Download or read book Introduction to Natural Language Processing written by Jacob Eisenstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of computational methods for understanding, generating, and manipulating human language, which offers a synthesis of classical representations and algorithms with contemporary machine learning techniques. This textbook provides a technical perspective on natural language processing—methods for building computer software that understands, generates, and manipulates human language. It emphasizes contemporary data-driven approaches, focusing on techniques from supervised and unsupervised machine learning. The first section establishes a foundation in machine learning by building a set of tools that will be used throughout the book and applying them to word-based textual analysis. The second section introduces structured representations of language, including sequences, trees, and graphs. The third section explores different approaches to the representation and analysis of linguistic meaning, ranging from formal logic to neural word embeddings. The final section offers chapter-length treatments of three transformative applications of natural language processing: information extraction, machine translation, and text generation. End-of-chapter exercises include both paper-and-pencil analysis and software implementation. The text synthesizes and distills a broad and diverse research literature, linking contemporary machine learning techniques with the field's linguistic and computational foundations. It is suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses and as a reference for software engineers and data scientists. Readers should have a background in computer programming and college-level mathematics. After mastering the material presented, students will have the technical skill to build and analyze novel natural language processing systems and to understand the latest research in the field.

Download or read book Natural Language Processing in Artificial Intelligence written by Brojo Kishore Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-01 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on natural language processing, artificial intelligence, and allied areas. Natural language processing enables communication between people and computers and automatic translation to facilitate easy interaction with others around the world. This book discusses theoretical work and advanced applications, approaches, and techniques for computational models of information and how it is presented by language (artificial, human, or natural) in other ways. It looks at intelligent natural language processing and related models of thought, mental states, reasoning, and other cognitive processes. It explores the difficult problems and challenges related to partiality, underspecification, and context-dependency, which are signature features of information in nature and natural languages. Key features: Addresses the functional frameworks and workflow that are trending in NLP and AI Looks at the latest technologies and the major challenges, issues, and advances in NLP and AI Explores an intelligent field monitoring and automated system through AI with NLP and its implications for the real world Discusses data acquisition and presents a real-time case study with illustrations related to data-intensive technologies in AI and NLP.

Download or read book Building Natural Language Generation Systems written by Ehud Reiter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-01-28 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how to build Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems - computer software systems which use techniques from artificial intelligence and computational linguistics to automatically generate understandable texts in English or other human languages, either in isolation or as part of multimedia documents, Web pages, and speech output systems. Typically starting from some non-linguistic representation of information as input, NLG systems use knowledge about language and the application domain to automatically produce documents, reports, explanations, help messages, and other kinds of texts. The book covers the algorithms and representations needed to perform the core tasks of document planning, microplanning, and surface realization, using a case study to show how these components fit together. It also discusses engineering issues such as system architecture, requirements analysis, and the integration of text generation into multimedia and speech output systems.

Download or read book Natural Language Processing with Python written by Steven Bird and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a highly accessible introduction to natural language processing, the field that supports a variety of language technologies, from predictive text and email filtering to automatic summarization and translation. With it, you'll learn how to write Python programs that work with large collections of unstructured text. You'll access richly annotated datasets using a comprehensive range of linguistic data structures, and you'll understand the main algorithms for analyzing the content and structure of written communication. Packed with examples and exercises, Natural Language Processing with Python will help you: Extract information from unstructured text, either to guess the topic or identify "named entities" Analyze linguistic structure in text, including parsing and semantic analysis Access popular linguistic databases, including WordNet and treebanks Integrate techniques drawn from fields as diverse as linguistics and artificial intelligence This book will help you gain practical skills in natural language processing using the Python programming language and the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) open source library. If you're interested in developing web applications, analyzing multilingual news sources, or documenting endangered languages -- or if you're simply curious to have a programmer's perspective on how human language works -- you'll find Natural Language Processing with Python both fascinating and immensely useful.

Download or read book Natural Language Generation written by G.A. Kempen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, August 19-23, 1986

Download or read book Applied Natural Language Processing in the Enterprise written by Ankur A Patel and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NLP is one of the hottest topics in AI today. Having lagged for years behind other deep learning fields such as computer vision, NLP only recently gained mainstream popularity. Google, Facebook, and OpenAI have open-sourced large pretrained language models, but many organizations today still struggle with building and adopting NLP applications. This hands-on guide helps you learn the process quickly. If you have a basic to intermediate understanding of machine learning and programming experience with Python, you'll learn how to build and deploy real-world NLP applications in your organization. Authors Ankur Patel and Ajay Uppili Arasanipalai walk you through the process without bogging you down in theory. Understand how state-of-the-art NLP models work Learn the tools of the trade, including frameworks popular today Perform NLP tasks such as text classification, semantic search, and reading comprehension Solve problems using new models like transformers and techniques such as transfer learning Build NLP models from scratch with performance comparable or superior to out-of-the-box systems Deploy your models to production and maintain their performance Implement a suite of NLP algorithms using Python and PyTorch

