Download or read book Negation in Modern Arabic Varieties from a Typological Point of View written by Mohammed Muqbil Swileh Alluhaybi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis considers negation in 54 modern Arabic varieties from a typological point of view (as in Song 2001, Croft 2003 and Miestamo 2005). The types of negation investigated here are: standard negation, non-verbal negation, negative imperatives, negative existential clauses, negation with pseudo-verbs, negative indefinite pronouns and negative concord constructions. This approach results in 30 generalizations capturing different ways of expressing different types of negation among the contemporary varieties of Arabic; for example: the construction for standard negation in modern Arabic varieties is almost always symmetric (done by the addition of the negative morpheme to the affirmative clause only) and very rarely asymmetric (an example is the dialect of ʔAbha); there is no š-variety (a variety that uses ...-š negatively in standard negation) where ...-š is not, at least optionally, omitted in emphatic negation; the negator mā can commonly negate imperatives in every Arabic region, except in the Arabian Peninsula where this is extremely rare. One of the most interesting results the study reveals is that negation in Arabic is going through a cycle additional to the Jespersen's cycle which is already identified by several studies (e.g., Lucas, 2009 and Diem, 2014). In the first stage of this additional cycle, a single negator is used to negate both verbal and non-verbal clauses. In the second stage, this negator is attached to a personal pronoun to negate non-verbal clauses only. In the third stage, a new single morpheme is coined and generalized to negate any non-verbal clause. In the fourth stage, this new morpheme is used to negate certain types of verbal clauses. In the last stage, verbal and non-verbal clauses return to be negated similarly, in that this new coined morpheme can negate both of them. In the study, this cycle is referred to as the Arabic negative cycle.
Download or read book The Diachrony of Negation written by Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite intensive research, negation remains elusive. Its expression across languages, its underlying cognitive mechanisms, its development across time, and related phenomena, such as negative polarity and negative concord, leave many unresolved issues of both a definitional and a substantive nature. Such issues are at the heart of the present volume, which presents a twofold contribution. The first part offers a mix of large-scale typological surveys and in-depth investigation of the evolution of negation in individual languages and language families that have not frequently been studied from this point of view, such as Chinese, Berber, Quechua, and Austronesian languages. The second part centers on French, a language whose early stages are comparatively richly documented and which therefore provides an important test case for hypotheses about the diachrony of negative marking. Representing, moreover, a variety of theoretical approaches, the volume will be of interest to researchers on negation, language change, and typology.
Download or read book Multi locus Analysis of Arabic Negation written by Ahmad Alqassas and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies the micro-variation in the syntax of negation of Southern Levantine, Gulf and Standard Arabic. By including new and recently published data that support key issues for the syntax of negation, the book challenges the standard parametric view that negation has a fixed parametrized position in syntactic structure. It particularly argues for a multi-locus analysis with syntactic, semantic, morphosyntactic and diachronic implications for the various structural positions. Thus accounting for numerous word order restrictions, semantic ambiguities and pragmatic interpretations without complicating narrow syntax with special operations, configurations or constraints.
Download or read book A Phonological Typology of Modern Arabic Varieties written by Emily Lindsay-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negation Patterns in Libyan Arabic and Modern Arabic Varieties written by Khawla Ghadgoud and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historical Aspects of Standard Negation in Semitic written by Ambjörn Sjörs and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Historical Aspects of Standard Negation in Semitic Ambjörn Sjörs investigates the grammar of standard negation in a wide selection of Semitic languages. The bulk of the investigation consists of a detailed analysis of negative constructions and is based on a first-hand examination of the examples in context. The main issues that are investigated in the book relate to the historical change of the expression of verbal negation in Semitic and the reconstruction of the genealogical relationship of negative constructions. It shows how negation is constantly renewed from the reanalysis of emphatic negative constructions, and how structural asymmetries between negative constructions and the corresponding affirmative constructions arise from the linguistically conservative nature of negative vis-à-vis affirmative clauses.
Download or read book Interactions of Negation with Other Categories in Varieties of Arabic written by Mahmood Hamad Samari Al Fkaiki and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes and analyzes interaction of negation with aspect, tense, quantifiers, and sensitive polarities in standard Arabic and modern Arabic dialects. The reasons behind this study are (i) to provide comprehensive description of negation, (ii) to understand negation better, (iii) to investigate theoretical applications, (iv) to provide a critical review of Arabic grammarians’ approaches to negation, and (v) to connect complex and systematic interactions of negation with other operators to their truth conditions to explain discourse referent. I account for negation in different ways: syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic in order to arrive at an airtight diagnosis. Negation interacts with every category to produce syntactic and semantic representations different from affirmatives. This dissertation not only deals with morphosyntactic negation with other categories, but also explores different interaction between inherent negation, represented through a semantic meaning of negation without negative particles, with these categories. Interaction of negation with aspect, tense, quantifiers, sensitive polarities indicates that there are syntactic and semantic effects of negation with these elements. The framework of this dissertation defenses on multiple approaches which descend from syntax and semantics. This dissertation explores the interaction of negation with other categories in varieties of Arabic where this study shows that a system of negation in standard Arabic is different from modern Arabic dialects. A change of negation system in Arabic is important to help us to assign precise descriptions for these interactions
Download or read book Negation in Uralic Languages written by Matti Miestamo and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2015-06-24 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The grammaticalized expression of negation is a linguistic universal. This volume deals with negation in the Uralic language family in a typological perspective. As in no other major language family before, a comprehensive typological questionnaire provides the basis for the chapters documenting negation in 17 languages. Most of them are endangered. The chapters highlight negative auxiliary verbs—the special Uralic feature—and their ways of combining with the rich inventory of other negators in different types of clauses, as well as negative replies, negative indefinites, abessives/caritives/privatives, scope, polarity and emphatic negation. Selected aspects of negation, such as negative indefinites, negation of non-verbal predicates and information structure, are discussed in more detail in five further chapters. The book brings new typologically informed perspectives on negation in the Uralic family, and it provides valuable data and insights for any linguist working on negation.
