Download or read book Nemesis at Potsdam written by Alfred M. de Zayas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-09 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1979, Nemesis at Potsdam discusses the expulsion and spoliation of the Germans from most of central and easter Europe during the Second World War, a process which over two million did not survive. How did this extraordinary event come about? Was it necessary for the peace of Europe? What role did Britain and the United States play in authorizing the ‘transfer’? The book answers these questions and relates the integration of the German expellees to the phenomenal resurgence of West Germany, and traces the development of Ostpolitik and détente through to the Helsinki Declaration. It will be of interest to students of history, international relations, and political science.
Download or read book Nemesis at Potsdam written by Alfred M. De Zayas and published by London ; Boston : Routledge & K. Paul. This book was released on 1977 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nemesis at Potsdam written by Alfred M. De Zayas and published by Bison Books. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Potsdam written by Michael Neiberg and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After Germany’s defeat in World War II, Europe lay in tatters. Millions of refugees were dispersed across the continent. Food and fuel were scarce. Britain was bankrupt, while Germany had been reduced to rubble. In July of 1945, Harry Truman, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin gathered in a quiet suburb of Berlin to negotiate a lasting peace: a peace that would finally put an end to the conflagration that had started in 1914, a peace under which Europe could be rebuilt. The award-winning historian Michael Neiberg brings the turbulent Potsdam conference to life, vividly capturing the delegates’ personalities: Truman, trying to escape from the shadow of Franklin Roosevelt, who had died only months before; Churchill, bombastic and seemingly out of touch; Stalin, cunning and meticulous. For the first week, negotiations progressed relatively smoothly. But when the delegates took a recess for the British elections, Churchill was replaced—both as prime minster and as Britain’s representative at the conference—in an unforeseen upset by Clement Attlee, a man Churchill disparagingly described as “a sheep in sheep’s clothing.” When the conference reconvened, the power dynamic had shifted dramatically, and the delegates struggled to find a new balance. Stalin took advantage of his strong position to demand control of Eastern Europe as recompense for the suffering experienced by the Soviet people and armies. The final resolutions of the Potsdam Conference, notably the division of Germany and the Soviet annexation of Poland, reflected the uneasy geopolitical equilibrium between East and West that would come to dominate the twentieth century. As Neiberg expertly shows, the delegates arrived at Potsdam determined to learn from the mistakes their predecessors made in the Treaty of Versailles. But, riven by tensions and dramatic debates over how to end the most recent war, they only dimly understood that their discussions of peace were giving birth to a new global conflict.
Download or read book The Morgenthau Plan written by John Dietrich and published by Algora Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrary to what is often reported in history books, the Morgenthau Plan was a major element in postwar planning led by Washington, before the war was even over. This book traces the roles played by Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury to President Roosevelt, and his assistant Harry Dexter White, in the planning for the postwar world. Close attention is given to the discussions leading up to the Second Quebec Conference in 1944 where Winston Churchill's acceptance of the plan was obtained. It is clear that the effects of the policy were understood in advance. The book follows the devastating consequences of the policies based on the plan and their contribution to the postwar collapse of the European economy. Damning evidence shows that the Allies intentionally brought starvation and disease to large civilian populations, while condemning millions of Germans to slave labor in neighboring countries and knowingly sending surrendered Russians to be sent back home for certain execution. The motives of revisionist historians are suspect, as they should be. It is obvious that the conclusions that can be drawn from this account could be abused. They could be used to condemn all Americans for the policies of some of their leaders. They could also be used by people trying to justify the behavior of the National Socialists or by anti-Semites. However, it should be pointed out that the American people paid an extremely high price for their Secretary of Treasurys interference in foreign affairs. It should also be pointed out that one of the severest critics of Western postwar policy was the Jewish publicist Victor Gollancz. This account is based primarily on unclassified information that has been available to the public for decades. Although many accounts of the Morgenthau Plan accept the euphemisms, understatements and outright fabrications offered by the individuals concerned, this account will demonstrate that it was not impossible for a conscientious researcher to uncover a more accurate picture of the truth. However, most scholars have decided to accept at face value statements that on close inspection are obviously false. Some of these misstatements concerning the Morgenthau Plan are understandable. It is less understandable when a respected biographer like Robert E. Sherwood intentionally distorts the historical record. The contradictions between what really happened and what Americans believe and have been told are manifold. It is ironic that Nazis who committed the most terrible crimes frequently received more humane treatment at the hands of the Allies than Germans who had opposed Nationalist Socialism. It is also striking to note the evidence that key individuals had Communist leanings, and it was the Soviet Union that benefited most from the Morgenthau Plan. Many of the subjects dealt with in this manuscript are fertile ground for a researcher wanting to make a name for himself. They are nearly virgin territory. Why have so many of these subjects been treated as taboo? When will our historians feel free to explore the implications that America's progressive establishment was frequently in alignment with Communist goals?
Download or read book What is Genocide written by Martin Shaw and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-24 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised edition of Martin Shaw’s classic, award-winning text proposes a way through the intellectual confusion surrounding genocide. In a thorough account of the idea’s history, Shaw considers its origins and development and its relationships to concepts like ethnic cleansing and politicide. Offering a radical critique of the existing literature on genocide, he argues that what distinguishes genocide from more legitimate warfare is that the ‘enemies’ targeted are groups and individuals of a civilian character. He vividly illustrates his argument with a wide range of historical examples - from the Holocaust to Rwanda and Palestine to Yugoslavia - and shows how the question ‘What is genocide?’ matters politically whenever populations are threatened by violence. The second edition of this compelling book will continue to spark interest and vigorous debate, appealing to students and scholars across the social sciences and in international law.
