Download or read book Natural Reproduction and Recruitment of Chinook Salmon in the Salmon River New York An Application of Otolith Microstructure Analysis written by Nathan Gail Smith and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stocking of hatchery-reared Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Lake Ontario has led to the development of a sport fishery that provides high economic returns to local communities. Changes in habitat quality, including changes in flow associated with Federal Energy Regulatory Commission reauthorization protocols since the mid 1990s in the Salmon River, NY, may have led to increased natural reproduction in this river. Increases in natural production of Chinook in Lake Ontario could lead to changing management practices in the fishery. In order to measure wild reproduction I used known origin young-of-the-year (YOY) Chinook salmon from hatchery and wild sources as a baseline for separating these groups using otolith microstructure. Measuring 20 days growth from 300 mum inward toward the origin correctly classified 100% of known hatchery fish, and 89% of known wild fish. These measurements were used to determine the origin of Chinook salmon smolts caught in the nearshore of Lake Ontario adjacent to the Salmon River, NY in 2000 (85%) and 2001 (89%). I also evaluated the potential for carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in otoliths for differentiation of hatchery and wild YOY Chinook. Stable isotope methods show promise in separating hatchery and wild fish based on known-origin otoliths from 1999 and 2001, but further research is required before large scale application in Lake Ontario. In addition to sampling outmigrating smolts, I applied the 300 mum method to a sample of adults returning to the Salmon River from 2000-2002. Wild origin fish contributed between 10 and 25% of the returning adults for the 6 year classes 1995-2000. There was no time trend in the proportion of wild fish and therefore no evidence for an increase in natural production due to water flow changes in the Salmon River during the late 1990s. Because of the life history of Chinook salmon and time limitations of the study, I was unable to directly compare estimates of smolts from 2000-2001 with returning adults from those year classes, however my results for both YOY and adult Chinook indicate that natural reproduction may play a larger role in Lake Ontario than previously thought.
Download or read book Natural Reproduction and Recruitment of Chinook Salmon in the Salmon River NY written by Nathan Gail Smith and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Reproduction and Spawning Site Characteristics of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha in the Salmon River New York written by Dustin W. Everitt and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastlines written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pre restoration Habitat Use by Chinook Salmon in the Nisqually Estuary Using Otolith Analysis written by Angela Lind-Null and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nisqually Fall Chinook population is one of 27 stocks in the Puget Sound evolutionarily significant unit listed as threatened under the Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). Preservation and extensive restoration of the Nisqually delta ecosystem is currently taking place to assist in recovery of the stock as juvenile Fall Chinook salmon are dependent upon the estuary. A pre-restoration baseline that includes characterization of life history types, estuary residence times, growth rates, and habitat use is needed to evaluate the potential response of hatchery and natural origin Chinook salmon to restoration efforts and determine restoration success. Otolith analysis was selected to examine Chinook salmon life history, growth, and residence in the Nisqually Estuary. Previously funded work on wild samples collected in 2004 established the growth rate and length of residence associated with various habitats. The purpose of the current study is to build on the previous work by incorporating otolith microstructure analysis from 2005 (second sampling year), to verify findings from 2004, and to evaluate between-year variation in otolith microstructure. Our results from this second year of analysis indicated no inter-annual variation in the appearance of the tidal delta check (TDCK) and delta-flats check (DFCK). However, a new life history type (fry migrant) was observed on samples collected in 2005. Fish caught in the tidal delta regardless of capture date spent an average of 17 days in the tidal delta. There was a corresponding increase in growth rate as the fish migrated from freshwater (FW) to tidal delta to nearshore (NS) habitats. Fish grew 33 percent faster in the tidal delta than in FW habitat and slightly faster (14 percent) in the delta flats (DF) habitat compared to the tidal delta."--Abstract.
