Download or read book Labour written by Jean Vercherand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labour: A Heterodox Approach provides a theoretical reconstruction of the labour and job market by examining it in a rich historical context. It explores the fundamental implications of the theories of consumption and growth and aims at solving the difficulties raised by the dominant economic theories (neoclassical, Keynesian, supply side) by taking into account the dimension of the historical conflict of the labour market and the public intervention that results from it, such as the construction of a specific legal framework that is to say, labour law. The work focuses on providing a description of conflict and intervention, the market's leading characteristics, and demonstrates that they can be interpreted by introducing two major remedial hypotheses in economic fundamentals. It also contributes to solving several theoretical controversies and highlights the two main perspectives on the economic regulation of the labour market.
Download or read book Labor Economics Modern Views written by William Alexander Darity Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflections on the State of the Art in Labor Economics 3 William Darity, Jr. /I 21 ESSAYS 1 The Methodology and Practice of Modern Labor 23 Economics: A Critique Rhonda M. Williams 2 Discrimination Against Women: Theory and Evidence 53 Francine D. Blau 3 Theoretical Explanations of the Persistence of Racial 91 Unemployment Differentials Julianne Malveaux 4 The Effect of Racial Differences in Background 119 on Schooling: A Survey Linda P. Datcher 5 133 Occupational Safety and Health Regulation and Economic Theory William T. Dickens v vi CONTENTS 6 Structure, Process, and the Labor Market 175 Samuel Friedman 7 The Phillips Curve Controversy and Orthodox 219 Visions of the Labor Market Kathryn E. Allen 11/ COMMENTS 239 Comment on Chapters by Blau and Datcher 241 Saul D. Hoffman Labor Economics, Preferences, and the 257 Rationality Assumption: A Comment on Blau, Dickens, and Malveaux Samuel L. Myers, Jr. Occupational Safety and Health Regulation and 269 Economic Theory: A Comment Stephen A. Woodbury A Comment on the Market in Labor Power 279 Paul Zarembka Author Index 285 Subject Index 289 Contributing Authors 295 I INTRODUCTION REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF THE ART IN LABOR ECONOMICS William Darity, Jr. Preliminary Remarks As Rhonda Williams observes in the lead chapter in this volume, modern labor economics has become, for the most part, an extensive branch of ap plied microeconomics. Williams' observation has been echoed by Paul McNulty (pp.
Download or read book Three Worlds of Labour Economics written by Garth L. Mangum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1988. More than ever before, the economics profession is divided among three competing schools of thought. Especially in labor economics, neoclassical, institutional, and radical perspectives contend, each approaching its analysis of issues from different world views and separate sets of assumptions. This book presents four issues in labor economics, income distribution, racial discrimination, comparable worth and the international division of labor.
Download or read book Neoclassical Economic Theory 1870 to 1930 written by Klaus Hennings and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warren J. Samuels Each book in this series explores the present status of its field in terms of where it is, how it got there, the existing tensions within the field, and something of how the field might develop in the future. Each book presumes that work in each field is neither settled nor unequivocal. Each book attempts to comprehend its field as an evolving, developmental process or set or efforts. This particular book, covering neoclassical economics, is the third of three in the field of the History of Economic Thought. The others are Pre-Classical Economic Thought, edited by S. Todd Lowry, and Classical Political Economy, edited by William O. Thweatt. Each one conducts the same kind of analysis as the others in the series, with the understanding that here we are dealing with the history of interpretation, rather than a substantive body of analysis of a certain aspect of the economy: for example, labor or international trade. (That understanding must be com plex and subtle, inasmuch as revision of interpretation of earlier ideas is part of the process-both cause and consequence-of re-analyzing the economy. ) In this group we are interested in how recent and contemporary writers have interpreted the history of economic thought differently, both among themselves and from earlier writers. 1 NEOCLASSICAL ECONOMIC lHEORY 2 Several topics must be discussed to place such work in perspective, in part as it is here applied to the history of the interpretation of neoclassical economics.
Download or read book Neoclassical Labor Economics written by Michael L. Wachter and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whereas law and economics appears throughout business law, it never caught on in legal commentary about labor and employment law. A major reason is that the goals of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), the country's foundational labor law, are at war with basic principles of economics. The lack of integration is unfortunate if understandable. Notwithstanding the NLRA's normative goal to keep wages out of competition, economic analysis applies as centrally to labor markets as to any other market. One of the NLRA's primary goals is to equalize bargaining power. Its drafters envisioned achieving this goal through procedural and substantive means: increasing the number of people covered by collective bargaining contracts and raising union wages above competitive levels. These goals, however, are in conflict. For the NLRA to succeed, the relationship between demand (employment) and prices (wages) would have to be upward sloping. Unfortunately, the reverse is true. While the adverse tradeoff between above-market union wages and union employment was not as marked in the Wagner Act, the NLRA's vision became unattainable once the Taft-Hartley amendments sanctioned competition between union and nonunion models of the employment relationship. This Chapter uses neoclassical economics to analyze several theoretical and policy issues. For example, it considers the efficiency wage theory that unions can raise productivity to offset above-market pay. Efficiency wages work when employees respond to a reward, as in above market pay, with greater loyalty. Yet union workers are more likely to be loyal to their labor unions than the firm that the union claims resisted the higher pay. The efficiency wage model works better in the nonunion model, the context in which it was first developed. While unions may be preferred on normative grounds, the highly competitive political economy of the United States makes it difficult for unions to succeed.
