Download or read book Natural Analogues in Radioactive Waste Disposal written by B. Come and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to validate predictive models of the very long-term processes which affect the performance of radioactive waste repositories, there has been an increased interest in the information and understanding which can be obtained from studying similar mechanisms in natural systems. These "natural analogues", as they are known in the jargon of waste management, have been studied sporadically for many years, but there has been a considerable rejuvenation of interest in the last four years, possibly owing to the fact that performance assessment methodolo gy is gradually maturing to the point where it needs the kind of support which analogues can offer. Since 1982, the Commission of the European Communities has been involved in specific work on natural analogues in the framework of its activities on radioactive waste management, principally within the MIRAGE project which concerns migration of radionuclides in the geosphere. As a consequence, the Commission took the initiative, in 1985, of establish ing a Natural Analogue Working Group (NAWG) whose members can benefit from the overall expertise available for managing their own natural analogue research programmes. In this group, modeller' s requirements and the results of field research are exchanged at regular intervals. A number of wide-ranging investigation programmes, both on national and international scales. are currently underway or being initiated, and several of these have been discussed recently at the NAWG.
Download or read book Natural Analogues in Radioactive Waste Disposal written by B. Come and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-09 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to validate predictive models of the very long-term processes which affect the performance of radioactive waste repositories, there has been an increased interest in the information and understanding which can be obtained from studying similar mechanisms in natural systems. These "natural analogues", as they are known in the jargon of waste management, have been studied sporadically for many years, but there has been a considerable rejuvenation of interest in the last four years, possibly owing to the fact that performance assessment methodolo gy is gradually maturing to the point where it needs the kind of support which analogues can offer. Since 1982, the Commission of the European Communities has been involved in specific work on natural analogues in the framework of its activities on radioactive waste management, principally within the MIRAGE project which concerns migration of radionuclides in the geosphere. As a consequence, the Commission took the initiative, in 1985, of establish ing a Natural Analogue Working Group (NAWG) whose members can benefit from the overall expertise available for managing their own natural analogue research programmes. In this group, modeller' s requirements and the results of field research are exchanged at regular intervals. A number of wide-ranging investigation programmes, both on national and international scales. are currently underway or being initiated, and several of these have been discussed recently at the NAWG.
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes and Natural Analogues written by W. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries are currently exploring the option to dispose of highly radioactive solid wastes deep underground in purpose built, engineered repositories. A number of surface and shallow repositories for less radioactive wastes are already in operation. One of the challenges facing the nuclear industry is to demonstrate confidently that a repository will contain wastes for so long that any releases that might take place in the future will pose no significant health or environmental risk. One method for building confidence in the long-term future safety of a repository is to look at the physical and chemical processes which operate in natural and archaeological systems, and to draw appropriate parallels with the repository. For example, to understand why some uranium orebodies have remained isolated underground for billions of years. Such studies are called 'natural analogues'. This book investigates the concept of geological disposal and examines the wide range of natural analogues which have been studied. Lessons learnt from studies of archaeological and natural systems can be used to improve our capabilities for assessing the future safety of a radioactive waste repository.
Download or read book Natural Analogue Studies in the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes written by W.M. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive review of the state of development of natural analogue studies with emphasis on those studies which are relevant to the following repository designs: Nagra (Switzerland) disposal concepts for high-level waste/low and intermediate-level waste; SKB (Sweden) disposal concepts for spent fuel/low and intermediate-level waste; and Nirex (UK) disposal concept for low and intermediate-level waste. The book's second aim is to discuss the expanding application of natural analogues for non-performance assessment purposes, especially their potential for presenting the concept of geological disposal to various interested audiences in a coherent, understandable and scientifically legitimate manner. Much of the discussion of the book is relevant to concepts for geological disposal of radioactive wastes by other countries, and is concerned only with those physico-chemical processes which control the release of radionuclides from the near-field, and their subsequent retardation and transport in the geosphere.
Download or read book Natural Analogues in Performance Assessments for the Disposal of Long Lived Radioactive Wastes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique and scientifically most difficult aspect of predictive safety analysis of repositories for long lived wastes is the extrapolation of short term field and laboratory data to the long periods of time required by regulatory agencies for performance assessment. Natural analogues may be the only way of obtaining data on the cumulative effect of the migration of radionuclides over the time-scales of interest. This report briefly summarizes the state of the art in this field for technical specialists and may also serve as an introduction to the subject for managers.
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes and Natural Analogues written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries are currently exploring the option to dispose of highly radioactive solid wastes deep underground in purpose built, engineered repositories. A number of surface and shallow repositories for less radioactive wastes are already in operation. One of the challenges facing the nuclear industry is to demonstrate confidently that a repository will contain wastes for so long that any releases that might take place in the future will pose no significant health or environmental risk. One method for building confidence in the long-term future safety of a repository is to look at the physical and chemical processes which operate in natural and archaeological systems, and to draw appropriate parallels with the repository. For example, to understand why some uranium orebodies have remained isolated underground for billions of years. Such studies are called 'natural analogues'. This book investigates the concept of geological disposal and examines the wide range of natural analogues which have been studied. Lessons learnt from studies of archaeological and natural systems can be used to improve our capabilities for assessing the future safety of a radioactive waste repository.