Download or read book Standard Negation written by Matti Miestamo and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first cross-linguistic study of clausal negation based on an extensive and systematic language sample. Methodological issues, especially sampling, are discussed at length. Standard negation – the basic structural means languages have for negating declarative verbal main clauses – is typologized from a new perspective, paying attention to structural differences between affirmatives and negatives. In symmetric negation affirmative and negative structures show no differences except for the presence of the negative marker(s), whereas in asymmetric negation there are further structural differences, i.e. asymmetries. A distinction is made between constructional and paradigmatic asymmetry; in the former the addition of the negative marker(s) is accompanied by further structural differences in comparison to the corresponding affirmative, and in the latter the correspondences between the members of (verbal etc.) paradigms used in affirmatives and negatives are not one-to-one. Cross-cutting the constructional-paradigmatic distinction, asymmetric negation can be further divided into subtypes according to the nature of the asymmetry. Standard negation structures found in the 297 sample languages are exemplified and discussed in detail. The frequencies of the different types and some typological correlations are also examined. Functional motivations are proposed for the structural types – symmetric negatives are language-internally analogous to the linguistic structure of the affirmative and asymmetric negatives are language-externally analogous to different asymmetries between affirmation and negation on the functional level. Relevant diachronic issues are also discussed. The book is of interest to language typologists, descriptive linguists and to all linguists interested in negation.
Download or read book Negation in Arabic written by Werner Diem and published by Harrassowitz. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present monograph is devoted to what is probably the most interesting development in the history of negation in Arabic. This development, which began in Classical Arabic and continued in the post-classical period of the language, consists of the combination of the inherited preverbal particles of negation and a newly developed postverbal element. In Negation in Arabic it is shown how this postverbal negative element developed from the adverbial expression say'an, a bit - which in Classical Arabic was originally confined to certain verbs marked +[quantifiable] -, and how this emphasising negation was gradually generalised for any verbs and, subsequently, other word classes until it finally became the normal, unmarked negation. Further developments consisting in the weakening or the deletion of the first element, which is the old inherited negation, are also treated. Certain details of this development resemble the development of the circumfixal negations of the type ne ? pas in French, and therefore the history of negation in French is referred to where this is helpful in order to understand the specific Arabic development. Theoretical approaches concerning the development and function of negative polarity items (NPI) are also taken into consideration.
Download or read book The Syntax of Arabic written by Joseph E. Aoun and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to Arabic syntax covering a broad variety of topics including argument structure, negation, tense, agreement phenomena, and resumption. The discussion of each topic sums up the key research results and provides new points of departure for further research.
Download or read book Aspects of Sentential Negation in Arabic written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Jordanian Sign Language written by Bernadet Hendriks and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aspects of Sentential Negation in Arabic written by Trandil Hussein Roshdy El Rakhawi and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Multi locus Analysis of Arabic Negation written by Ahmad Alqassas and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the micro-variation in the syntax of negation of Southern Levantine, Gulf and Standard Arabic, this text includes new and recently published data that support key issues for the syntax of negation, challenging the standard parametric view that negation has a fixed parametrized position in syntactic structure.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Typology written by Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 1661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linguistic typology identifies both how languages vary and what they all have in common. This Handbook provides a state-of-the art survey of the aims and methods of linguistic typology, and the conclusions we can draw from them. Part I covers phonological typology, morphological typology, sociolinguistic typology and the relationships between typology, historical linguistics and grammaticalization. It also addresses typological features of mixed languages, creole languages, sign languages and secret languages. Part II features contributions on the typology of morphological processes, noun categorization devices, negation, frustrative modality, logophoricity, switch reference and motion events. Finally, Part III focuses on typological profiles of the mainland South Asia area, Australia, Quechuan and Aymaran, Eskimo-Aleut, Iroquoian, the Kampa subgroup of Arawak, Omotic, Semitic, Dravidian, the Oceanic subgroup of Austronesian and the Awuyu-Ndumut family (in West Papua). Uniting the expertise of a stellar selection of scholars, this Handbook highlights linguistic typology as a major discipline within the field of linguistics.
Download or read book The Expression of Negation written by Laurence R. Horn and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2010 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Negation is at the core of human language; without negation there can be no denial, contradiction, irony, or lies. This book examines the form and function of negative sentences in a variety of languages and offers state-of-the-art surveys of the acquisition of negation by children, its processing by adults, its historical development, and its interaction with other operators and predicates within natural language sentences. Topics covered include the nature of negative polarity, the phenomenon of pleonastic or illogical negation, and the role of morphological, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic.