Download or read book Natural Language Generation in Artificial Intelligence and Computational Linguistics written by Cecile L. Paris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the aims of Natural Language Processing is to facilitate .the use of computers by allowing their users to communicate in natural language. There are two important aspects to person-machine communication: understanding and generating. While natural language understanding has been a major focus of research, natural language generation is a relatively new and increasingly active field of research. This book presents an overview of the state of the art in natural language generation, describing both new results and directions for new research. The principal emphasis of natural language generation is not only to facili tate the use of computers but also to develop a computational theory of human language ability. In doing so, it is a tool for extending, clarifying and verifying theories that have been put forth in linguistics, psychology and sociology about how people communicate. A natural language generator will typically have access to a large body of knowledge from which to select information to present to users as well as numer of expressing it. Generating a text can thus be seen as a problem of ous ways decision-making under multiple constraints: constraints from the propositional knowledge at hand, from the linguistic tools available, from the communicative goals and intentions to be achieved, from the audience the text is aimed at and from the situation and past discourse. Researchers in generation try to identify the factors involved in this process and determine how best to represent the factors and their dependencies.

Download or read book Toward Human Level Artificial Intelligence written by Philip C. Jackson, Jr and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can human-level artificial intelligence be achieved? What are the potential consequences? This book describes a research approach toward achieving human-level AI, combining a doctoral thesis and research papers by the author. The research approach, called TalaMind, involves developing an AI system that uses a 'natural language of thought' based on the unconstrained syntax of a language such as English; designing the system as a collection of concepts that can create and modify concepts to behave intelligently in an environment; and using methods from cognitive linguistics for multiple levels of mental representation. Proposing a design-inspection alternative to the Turing Test, these pages discuss 'higher-level mentalities' of human intelligence, which include natural language understanding, higher-level forms of learning and reasoning, imagination, and consciousness. Dr. Jackson gives a comprehensive review of other research, addresses theoretical objections to the proposed approach and to achieving human-level AI in principle, and describes a prototype system that illustrates the potential of the approach. This book discusses economic risks and benefits of AI, considers how to ensure that human-level AI and superintelligence will be beneficial for humanity, and gives reasons why human-level AI may be necessary for humanity's survival and prosperity.

Download or read book Cognitive Approach to Natural Language Processing written by Bernadette Sharp and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As natural language processing spans many different disciplines, it is sometimes difficult to understand the contributions and the challenges that each of them presents. This book explores the special relationship between natural language processing and cognitive science, and the contribution of computer science to these two fields. It is based on the recent research papers submitted at the international workshops of Natural Language and Cognitive Science (NLPCS) which was launched in 2004 in an effort to bring together natural language researchers, computer scientists, and cognitive and linguistic scientists to collaborate together and advance research in natural language processing. The chapters cover areas related to language understanding, language generation, word association, word sense disambiguation, word predictability, text production and authorship attribution. This book will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the interdisciplinary nature of language processing. Discusses the problems and issues that researchers face, providing an opportunity for developers of NLP systems to learn from cognitive scientists, cognitive linguistics and neurolinguistics Provides a valuable opportunity to link the study of natural language processing to the understanding of the cognitive processes of the brain

Download or read book Emerging Applications of Natural Language Processing Concepts and New Research written by Bandyopadhyay, Sivaji and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-10-31 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book provides pertinent and vital information that researchers, postgraduate, doctoral students, and practitioners are seeking for learning about the latest discoveries and advances in NLP methodologies and applications of NLP"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing written by Christopher Manning and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999-05-28 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical approaches to processing natural language text have become dominant in recent years. This foundational text is the first comprehensive introduction to statistical natural language processing (NLP) to appear. The book contains all the theory and algorithms needed for building NLP tools. It provides broad but rigorous coverage of mathematical and linguistic foundations, as well as detailed discussion of statistical methods, allowing students and researchers to construct their own implementations. The book covers collocation finding, word sense disambiguation, probabilistic parsing, information retrieval, and other applications.

Download or read book Human Language Technology Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics written by Zygmunt Vetulani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Language and Technology Conference: Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics, LTC 2013, held in Poznań, Poland, in December 2013. The 31 revised and in many cases substantially extended papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 103 submissions.The papers selected to this volume belong to various fields of Human Language Technologies and illustrate a large thematic coverage of the LTC conferences. To make the presentation of the papers possibly transparent we have “structured” them into 9 chapters. These are: Speech Processing, Morphology, Parsing Related Issues, Computational Semantics, Digital Language Resources, Ontologies and Wordnets, Written Text and Document Processing, Information and Data Extraction, and Less-Resourced Languages.

Download or read book Neural Networks for Natural Language Processing written by S., Sumathi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information in today’s advancing world is rapidly expanding and becoming widely available. This eruption of data has made handling it a daunting and time-consuming task. Natural language processing (NLP) is a method that applies linguistics and algorithms to large amounts of this data to make it more valuable. NLP improves the interaction between humans and computers, yet there remains a lack of research that focuses on the practical implementations of this trending approach. Neural Networks for Natural Language Processing is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of linguistic information processing and its computational properties. This publication will support readers with performing sentence classification and language generation using neural networks, apply deep learning models to solve machine translation and conversation problems, and apply deep structured semantic models on information retrieval and natural language applications. While highlighting topics including deep learning, query entity recognition, and information retrieval, this book is ideally designed for research and development professionals, IT specialists, industrialists, technology developers, data analysts, data scientists, academics, researchers, and students seeking current research on the fundamental concepts and techniques of natural language processing.