Download or read book Labour Economics written by J.E. King and published by Palgrave. This book was released on 1990-06-19 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive discussion of alternative theories of the labour market - Neoclassical, Post-Keynesian, Radical-Marxian, Institutionalist and Green, and their application to wages, employment and income distribution. The book concludes by supporting theoretical pluralism in labour economics.
Download or read book The Institutionalist Tradition in Labor Economics written by Dell P. Champlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there are many economists in schools, government, unions, and non-profit organizations working in the institutionalst tradition, there has been no book that describes this tradition -- until now. Editors Champlin and Knoedler have brought together prominent labor economists, highly respected institutional economists, and newer scholars working on such compelling issues as immigration, wage discrimination, and living wages. Their essays portray the institutionalist tradition in labor as it exists today as well as its historical and theoretical origins. The result is a major contribution to the literature of labor economics, institutionalist economics, and the history of economic thought.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Wages and Unemployment written by William Oliver Coleman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this tightly argued work William Coleman explores the macroeconomic implications of politically based restraints on competition in labour markets. Through a suite of compact models the author investigates the consequences of the labour force securing the best terms of sale for its labour by means of the electoral mechanism. He concludes that such ?electorally optimal' labour regulation can explain not only wage rigidity and unemployment, but also wage volatility; episodes of excess demand for labour; the co-existence of an inefficient state sector with an efficient private sector; and the preference for a minimum wage over a universal wage regulation. Finally, the approach can rationalise nominal wage rigidity, and not solely real wage rigidity. In sum, the analysis promises to both complete the Classical explanation of unemployment by predicting when, why and how real wages will be rigid, and at the same time to better secure Keynesian insights by suggesting how money rigidity may be characteristic of electorally optimal labour regulation.
Download or read book Economics written by Xiaokai Yang and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2001-03-05 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative text ushers in a new way of examining basic economic issues. It teaches economics from a different standpoint, based on specialization and the division of labor. Resource allocation for a given level of division of labor is shown as not the only determination for demand and supply. Levels of division of labor are shown as a major factors as well.
Download or read book Labor Economics written by Don Bellante and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1983 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook on labour economics - covers labour demand and labour supply, wage differentials in market economies, and in relation to employment factors and imperfect competition, macroeconomics of labour markets (unemployment, inflation), etc. Illustrations and references.
Download or read book Labor Economics second edition written by Pierre Cahuc and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 1081 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of a widely used, comprehensive graduate-level text and professional reference covering all aspects of labor economics, with substantial new material. This landmark graduate-level text combines depth and breadth of coverage with recent, cutting-edge work in all the major areas of modern labor economics. Its command of the literature and its coverage of the latest theoretical, methodological, and empirical developments make it also a valuable resource for practicing labor economists. This second edition has been substantially updated and augmented. It incorporates examples drawn from many countries, and it presents empirical methods using contributions that have proved to be milestones in labor economics. The data and codes of these research publications, as well as numerous tables and figures describing the functioning of labor markets, are all available on a dedicated website (www.labor-economics.org), along with slides that can be used as course aids and a discussion forum. This edition devotes more space to the analysis of public policy and the levers available to policy makers, with new chapters on such topics as discrimination, globalization, income redistribution, employment protection, and the minimum wage or labor market programs for the unemployed. Theories are explained on the basis of the simplest possible models, which are in turn related to empirical results. Mathematical appendixes provide a toolkit for understanding the models.
Download or read book Three Worlds of Labor Economics written by Garth L. Mangum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1988 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
Download or read book The Development of the Neoclassical Tradition in Labor Economics written by George R. Boyer and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essay on labor economics examines neoclassical theory's rise to ascendancy following the second World War, with a secondary focus on the relative decline but continued influence of institutionalist economic theory. The authors describe the evolution of institutional and neoclassical theory from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries, examine some early intellectual debates between the two camps, briefly describe the work of neoclassical labor economics pioneers, and look at major developments over the past 30 years. They argue that neoclassical economists' increasing intellectual breadth and influence in public policy have led them to pay closer attention to issues that have long been of concern to institutionalists and "neoinstitutionalists."