Download or read book Otolith Analysis of Pre restoration Habitat Use by Chinook Salmon in the Delta flats and Nearshore Regions of the Nisqually River Estuary written by Angela Lind-Null and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha Life History Diversity and Growth Variability in a Large Freshwater Tidal Estuary written by Pascale A. L. Goertler and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many fish and wildlife species, a mosaic of available habitats is required to complete their life cycle, and is considered necessary to ensure population stability and persistence. Particularly for young animals, nursery habitats provide opportunities for rapid growth and high survival during this vulnerable life stage. My thesis focuses on juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and their use of estuarine wetlands as nursery habitat. Estuaries are highly productive systems representing a mosaic of habitats connecting rivers to the sea, and freshwater tidal estuaries provide abundant prey communities, shade, refuge from predation and transitional habitat for the osmoregulatory changes experienced by anadromous fishes. I will be discussing the freshwater tidal wetland habitat use of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Columbia River estuary, which are listed under the Endangered Species Act. I used otolith microstructural growth estimates and prey consumption to measure rearing habitat quality. This sampling effort was designed to target as much genetic diversity as possible, and individual assignment to regional stocks of origin was used to describe the diversity of juvenile Chinook salmon groups inhabiting the estuary. Diversity is important for resilience, and in salmon biocomplexity within fish stocks has been shown to ensure collective productivity despite environmental change. However much of the research which links diversity to resilience in salmon has focused on the adult portion of the life cycle and many resource management policies oversimplify juvenile life history diversity. When this oversimplification of juvenile life history diversity is applied to salmon conservation it may be ignoring critical indicators for stability. Therefore in addition to genetic diversity I also explore methods for better defining juvenile life history diversity and its application in salmon management, such as permitting requirements, habitat restoration, hydropower practices and hatchery management. This study addresses how juvenile salmon growth changes among a range of wetland habitats in the freshwater tidal portion of the Columbia River estuary and how growth variation describes and contributes to life history diversity. To do this, I incorporated otolith microstructure, individual assignment to regional stock of origin, GIS habitat mapping and diet composition, in three habitats (mainstem river, tributary confluence and backwater channel) along ~130 km of the upper estuary. For my first chapter I employed a generalized linear model (GLM) to test three hypotheses: juvenile Chinook growth was best explained by (1) temporal factors, (2) habitat use, or (3) demographic characteristics, such as stock of origin or the timing of seaward migration. I found that variation in growth was best explained by habitat type and an interaction between fork length and month of capture. Juvenile Chinook salmon grew faster in backwater channel habitat and later in the summer. I also found that mid-summer and late summer/fall subyearlings had the highest estuarine growth rates. When compared to other studies in the basin these juvenile Chinook grew on average 0.23, 0.11-0.43 mm/d in the freshwater tidal estuary, similar to estimates in the brackish estuary, but ~4 times slower than those in the plume and upstream reservoirs. However, survival studies from the system elucidated a possible tradeoff between growth and survival in the Columbia River basin. These findings present a unique example of the complexity in understanding the influences of the many processes that generate variation in growth rate for juvenile anadromous fish inhabiting estuaries. In my second chapter, I used otolith microstructure and growth trends produced in a dynamic factor analysis (DFA, a multivariate time series method only recently being used in fisheries) to identify the life history variation in juvenile Chinook salmon caught in the Columbia River estuary over a two-year period (2010-2012). I used genetic assignment to stock of origin and capture location and date with growth trajectories, as a proxy for habitat transitions, to reconstruct life history types. DFA estimated four to five growth trends were present in juvenile Chinook salmon caught in the Columbia River estuary, diversity currently being simplified in many management practices. Regional stocks and habitats did not display divergent growth histories, but the marked hatchery fish did ordinate very similarly in the trend loadings from the DFA analysis, suggesting that hatchery fish may not experience the same breadth of growth variability as wild fish. I was not able to quantify juvenile life history diversity, and juvenile Chinook life history diversity remains difficult to catalog and integrate into species conservation and habitat restoration for resource management. However, by expanding our understanding of how juvenile Chinook salmon experience their freshwater rearing environment we improve our capacity to conserve and manage salmon populations. The findings from my thesis provide the necessary information for a restoration framework to link habitat features with salmon management goals, such as juvenile growth, wild and genetic origin and life history diversity.
Download or read book Food web constraints on Chinook salmon recruitment in a large Lake Michigan tributary written by Damon M. Krueger and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural reproduction of Chinook salmon now supplies half of all recruits to the Lake Michigan sport fishery but may vary greatly due to environmental variability and biotic interactions in tributary nursery areas. From 2004 to 2007, I evaluated the relative effect of predation by stocked sport fish species on Chinook salmon recruitment variability in the Muskegon River, a large Lake Michigan tributary. Together, walleye and brown trout annually consumed from 17 to 47% of available Chinook salmon parr. Although brown trout consumed large quantities of Chinook parr, I found that hatchery trout dominated walleye diets. Walleye were size-selective for small hatchery trout but prey size was independent of predator size. In general, walleye showed neutral selection for prey species although they positively selected for rainbow trout and selected against Chinook parr in some years. Brown trout consumed smaller-than-average Chinook salmon parr although prey size was also independent of predator size. Chinook parr were positively selected as prey by brown trout but only in April when parr were
Download or read book Formation of Otolith Growth Increments and Their Potential for Assessing the Early Life History of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha microform written by John D. Neilson and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1984 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth increment Formation Using Otoliths and Scales of Juvenile Chinook Salmon written by Brian Michael Walker and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freshwater growth of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha influences survival and recruitment to the adult population. Retrospective analysis is used to measure salmon growth at previous ages, with fish size and growth assumed to be accurately reflected by otolith increments and scale circuli. I conducted a 122-d laboratory experiment to validate the relationship among body size, growth, and width to daily otolith growth increments and scale circuli in juvenile stream-type Chinook salmon. Fish total length was found to be proportional to otolith axis length (r2 = 0.209, p
Download or read book The Use of Otolith Daily Increment Widths to Estimate the Size and Growth of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha microform written by Bradford, Michael J and published by National Library of Canada. This book was released on 1985 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Upper Columbia River Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon Population Structure and Biological Requirements written by Upper Columbia River Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon Biological Requirements Committee and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Potential for Natural Reproduction of Chinook Salmon in the Chippewa River Isabella County Michigan written by Dennis Jay Hamlin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fly Fishing Guide to Steelhead Alley written by Karl Weixlmann and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-11-19 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tributaries that flow into Lake Erie provide some of the best steelhead fly fishing on the planet, as well as plentiful opportunities to catch salmon, brown trout, smallmouth bass, and other species. The 400 miles of southern Lake Erie shoreline in three states—Buffalo, New York at its eastern end; Toledo, Ohio, on its western flank; and Pennsylvania’s shoreline in the middle—is affectionately called “Steelhead Alley” by the tens of thousands of anglers that come to fish it. According to many, “the Alley” is the best location within the entire Great Lakes region to catch steelhead on a fly. This book is the culmination of over twenty years of guiding and fly fishing throughout the Alley. In addition to covering steelhead in depth, it also covers opportunities for smallmouth bass, lake run brown trout, lake trout, and the occasional chinook or coho salmon that you can catch on a fly, along with the best tributaries and shorelines in which to find them. The author shares his tips for timing the best fishing, reading the water, the most productive local fly patterns, and how to rig and fish for success. He covers detailed access, individual tributary descriptions and reports, many of which are relatively unknown, plus a few new techniques that will help you put some more fish in the net.