Download or read book An Introduction to Natural Language Processing Through Prolog written by Clive Matthews and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into Natural Language Processing - the use of computers to process language - has developed over the last couple of decades into one of the most vigorous and interesting areas of current work on language and communication. This book introduces the subject through the discussion and development of various computer programs which illustrate some of the basic concepts and techniques in the field. The programming language used is Prolog, which is especially well-suited for Natural Language Processing and those with little or no background in computing. Following the general introduction, the first section of the book presents Prolog, and the following chapters illustrate how various Natural Language Processing programs may be written using this programming language. Since it is assumed that the reader has no previous experience in programming, great care is taken to provide a simple yet comprehensive introduction to Prolog. Due to the 'user friendly' nature of Prolog, simple yet effective programs may be written from an early stage. The reader is gradually introduced to various techniques for syntactic processing, ranging from Finite State Network recognisors to Chart parsers. An integral element of the book is the comprehensive set of exercises included in each chapter as a means of cementing the reader's understanding of each topic. Suggested answers are also provided. An Introduction to Natural Language Processing Through Prolog is an excellent introduction to the subject for students of linguistics and computer science, and will be especially useful for those with no background in the subject.

Download or read book Natural Language Generation Systems written by David D. McDonald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural language generation is a field within artificial intelligence which looks ahead to the future when machines will communicate complex thoughts to their human users in a natural way. Generation systems supply the sophisticated knowledge about natural languages that must come into play when one needs to use wordings that will overpower techniques based only on symbolic string manipulation techniques. Topics covered in this volume include discourse theory, mechanical translation, deliberate writing, and revision. Natural Language Generation Systems contains contributions by leading researchers in the field. Chapters contain details of grammatical treatments and processing seldom reported on outside of full length monographs.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Computer Science written by Anthony Ralston and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 2064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Computer Science is the definitive reference in computer science and technology. First published in 1976, it is still the only single volume to cover every major aspect of the field. Now in its Fourth Edition, this influential work provides an historical timeline highlighting the key breakthroughs in computer science and technology, as well as clear and concise explanations of the latest technology and its practical applications. Its unique blend of historical perspective, current knowledge and predicted future trends has earned it its richly deserved reputation as an unrivalled reference classic. What sets the Encyclopedia apart from other reference sources is the comprehensiveness of each of its entries. Encompassing far more than mere definitions, each article elaborates on a topic giving a remarkable breadth and depth of coverage. The visual impact of the volume is enhanced with a 16 page colour insert spotlighting advanced computer applications and computer-generated graphics technology. In addition, the text is enlivened with figures, tables, diagrams, illustrations and photographs. With contributions from over 300 international experts, the 4th Edition contains over 100 completely new articles ranging from artificial life to computer ethics, data mining to Java, mobile computing to quantum computing and software safety to the World Wide Web. In addition, each of the more than 600 articles have been extensively revised, expanded and updated to reflect the latest developments in computer science and technology. Intelligently and thoughtfully organised, all the articles are classified around 9 main themes Hardware Software Computer Systems Information and Data Mathematics of Computing Theory of Computation Methodologies Applications Computing Milieux Within each of these major headings are a wealth of articles that provide the reader with concise yet thorough coverage of the topic. In addition, cross-references are included at the beginning of each article, directing the reader immediately to related material. In addition the Encyclopedia contains useful appendices including: An expanded glossary of major terms in English, German, Spanish and Russian A revised list of abbreviations and acronyms An updated list of computer science and engineering research journals A list of articles from previous editions not included in the 4th edition A Name Index listing almost 3500 individuals cited in the text A comprehensive General Index with 7000 entries A chronology of significant milestones Computer Society & Academic Computer Science Department Listings Numerical Tables, Mathematical Notation and Units of Measure Highly-regarded as an essential resource for computer professionals, engineers, mathematicians, students and scientists, the Encyclopedia of Computer Science is a must-have reference for every college, university, business and high-school library.

Download or read book Empirical Methods in Natural Language Generation written by Emiel Krahmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural language generation (NLG) is a subfield of natural language processing (NLP) that is often characterized as the study of automatically converting non-linguistic representations (e.g., from databases or other knowledge sources) into coherent natural language text. In recent years the field has evolved substantially. Perhaps the most important new development is the current emphasis on data-oriented methods and empirical evaluation. Progress in related areas such as machine translation, dialogue system design and automatic text summarization and the resulting awareness of the importance of language generation, the increasing availability of suitable corpora in recent years, and the organization of shared tasks for NLG, where different teams of researchers develop and evaluate their algorithms on a shared, held out data set have had a considerable impact on the field, and this book offers the first comprehensive overview of recent empirically oriented NLG research.