Download or read book Contending Economic Theories written by Richard D. Wolff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-09-07 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic comparison of the 3 major economic theories—neoclassical, Keynesian, and Marxian—showing how they differ and why these differences matter in shaping economic theory and practice. Contending Economic Theories offers a unique comparative treatment of the three main theories in economics as it is taught today: neoclassical, Keynesian, and Marxian. Each is developed and discussed in its own chapter, yet also differentiated from and compared to the other two theories. The authors identify each theory's starting point, its goals and foci, and its internal logic. They connect their comparative theory analysis to the larger policy issues that divide the rival camps of theorists around such central issues as the role government should play in the economy and the class structure of production, stressing the different analytical, policy, and social decisions that flow from each theory's conceptualization of economics. Building on their earlier book Economics: Marxian versus Neoclassical, the authors offer an expanded treatment of Keynesian economics and a comprehensive introduction to Marxian economics, including its class analysis of society. Beyond providing a systematic explanation of the logic and structure of standard neoclassical theory, they analyze recent extensions and developments of that theory around such topics as market imperfections, information economics, new theories of equilibrium, and behavioral economics, considering whether these advances represent new paradigms or merely adjustments to the standard theory. They also explain why economic reasoning has varied among these three approaches throughout the twentieth century, and why this variation continues today—as neoclassical views give way to new Keynesian approaches in the wake of the economic collapse of 2008.
Download or read book Labor Markets and Business Cycles written by Robert Shimer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-12 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor Markets and Business Cycles integrates search and matching theory with the neoclassical growth model to better understand labor market outcomes. Robert Shimer shows analytically and quantitatively that rigid wages are important for explaining the volatile behavior of the unemployment rate in business cycles. The book focuses on the labor wedge that arises when the marginal rate of substitution between consumption and leisure does not equal the marginal product of labor. According to competitive models of the labor market, the labor wedge should be constant and equal to the labor income tax rate. But in U.S. data, the wedge is strongly countercyclical, making it seem as if recessions are periods when workers are dissuaded from working and firms are dissuaded from hiring because of an increase in the labor income tax rate. When job searches are time consuming and wages are flexible, search frictions--the cost of a job search--act like labor adjustment costs, further exacerbating inconsistencies between the competitive model and data. The book shows that wage rigidities can reconcile the search model with the data, providing a quantitatively more accurate depiction of labor markets, consumption, and investment dynamics. Developing detailed search and matching models, Labor Markets and Business Cycles will be the main reference for those interested in the intersection of labor market dynamics and business cycle research.
Download or read book Wage Rigidity and Social Norms in Experimental Labour Markets written by Anne-Kathrin Wippermann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2006 in the subject Economics - Job market economics, grade: 1,0, University of Göttingen, language: English, abstract: Are wages rigid, and if so, why? The question raised has attracted economists’ attention ever since Keynes (1936, p. 289) suggested that wages were rigid and could lead to involuntary unemployment (Gächter, 2001, p. 478). This wage rigidity can be defined as the tendency of wages to react slowly, if at all, to excess labour supply and/or demand (Wachtel, 1994, p. 482). Keynes’ theory is at odds with the neoclassical model of the labour market, in which wages are flexible and therefore full employment at a market-clearing wage will ultimately be reached (Fischer and Heier, 1983, p. 56). Due to the clash between Keynes’ theory and the neoclassical model, a lively discussion among economists arose as to whether wage rigidity existed or not. Some economists, such as Lucas and Rapping (1969, p. 748), claimed that wage rigidity was an illusion and that existing unemployment was voluntary, i.e. real wages were below workers’ reservation wages. Others claimed that wages were rigid and started to implant sociological findings into economic models, which gave further explanations as to why wage rigidity existed. As a consequence of this debate it became clear that evidence was needed as to which of the models and theories actually applied to real world labour markets. Some economists went about this by conducting surveys in the labour market (see, e.g., Bewley, 1999, and Campbell III. and Kamlani, 1997). Others used experimental methods to simulate labour markets and test theories of wage rigidity for their robustness. Their findings, which generally confirm the sociological approaches to wage rigidity, will be the basis of this paper.
Download or read book Industries Firms and Jobs written by George Farkas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the links among industrial structure, segmentation, the internal structure of firms, job characteristics, technology, productivity, labor markets, and product markets? The answers, posited by a distinguished group of sociologists and economists, have gained resonance as the field of economic sociology has grown. In this expanded edition, the editors and their economist colleague, Kevin Lang, explore the theoretical interstices and update the references.Sociologists and economists have responded differently to work within the other discipline. For some sociologists, the typical economic assumption of basic actors engaged in rational action is both unrealistic and objectionable. Other sociologists have not always agreed with everything economists do, they have seen ""rational choice"" as a partially true description of human behavior and as a starting point for sociological theorizing. Among economists, the situation is quite different: most have maintained their basic rational choice model while pushing aggressively into substantive areas previously addressed only by sociologists and political scientists.Industries, Firms, and Jobs is a welcome reassertion of an old tradition of interdisciplinary research. That tradition has recently weakened, largely because of an enormous expansion of the domain of neoclassical economics. The expansion has fed on two scientific developments: human capital theory and contract theory. This book is an invaluable resource for all economists, sociologists, labor specialists, and business professionals.