Download or read book The Unwanted written by Michael Robert Marrus and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only in the 20th century have refugees become an important part of international politics. Tracing the emergence of this new variety of collective alienation, this text covers everything from the 1880s to the beginning of the 21st century.
Download or read book Refugees in the Age of Total War written by Anna C. Bramwell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-21 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1988, charts society’s responses to the huge numbers of refugees in Europe and the Middle East during and after the Second World War. At the close of the war large areas of Europe lay in ruins, and large numbers of refugees faced upheaval and famine. Political considerations influenced the decisions as to who received assistance, and refugees were forcibly repatriated or resettled – and in the analysis of these matters and more, both the refugee crises of the 1940s and their relevance today are highlighted.
Download or read book The Eagle Unbowed written by Halik Kochanski and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 783 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World War II gripped Poland as it did no other country. Invaded by Germany and the USSR, it was occupied from the first day of war to the last, and then endured 44 years behind the Iron Curtain while its wartime partners celebrated their freedom. The Eagle Unbowed tells, for the first time, the story of Poland’s war in its entirety and complexity.
Download or read book The Dark Side of Nation States written by Philipp Ther and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why was there such a far-reaching consensus concerning the utopian goal of national homogeneity in the first half of the twentieth century? Ethnic cleansing is analyzed here as a result of the formation of democratic nation-states, the international order based on them, and European modernity in general. Almost all mass-scale population removals were rationally and precisely organized and carried out in cold blood, with revenge, hatred and other strong emotions playing only a minor role. This book not only considers the majority of population removals which occurred in Eastern Europe, but is also an encompassing, comparative study including Western Europe, interrogating the motivations of Western statesmen and their involvement in large-scale population removals. It also reaches beyond the European continent and considers the reverberations of colonial rule and ethnic cleansing in the former British colonies.
Download or read book A Terrible Revenge written by Alfred M. De Zayas and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1994 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The closing phase and the aftermath of World War II saw millions of refugees and displaced persons wandering across Easter Europe in one of the most brutal and chaotic migrations in world history. The genocidal barbarism of the Nazi forces has been well documented. What hitherto has been little known is the fate of fifteen million German civillians who found themselves at the mercy of Soviet armies and on the wrong side of new postwar borders. All over Eastern Europe, the inhabitants of communities that had been established for many centuries were either expelled or killed. Over two million Germans did not survive. Many of these people had supported Hitler, and for the Czechs, Poles, Ukrainians, and surviving Jews, their fate must have seemed just. However, the great majority--East Prussian farmers, Silesian industrial workers, their wives and children--were guiltless. Their fate, sentenced purely by race, remains an appalling legacy of the period. Alfred de Zayas's book describes this horrible retribution. On the basis of extensive research in German and American archives, he outlines the long history of these German communities, scattered from the Baltic to the Danude, and, most movingly, reproduces the testimonies of surviors from the catastrophic exodus that marked the final end to Nazi fantasies of Lebensraum.
Download or read book Expelling the Germans written by Matthew Frank and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-03-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expelling the Germans focuses on how Britain perceived the mass movement of German populations from Poland and Czechoslovakia at the end of the Second World War. Drawing on a wide range of British archival material, Matthew Frank examines why the British came to regard the forcible removal of Germans as a necessity, and evaluates the public and official responses in Britain once mass expulsion became a reality in 1945. Central to this study is the concept of 'population transfer': the contemporary idea that awkward minority problems could be solved rationally and constructively by removing the population concerned in an orderly and gradual manner, while avoiding unnecessary human suffering and economic disruption. Dr Frank demonstrates that while most British observers accepted the principle of population transfer, most were also consistently uneasy with the results of putting that principle into practice. This clash of 'principle' with 'practice' reveals much not only about the limitations of Britain's role but also the hierarchy of British priorities in immediate post-war Europe.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Human Rights written by David P Forsythe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 2641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This four-volume encyclopedia set offers coverage of all aspects of human rights theory, practice, law, and history.
Download or read book Mass Expulsion in Modern International Law and Practice written by Jean-Marie Henckaerts and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Closed Borders written by Alan Dowty and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this eloquent and informative book, Alan Dowty traces how different countries throughout history have dealt with movement in and out of their borders, explores why governments resort to restrictive measures, and describes the effects of these policies.
Download or read book Exorcising Hitler written by Fred Taylor and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-05-17 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive history of the origins of democracy in Germany offers insight into the magnitude of the Third Reich's 1945 collapse and the challenges faced by the Allies in their efforts to construct a humane and democratic nation against formidable Nazi resistance. 30,000 first printing.
Download or read book Hitler s Lost State written by Tim Heath and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This WWII history chronicles the rise and fall of Nazi Prussia as well as the ill-fated exodus of its civilian refugees in 1945. Seen as an agricultural utopia within Hitler’s Germany, Prussia is thought to have gone untouched during the Second World War. Yet the violence of the National Socialist regime was widespread throughout the German state. As the Red Army advanced on its borders in 1945, nearly ten thousand civilians evacuated the region aboard the MV Wilhelm Gustloff—only to perish when the ship was sunk by a Soviet submarine. It was the worst loss of life in maritime history, six times greater than that of the RMS Titanic. Combining existing material and new findings, this book tells the story of Prussia’s rise and fall as a military power. It chronicles the attempts made by brave civilians and military personnel to overturn the Nazi regime, as well as the desperate evacuation of refugees in one of the greatest exoduses ever seen, told by those who were there.
