and immunity and how deficiencies in certain nutrients may affect immunocompetence. The sixth section chapters represent a vision of paradigm shifts within the field and discusses possible future directions. This bool will be a valuable reference for researchers studying immune health either in academia, or in the nutraceutical or functional food industries. Product developers in nutraceutical, supplement, functional food, and health food companies will also appreciate the information presented here. Conceptualizes the key features in natural products which can boost immune function and immune health Explains the intricate mechanistic aspects and balance behind immune health Presents the pathophysiology of several diseases associated with immune system disruption

Download or read book The Neonatal Immune System A Unique Host Microbial Interface written by Joseph M. Bliss and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging from the protective environment of the uterus, the newborn is exposed to a myriad of microbes, and quickly establishes a complex microbiome that shapes the infant’s biology in ways that are only now beginning to come to light. Among these exposures are a number of potential pathogens. The host responses to these pathogens in the neonatal period are unique, reflecting a developing immune system even with delivery at term. Preterm infants are delivered at a time when host defense mechanisms are even less developed and therefore face additional risk. As such, the organisms that cause disease in this period are different from the pathogens that are common in other age groups, or the disease they cause manifests in more severe fashion. Developmental alterations in both innate and adaptive immune responses in neonates have been documented among many cell types and pathways over the last several decades. Contemporary insights into the human immune system and methodologies that allow an “omics” approach to these questions have continued to provide new information regarding the mechanisms that underlie the human neonate as an “immunocompromised host.” This Research Topic highlights studies related to this unique host-pathogen interface. Contributions include those related to the innate or adaptive immune system of neonates, their response to microbial colonization or infection, and/or the pathogenesis of microbes causing disease in neonates.

Download or read book Immunology of the Neonate written by G.Roberto Burgio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, many new observations have profoundly changed our concepts of the immune competence of the newborn. For the immune system, as for other systems and functions, the neonatal age represents a crucial transition period. In fact the immune characteristics of the fetus are likely to result fro- or be conditioned by - several often contradictory physiological requirements. On the one hand, it would certainly be an advantage for the fetus to acquire a complete immunocompetence as soon as possible in order to be able to cope with the eventual transplacental passage of pathogenic microorganisms and possibly also in order to reject maternal cells occasionally crossing the placental nd barrier. This is actually what occurs, at least in part, during the 2 and Jfd month of gestation when the fetus begins to acquire his biological individuality and at the same time the role of a "biological ego" resulting from the attain ment by the immune system of the capacity to discriminate between self and nonself.

Download or read book SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death written by Roger W. Byard and published by . This book was released on 2018-04 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers aspects of sudden infant and early childhood death, ranging from issues with parental grief, to the most recent theories of brainstem neurotransmitters. It also deals with the changes that have occurred over time with the definitions of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), SUDI (sudden unexpected death in infancy) and SUDIC (sudden unexpected death in childhood). The text will be indispensable for SIDS researchers, SIDS organisations, paediatric pathologists, forensic pathologists, paediatricians and families, in addition to residents in training programs that involve paediatrics. It will also be of use to other physicians, lawyers and law enforcement officials who deal with these cases, and should be a useful addition to all medical examiner/forensic, paediatric and pathology departments, hospital and university libraries on a global scale. Given the marked changes that have occurred in the epidemiology and understanding of SIDS and sudden death in the very young over the past decade, a text such as this is very timely and is also urgently needed.

Download or read book Reducing Neonatal Infectious Morbidity and Mortality Joining Up Our Thinking written by Christine Elizabeth Jones and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-25 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Immunology of Milk and the Neonate written by Jiri Mestecky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the course of history, humans have attempted to interrupt the physiological and psychological bond formed between a nursing mother and her child by substituting breastfeeding with artificial formulas. A growing body of evidence indicates that breast milk, quite apart from its unsurpassed nutritive value, contains a large number of substances that protect the offspring from common infectious agents and allergens and promote the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. In addition to well described milk antibodies and soluble mediators of innate immunity, milk cells and pluripotent secreted factors - cytokines - are currently in the forefront of extensive research with respect to their importance in milk immunology. The purpose of this conference was to critically evaluate the current state of our knowledge concerning the protective role of immune agents found in milk, to provide up-to-date information of milk factors with respect to their role in the maturation of immunological defense systems in the neonate, and to reassess the importance of breastfeeding in the prevention of allergies in formula-fed infants. We hope that the work presented by international participants will prompt many new ideas and stimulate further research in this important area. This conference was sponsored primarily by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. We would like to thank Drs. Sumner Yaffe and Delbert Dayton for their efforts with the organization, planning, and support of this conference.