Download or read book The Pocos de Caldas Project Natural Analogues of Processes in a Radioactive Waste Repository written by N.A. Chapman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The safe disposal of radioactive wastes by burial in deep geological formations requires long-term predictions of the future behaviour of the wastes and their engineered repository. Such predictions can be tested by evaluating processes analogous to those which will occur in a repository, which have been long active in the natural geochemical environment. The Pocos de Caldas Project is a comprehensive study of two ore deposits in Minas Gerais, Brazil, aimed at looking at uranium and thorium series radionuclide and rare-earth element mobility, the development and movement of redox fronts, and the nature of natural groundwater colloids. A multidisciplinary team of experts from 27 laboratories carried out a fully integrated study of the geology, geomorphology, hydrogeology, geochemistry, hydrochemistry and geomicrobiology of the two sites for nearly four years. This book contains 20 papers covering the detailed findings, with particular emphasis on their significance for radioactive waste disposal, especially on the use of the data in testing models of radionuclide movement. It will interest economic geologists, geochemists and performance assessment modellers involved in the geological disposal of radioactive wastes.
Download or read book Natural Analogs in Support of the Canadian Concept for Nuclear Fuel Waste Disposal written by Jan J. Cramer and published by Pinawa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories. This book was released on 1994 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data used for the assessment modelling of the Canadian concept for disposal of nuclear fuel waste is mainly based on observations from short-term laboratory and field experiments, although it must apply to periods of 10,000 to one million years. Natural analogs can provide useful data and a qualitative illustration of the interaction of processes and materials in complex natural systems. This report reviews the available natural analog information used in support of the Canadian concept, with particular emphasis on the disposal of used CANDU fuel. The report gives a definition of natural analogs and an overview of the various types of analogs and analog studies; describes the main components of the disposal system, including the vault, the geosphere, and the biosphere, and gives specific examples for each; and describes several comprehensive natural systems that contain a number of features and processes similar to the disposal concept and that are under study by other countries as part of their waste disposal management programs.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Repository Licensing written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book recounts the issues raised and the viewpoints aired at a recent symposium on repository licensing. It summarizes the problems surrounding the setting of an Environmental Protection Agency standard for the release of radionuclides and the regulatory problems inherent in meeting such a standard. Symposium participants came from a variety of federal agencies and advisory groups, state governments, public interest groups, engineering firms, national laboratories, and foreign and international organizations. The book illustrates the strong feeling in the radioactive waste disposal community that changes must be made if the United States is to fulfill its promise of safe management of current and future nuclear waste.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Basis for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes written by and published by Technical Reports Series. This book was released on 2003 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report focuses on the different functions of a repository within its life cycle and describes the processes relevant to the containment of long lived radioactive waste and other criteria influencing the long term integrity of the repository. It emphasizes the central role of safety and the importance of safety/performance assessments in the decision making process during repository development.
Download or read book Natural analogues for radioactive waste burial written by David P. Hodgkinson and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Scientific and Regulatory Basis for the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste written by David Savage and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The disposal of radioactive waste is a central issue in the future of nuclear power and poses considerable technical, political and social issues. This book addresses these topics in an integrated fashion using performance assessment of the disposal concept as a unifying theme. Subjects addressed include: regulatory criteria; waste types, sources and characteristics; man-made or "engineered" barriers; the selection and evaluation of geological disposal media; the use of underground research laboratories; the movement of radionuclides in the biosphere; repository performance assessment tools and approaches; addressing uncertainty and spatial variability; assessing information from natural systems; and looking at radioactive waste in relation to other wastes. The book provides an up-to-date picture of radioactive waste disposal issues and will be of interest to scientists, engineers and consultants working in the nuclear industry and the environmental field.
Download or read book Natural Analogues to the Conditions Around a Final Repository for High level Radioactive Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Anthropogenic Analogues for Geological Disposal of High Level and Long Lived Waste written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term safety of a disposal facility depends on the performance of the whole multibarrier system, comprising of engineered, human-made elements and natural barriers. This publication sets out the findings of a co-ordinated research project established to gather results of national projects to examine long-term exposure of human-made materials (such as copper based metals, glasses and concrete) in conditions similar to that of disposal. It focuses on methods employed in the characterisation of selected samples, and on quantification of degradation processes in the studied, mostly geochemical, systems.
Download or read book Low level Radioactive Waste Disposal written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemical Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal written by D. G. Brookins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an extremely voluminous literature on radioactive waste and its disposal, much in the form of government-sponsored research reports. To wade through this mountain of literature is indeed a tedious task, and it is safe to speculate that very few, if any, individuals have the time to examine each report that has been issued during the preceding ten years. This book attempts to summarize much of this literature. Further, many workers in the geosciences have not received training in the nuclear sciences, and many nuclear scientists could be better versed in geology. In this book an attempt is made to cover some background material on radioactive wastes and geotoxicity that may not be an integral part of a geologist's training, and background material on geology and geochemistry for the nuclear scientist. The geochemical material is designed for both the geoscientist and the nuclear scientist. There is no specific level for this book. Certainly, it should be useful to advanced undergraduates and graduates studying geology and nuclear science. It does not pretend to cover a tremendous amount of detail in all subjects, yet the references cited provide the necessary source materials for follow-up study. It is my intention that the reader of this book will have a better, broader understanding of the geochemical aspects of radioactive waste disposal than is otherwise available in anyone source.
Download or read book Mission Plan for the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
