Download or read book Neighborhood Effects on Crime for Female and Wale Youth written by Jeffrey R. Kling and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neighborhood Effects on Crime for Female and Male Youth written by Jeffrey R. Kling and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) demonstration assigned housing vouchers via random lottery to public housing residents in five cities. We use the exogenous variation in residential locations generated by MTO to estimate neighborhood effects on youth crime and delinquency. The offer to relocate to lower-poverty areas reduces arrests among female youth for violent and property crimes, relative to a control group. For males the offer to relocate reduces arrests for violent crime, at least in the short run, but increases problem behaviors and property crime arrests. The gender difference in treatment effects seems to reflect differences in how male and female youths from disadvantaged backgrounds adapt and respond to similar new neighborhood environments"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Download or read book Does Growing Up in a High Crime Neighborhood Affect Youth Criminal Behavior written by Anna Piil Damm and published by University Press of Southern Denmark. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does growing up in a residential area with many juvenile delinquents affect the risk of future juvenile delinquency? Does it increase the risk? In general, it is hard to measure the effects of growing up in a residential area with many juvenile delinquents. It may well be the case that families in which the children face a high risk of juvenile delinquency have a higher tendency to settle in such locally chosen areas. Yet, this 'selection issue' did not exist in the specific case of children of refugees who were granted asylum in Denmark over the period of 1986 to 1998. The reason is that they did not choose where to settle in Denmark, but were placed in housing by the Danish Refugee Council. The analysis in this book examines the children of refugees and the probability rate of being convicted of crime committed over the 15-21 age interval if they were, as children, assigned to housing in a Danish municipality in which a high share of youth had been convicted of crime. (Series: The Rockwool Foundation Research Unit - Study Paper - No. 63)

Download or read book Adolescents Neighborhoods and Violence written by Akiva Liberman and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods(PHDCN) was designed to investigate the development of crime and violence in children and adolescents. The PHDCN combines a longitudinal study of more than 6,000 Chicago children and adolescents with a study of Chicago neighborhoods. The longitudinal study involved interviews with children, adolescents, and primary caregivers conducted from 1995 through 2001. This report summarizes findings from four recently published papers using the PHDCN longitudinal study to address various questions about adolescent violence. A common factor in all the articles summarized in this report is the important role of neighborhoods in increasing or controlling adolescent violence. Illustrations.

Download or read book Cultural Perspectives on Youth Justice written by Elaine Arnull and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young people, crime and delinquency are words that are commonly linked in public perception and young people are often blamed for social ills. Their deviancy and threat to social control has been held to be a social fact from Plato to today. This book subjects that ‘fact’ to critical examination through consideration of youth justice systems in six different countries, drawing on sociological and criminological analysis as well as expert practitioner opinion. This book's comparative, cultural approach allows for consideration of the impact of new and emergent systems of communication and discourse and considers how these may impact future constructions of delinquency at a local and global level. Understanding changing constructions of delinquency, the systems and responses we already have and their strengths and weaknesses enables critique about what we do and what we know, and allows us to imagine how it might be otherwise.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Criminology written by Rod Morgan and published by Oxford University Press (UK). This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The approach of the year 2000 has made the study of apocalyptic movements trendy. But groups anticipating the end of the world will continue to predict Armageddon even after the calendar clicks to triple Os.

Download or read book Girls Women and Crime written by Meda Chesney-Lind and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What characterizes women's and girls' pathways to crime? Girls, Women, and Crime: Selected Readings, Second Edition is a compilation of journal articles on the female offender written by leading researchers in the fields of criminology and women's studies. The contributors reveal the complex worlds females in the criminal justice system must often negotiate—worlds that are frequently riddled with violence, victimization, discrimination, and economic marginalization. This in-depth collection leaves readers with a greater understanding of the complexities and nuances of the realtionship between girls and women and crime.

Download or read book Lessons from the Economics of Crime written by Philip J. Cook and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reporting on research in the United States, Europe, and South America, this book discusses such topics as a cost-benefit analysis of additional police hiring, the testing of innovative policy interventions through field experiments, imprisonment and recidivism rates, incentives and disincentives for sports hooliganism and much more.