Download or read book The Immunity of the Human Foetus and Newborn Infant written by Ivo Miler and published by Springer. This book was released on 1983 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 7 Introduction - what is ontogenesis? 9 Ontogenesis of immunity of the human foetus 12 Development of the cellular substrate of the immune system . . . . . . . 13 Development of the lymphatic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Synthesis of immunologically active proteins - the complement components and immunoglobulins - in the foetal period 18 Complement components. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Immunoglobulin synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 B lymphocytes with surface membrane immunoglobulins 26 Transmission of antibodies ami immunoglobulins from mother to foetus 29 Transplacental transmission of specific antibodies . . . . . . . * 29 Transplacental transmission of immunoglobulins . . . . . . . . . 33 Physiological conditions for the transmission of immunoglobulins from mother to foetus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Mechanism of transplacental transmission of IgG . . . . . . . . . . 39 Role of the Fc fragment of the IgG molecule and of cell receptors in the transplacental transmission of IgG . . . . . 42 Antibacterial mechanisms of the amniotic fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Ontogenesis of the foetus's cellular immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Incidence in the foetus of T lymphocytes forming spontaneous E rosettes 48 Functional activity of the T cell system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Response offoetallymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation in vitro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Proliferative response of foetal lymphocytes to stimulation by allogenic cells in mi. xed lymphocyte cultures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Effector activity of foetal lymphocytes - cytotoxicity . . . . . . . . 52 Chronological survey of the commencement of foetal immunocompetence 53 Immunity of the physiological neonate Natural (nonspecific) neonatal immunity . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Cellular factors of natural neonatal immunity. The function of poly morp- nuclear (PMN) leucocytes - the inflammatory reaction . . . . .

Download or read book Hematology Immunology and Infectious Disease Neonatology Questions and Controversies written by Robin K Ohls and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2008-03-06 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new reference brings you information about the most controversial hematology, immunology, and infectious disease challenges you face in your practice. The book confidently tackles these subjects and gives seasoned advice on the latest diagnostic and treatment strategies using evidence-based medicine wherever possible. It gives you the latest information you need to keep pace with the fast-paced, dynamic environment of neonatology. Addresses controversial topics head on, so you can decide how to handle these difficult practice issues. Serves as the bridge between the latest cutting-edge research and its application to clinical practice. Assembles a world-class group of neonatologists, representing the true leaders of the specialty, to ensure the most authoritative content available.

Download or read book Neonatal Nutrition for Inflammatory Disorders and Necrotizing Enterocolitis written by Misty Good and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Nutrients Special Issue focuses on neonatal nutritional advances for inflammatory disorders affecting infants such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Nutrition can significantly impact the development of certain diseases that afflict infants. This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest research on the role of nutrition in preventing or impacting neonatal disorders. Specifically, this Special Issue focuses on the role of breast milk or donor breast milk and the various components in milk that have been demonstrated to protect against NEC and other inflammatory diseases. This issue provides a comprehensive composite of the advances in nutritional strategies that can modulate or prevent neonatal intestinal disorders.

Download or read book Milk Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome Impact on the Neonate written by P.L. Ogra and published by S. Karger. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable advances have been made in science in order to understand the varied mixture of bioactive components in human milk. The 94th Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop was designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings in human milk research and its potential to modulate mucosal immunity, the microbiome, and its impact on the neonate. The publication provides a balanced state-of-the-art update on the current knowledge about milk, mucosal immunity, and the microbiome as well as their impact on breastfeeding in mammalian neonates. The first part reviews data on the immunology of milk and lactation from a historical perspective to the latest scientific findings. The second part discusses the microbiology of human milk and lactation in detail, with a focus on premature infants and necrotizing enterocolitis. And finally, in the third part, light is shed on the protective factors in human milk and their role in influencing the neonate’s immune system. Important new insights will provide great scientific support for all people seeking a deeper understanding of human milk and its immunological properties and will enlarge the knowledge of those who have already specialized in human milk research.

Download or read book Maternal Fetal Neonatal Physiology written by Susan Tucker Blackburn and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No further information has been provided for this title.

Download or read book Hematology Immunology and Infectious Disease Neonatology Questions and Controversies E Book written by Robin K Ohls and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-02-16 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, a volume in Dr. Polin’s Neonatology: Questions and Controversies Series, offers expert authority on some of the toughest challenges you face in your practice. This medical reference book will help you provide better evidence-based care and improve patient outcomes with research on the latest advances. Reconsider how you handle difficult practice issues with coverage that addresses these topics head on and offers opinions from the leading experts in the field, supported by evidence whenever possible. Find information quickly and easily with a consistent chapter organization. Get the most authoritative advice available from world-class neonatologists who have the inside track on new trends and developments in neonatal care.

Download or read book Early onset Neonatal Sepsis written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Foetal and Neonatal Immunology written by J. B. Solomon and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Immunization Safety Review written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-07-02 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By two years of age, healthy infants in the United States can receive up to 20 vaccinations to protect against 11 diseases. Although most people know that vaccines effectively protect against serious infectious diseases, approximately one-quarter of parents in a recent survey believe that infants get more vaccines than are good for them, and that too many immunizations could overwhelm an infant's immune system. The Immunization Safety Review Committee reviewed the evidence regarding the hypothesis that multiple immunizations increase the risk for immune dysfunction. Specifically, the committee looked at evidence of potential biological mechanisms and at epidemiological evidence for or against causality related to risk for infections, the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, and allergic disorders.