Download or read book Connecting Tidal fluvial Life Histories to Survival of McKenzie River Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha written by Gordon W. Rose and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinook salmon returns to the Columbia River basin have declined due to impacts of a growing human population, despite significant mitigation expenditures. Consequently, fisheries managers have become focused on recovery and long-term viability of at-risk populations. A viable population depends, in part, on the connectivity and quality of diverse habitat types salmon require to complete their anadromous life-cycles. The tidal-fluvial Columbia River estuary is one link in this chain of habitats, but was largely over-looked as important Chinook salmon habitat until recently. Habitat restoration projects are underway in the tidal Columbia River estuary with the goal of increasing survival benefits to juvenile Chinook salmon. However, knowledge gaps remain about stock-specific use of tidal-fluvial habitat and tracking these restoration efforts is largely subjective. This study has sought to quantify the importance of tidal-fluvial habitat for a critical population of Chinook salmon, from the McKenzie River in the upper Willamette River Basin. Using otolith micro-chemistry profile analysis, juvenile net growth in the tidal-fluvial Columbia River was back-calculated for 92 natural-origin McKenzie River Chinook salmon across outmigration years 2005 and 2006. All otoliths were sampled from McKenzie River adult salmon to draw inferences about the juvenile life histories of surviving spawners. Mean ± SD net growth in the tidal fluvial estuary for all years was 5.48 ± 5.81 mm for subyearlings and 7.43 ± 8.32mm for yearlings. Differences in mean net growth by juvenile life-history type were not significant despite a prevailing assumption that subyearlings rear longer in estuary habitat than yearlings. Emigration sizes and net-growth estimates were significantly greater for subyearlings in outmigration year 2005 than 2006; there was only suggestive evidence emigration sizes were greater for yearlings in outmigration year 2005 than 2006, and net-growth estimates were similar between years. Sixteen percent (15 of 92) of McKenzie Chinook salmon grew between 10 and 43 mm over approximately 25-100 days in the tidal-fluvial Columbia River. Extended rearing in tidal-fluvial habitat provided an alternate life-history pathway for some yearling (12), fingerling (one), and fry (two) migrants. Subyearlings with intermediate-rearing or migratory life history pathways had greater net growth in tidal-fluvial habitat during 2005 than 2006, and in 2005 environmental conditions were unfavorable to overall salmon productivity. Fixed effects linear regression models suggest tidal-fluvial habitat supports McKenzie Chinook salmon life-history diversity, growth, and size, and therefore likely contributes to population resilience.
Download or read book Residency Growth and Outmigration Size of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Onchorhynchus Tshawytscha Across Rearing Locations in the Shasta River California written by Christing Mei Ling Roddam and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) in stream water collected in March 2012 and 2013 were measured to be 0.704 (precision of 0.000031) and 0.706 (precision of 0.000019) for the upper basin and the lower basin respectively. Juvenile Chinook salmon that reared in the lower or upper basin are identifiable by the distinct differences in 87Sr/86Sr incorporated into the juvenile region of the otoliths. This creates a unique opportunity to determine the relative contribution of the two rearing areas to juvenile Chinook salmon production and, potentially, adult returns via analysis of juvenile and adult otoliths. Overall, I found consistent difference in the duration of residence, growth, and outmigration size between juvenile Chinook salmon that reared in the upper or lower Shasta River basin, irrespective of the location from which fish were initially sampled. Life history differences reflected differences in habitat conditions between the upper and lower basin. Additionally, this project demonstrated the potential use of otolith isotope analysis to identify the rearing location of juvenile Chinook salmon, which may affect marine survival and adult returns.