Download or read book Women Stigma and Desistance from Crime written by Gilly Sharpe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do young women negotiate their identity in the shadow of a criminal past? What expectations can these women have and what constraints do they face in embracing change and reform? In this new book, Gilly Sharpe returns to the group of women interviewed in her bestselling book Offending Girls, to ask these questions and more. Building on wide-ranging interviews with young adult women who have experienced a highly punitive climate in both youth justice and welfare policy, this book analyses their vivid personal accounts of stigmatisation and devaluation as former lawbreakers, welfare claimants and mothers, and examines their gendered transitions from youth criminalisation into adulthood. Women, Stigma, and Desistance from Crime exposes how stigma, which is rooted in structural inequality and thrives in societies with deep economic and social divisions, devalues working-class and marginalised women and diminishes their lives. It offers a unique analysis of how criminal stigma is shaped by class-based condescension, welfare inaction and school-based disciplinary punishment, and reveals how stigma is reproduced over time across education, welfare, and penal institutions. Meticulously researched and the first study to examine how the lives of young women previously enmeshed in the youth justice system unfold as they transition to adulthood, this book will be of interest to scholars and students of criminology and criminal justice, sociology, social work, social policy, gender and youth studies, and to practitioners and policy-makers in these fields.

Download or read book Controlling Crime written by Philip J. Cook and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminal justice expenditures have more than doubled since the 1980s, dramatically increasing costs to the public. With state and local revenue shortfalls resulting from the recent recession, the question of whether crime control can be accomplished either with fewer resources or by investing those resources in areas other than the criminal justice system is all the more relevant. Controlling Crime considers alternative ways to reduce crime that do not sacrifice public safety. Among the topics considered here are criminal justice system reform, social policy, and government policies affecting alcohol abuse, drugs, and private crime prevention. Particular attention is paid to the respective roles of both the private sector and government agencies. Through a broad conceptual framework and a careful review of the relevant literature, this volume provides insight into the important trends and patterns of some of the interventions that may be effective in reducing crime.

Download or read book The Role of Crime Community Violence Exposure and Perceived Neighbhorhood Violence in the Development of Conduct Problems Among African American Youth written by Nicole L. Cammack and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American youth are disproportionately located in neighborhoods characterized by crime and are at an increased risk for exposure to community violence and perceiving their neighborhoods to be violent. Each of these three experiences with violence has been linked with conduct problems. However, methodological problems in the existing literature limit our ability to understand whether these three types of violence differentially affect the development of adolescent conduct problems and if so, what the relative effects of these experiences with violence are. In addition, research has not examined whether the more proximal experiences with violence (i.e., community violence exposure and perceived neighborhood violence) are more useful for explaining the development of conduct problems that more distal experiences such as neighborhood crime. To address these issues, the present study examined whether neighborhood crime, community violence exposure, and perceived neighborhood violence differentially predicted youth conduct problems. Participants were an epidemiologically-defined community sample of 585 African American adolescents (53.2% male) assessed at regular intervals from elementary school through adolescence. Results revealed that each experience with violence was differentially associated with youth conduct problems, with varied effects for males and females. Understanding the effects of neighborhood crime, community violence exposure, and perceived neighborhood violence on the development of conduct problems is an initial step in the development of contextually-relevant interventions to promote healthy developmental outcomes in urban adolescents.

Download or read book Youth Violence in Context written by Eileen M. Ahlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book places youth violence within a Routine Activity Ecological Framework. Youth violence, specifically youth exposure to community violence and youth perpetration of violent behaviors, occur within various contexts. Ahlin and Antunes situate their discussion of youth violence within an ecological framework, identifying how it is nested within four mesosystem layers: community, family, peers and schools, and youth characteristics. Contextualized using an ecological framework, the Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyles perspective (RAT/LS) are well suited to guide an examination of youth violence risk and protective factors across the four layers. Drawing on scholarship that explores predictors and consequences of youth violence, the authors apply RAT/LS theory to explain how community, family, peers, schools, and youth characteristics influence youth behavior. Each layer of the ecological framework unfolds to reveal the latest scholarship and contextualizes how concepts of RAT/LS, specifically the motivated offender, target suitability, and guardianship, can be applied at each level. This book also highlights the mechanisms and processes that contribute to youth exposure to and involvement in violence by exploring factors examined in the literature as protective and risk factors of youth violence. Youth violence occurs in context, and, as such, the understanding of multilevel predictors and preventive measures against it can be situated within an RAT/LS ecological framework. This work links theory to extant research. Ahlin and Antunes demonstrate how knowledge of youth violence can be used to develop a robust theoretical foundation that can inform policy to improve neighborhoods and youth experiences within their communities, families, and peers and within their schools while acknowledging the importance of individual characteristics. This monograph is essential reading for those interested in youth violence, juvenile delinquency, and juvenile justice research and anyone dedicated to preventing crime among youths.

Download or read book Working with Women Offenders in the Community written by Rosemary Sheehan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-12-21 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though many more women offenders are supervised in the community than in custody, much less is known about their needs and effective approaches to their supervision, support and treatment. Whilst there has been recent attention paid to responding to the needs of women in prison, negligible attention has been paid to women exiting prison, or on community based orders, and what is needed to work with them to reduce re-offending or entry into prison. Contributions to this book challenge policy-makers and corrections systems to concentrate more on community provision for women offenders and resist popular calls for more punitive responses to all offenders, women included. Contributors come from a wide range of countries including Australia, Canada, UK and USA. They argue that the criminogenic lens applied to women’s offending must be gender-responsive if systems are to be successful at addressing the disadvantage and risk associated with offending behaviour. Working With Women Offenders in the Community builds on ideas presented in the editors’ previous book, What Works With Women Offenders (2007), extending the focus particularly on women offenders in the community rather than in prison. This book concentrates on women who have committed criminal offences and who may have been placed on probation or other community based court orders or who have been released from prison on parole. It discusses the work done by professional workers including probation officers, community corrections officers and specialist case managers in areas such as drug treatment, housing, mental health or employment programmes. This book will be of interest to professional probation officers, case managers, drug treatment workers and others who work with women offenders. It will also be essential reading for students of criminology, social work, psychology, sociology and other disciplines who have an interest in women offenders.

Download or read book Family Life Delinquency and Crime written by Kevin N. Wright and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes how positive parental involvement deters delinquent behavior while its absence -- or worse, its negative counterpart -- fosters misconduct. Researchers conclude that children raised in supportive, affectionate, and accepting homes are less likely to become deviant.

Download or read book Handbook of Migration and Globalisation written by Anna Triandafyllidou and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-04-12 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoroughly revised and updated Handbook brings together an international range of contributors to highlight the deep interdependence between migration and globalisation, and explore the impact of economic, social, and political globalisation on international population flows. It provides an interdisciplinary perspective on a discussion that has been intensifying and diversifying over the past 25 years. This title contains one or more Open Access chapters.

Download or read book Criminal Behaviour in Context written by Nick Flynn and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the extent to which criminal desistance – 'the change process involved in the ending of criminal behaviour' – is affected by personal and social circumstances which are place specific. Grounded in criminological spatial analysis, as well as more general social scientific investigations of the role of space and place in contemporary social, economic and cultural life, it examines why large numbers of prisoners in the United States and the United Kingdom appear to be drawn from – and after release return to – certain urban neighbourhoods. In doing so Criminal Behaviour in Context assesses the effect of this unique life course experience on the pathways and choices open to ex-prisoners who attempt to give up crime. Including new data on the geographical distribution of offenders, interviews with serving prisoners, and drawing on theories about social context, identity and subjectivity, it discusses the implications of the evidence and arguments presented for prisoner reintegration policy and practice.

Download or read book Gang Neighborhood and Youth Criminal Behavior written by Uche Eseosa Ekhator and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examine the effect of the presence of gangs in a youth's neighborhood on criminal behavior in the United States using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) with a Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) model. There is evidence that the presence of gangs in a youth's neighborhood affects youth arrests, delinquency and substance use taken together for youths born to mothers who are 30 years or older. The negative effect of gangs on incidences of delinquency is larger for youths born to teen mothers than for those whose mothers were 30 years or older when they were born. The reverse is however the case for substance use. Youths born to teen mothers and residing in neighborhoods where gangs are present are less likely to have incidences of substance use than their counterparts born to mothers who were 30 years or older. This result suggests that children from teen pregnancies are at higher risks of criminal behavior when gangs are present in their neighborhoods than children born to older mothers. Policies aiming to prevent criminal behavior for youths in gang neighborhoods should therefore focus more on youths born to teen mothers.