Download or read book How NATO Adapts written by Seth A. Johnston and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2017-02 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite momentous change, NATO remains a crucial safeguard of security and peace. Today’s North Atlantic Treaty Organization, with nearly thirty members and a global reach, differs strikingly from the alliance of twelve created in 1949 to “keep the Americans in, the Russians out, and the Germans down.” These differences are not simply the result of the Cold War’s end, 9/11, or recent twenty-first-century developments but represent a more general pattern of adaptability first seen in the incorporation of Germany as a full member of the alliance in the early 1950s. Unlike other enduring post–World War II institutions that continue to reflect the international politics of their founding era, NATO stands out for the boldness and frequency of its transformations over the past seventy years. In this compelling book, Seth A. Johnston presents readers with a detailed examination of how NATO adapts. Nearly every aspect of NATO—including its missions, functional scope, size, and membership—is profoundly different than at the organization’s founding. Using a theoretical framework of “critical junctures” to explain changes in NATO’s organization and strategy throughout its history, Johnston argues that the alliance’s own bureaucratic actors played important and often overlooked roles in these adaptations. Touching on renewed confrontation between Russia and the West, which has reignited the debate about NATO’s relevance, as well as a quarter century of post–Cold War rapprochement and more than a decade of expeditionary effort in Afghanistan, How NATO Adapts explores how crises from Ukraine to Syria have again made NATO’s capacity for adaptation a defining aspect of European and international security. Students, scholars, and policy practitioners will find this a useful resource for understanding NATO, transatlantic relations, and security in Europe and North America, as well as theories about change in international institutions.

Download or read book NATO Handbook written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Europe and NATO written by Michael Davis and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NATO and 1992 written by Simon Webb and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1989 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the mid-1970s, members of NATO have doubled annual spending in real terms on new equipment for their armed forces. Throughout this period, there have been calls for greater rationalization, standardization, and interoperability among the Allies. Countries have also changed the way they acquire equipment. This report tracks the changes in patterns of acquisition since the 1960s. It also assesses the main forms of cooperation in more detail. It reviews the growth in transatlantic trade following initiatives in the 1970s, the emergence of collaborative development programs, the role of licensed and co-production schemes, and trade in components and other subcontract items. It examines the results of these policies on frontline forces in Europe and the North Atlantic, and reviews the theoretical benefits expected from the free markets, and the potential for securing similar gains in defense acquisition. The author discusses defense, and other, reasons that countries may prefer to buy equipment from domestic industries. He compares the evolving institutional frameworks of NATO and the European Economic Community for public sector purchasing. He then discusses the broader implications for NATO of the free trade blocks, and particularly how these might affect relationships between the United States and Europe. Finally, he considers possible ways in which free market principles might be reconciled in practice with key concerns of defense policy.

Download or read book Beyond NATO written by Michael E. O'Hanlon and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O'Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe's far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia. The new security architecture would require that Russia, like NATO, commit to help uphold the security of Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova, and other states in the region. Russia would have to withdraw its troops from those countries in a verifiable manner; after that, corresponding sanctions on Russia would be lifted. The neutral countries would retain their rights to participate in multilateral security operations on a scale comparable to what has been the case in the past, including even those operations that might be led by NATO. They could think of and describe themselves as Western states (or anything else, for that matter). If the European Union and they so wished in the future, they could join the EU. They would have complete sovereignty and self-determination in every sense of the word. But NATO would decide not to invite them into the alliance as members. Ideally, these nations would endorse and promote this concept themselves as a more practical way to ensure their security than the current situation or any other plausible alternative.

Download or read book 1992 Implications for NATO written by John M. Foley and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The US NATO and Military Burden sharing written by Peter Kent Forster and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study establishes that political, economic, and military-technological changes transform the international system and alter the way in which a state views its and others' responsibilities and burdens for responding to international crises. It assesses the distribution of the costs of raising and supporting armed forces, the risks of deploying them overseas and using them in combat or peace operations, and the extent to which members of the system have a responsibility for maintaining international order in the context of three instances of multinational military intervention - the Multinational Force deployment in Lebanon in 1982-83, the first Persian Gulf War in 1990-91 including information of the impact of the recent conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the United Nations', and subsequently NATO's, intervention in the Balkans 1992-99.

Download or read book Europe and Nato 1992 1994 Supplement Microfilm written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NATO s Balkan Interventions written by Dana H. Allin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines NATO's Balkan interventions over the entire decade starting with the break-up of Yugoslavia in 1992. Focusing on the wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, it traces the record of early transatlantic failures and later successes as once bitterly divided allies were able, finally, to unite around some basic principles. By the time of the Kosovo intervention in spring 1999, the allies agreed on the necessity of taking sides and using military force in conflicts that were complicated, but far from morally opaque. The book concludes with some lessons around which the transatlantic allies might reasonably hope - despite other pressing concerns - to stay engaged and stay united.

Download or read book The 1992 NATO CCMS Pilot Study Meeting on Evaluation of Demonstrated and Emerging Technologies for the Treatment and Clean up of Contaminated Land and Groundwater written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO. and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NATO Expansion and Russian Domestic Politics 1992 2002 written by Isaac Kwasi Klogo and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book N a t o Handbook 1992 written by N. A. T. O. and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NATO and the UN written by Lawrence S. Kaplan and published by University of Missouri Press. This book was released on 2010-02-24 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed just four years after the United Nations, it provided its members with a measure of security in the face of the Soviet Union’s veto power in the senior organization’s Security Council, as well as a means of coping with Communist expansion. Ever since then, the two institutions have been competitors in maintaining peace in the postwar world. Occasionally they have cooperated; more often they have not. In NATO and the UN, Lawrence Kaplan, one of the leading experts on NATO, examines the intimate and often contentious relations between the two and describes how this relationship has changed over the course of two generations. Kaplan documents the many interactions between them throughout their interconnected history, focusing on the major flashpoints where either NATO clashed with UN leadership, the United States and the Soviet Union confronted each other directly, or fissures within the Atlantic alliance were dramatized in UN sessions. He draws on the organizations’ records as well as unpublished files from the National Archives and its counterparts in Britain, France, and Germany to provide the best account yet of working relations between the two organizations. By examining their complex connection with regard to such conflicts as the Balkan wars, Kaplan enhances our understanding of both institutions. Crisis management has been a source of conflict between the two in the past but has also served as an incentive for collaboration, and Kaplan shows how this peculiar but persistent relationship has functioned. Although the Cold War years are gone, the UN remains the setting where NATO problems have played out, as they have in Iraq during recent decades. And it is to NATO that the UN has turned for military power to face crises in the Balkans, Middle East, and South Asia. Kaplan stresses the importance of both organizations in the twenty-first century, recognizing their potential to advance global peace and security while showing how their tangled history explains the obstacles that stand in the way. His work offers significant findings that will especially impact our understanding of NATO while filling a sizable gap in our understanding of post-World War II diplomacy.

Download or read book NATO in the Cold War and After written by Sergey Radchenko and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines episodes in NATO’s history from the founding of the North Atlantic Alliance in 1949 to its transition to the post-Cold War order in the 1990s, with an eye to better understanding its present and its future. NATO’s history, now running over seventy years, can no longer be framed in Cold War terms alone. Nor can the organization be understood fully as a post-Cold War institution. Today’s NATO is a product of both these eras. This edited volume offers a reconsideration of NATO’s place in history, looking both at how the alliance coped with the Cold War and how it managed its difficult transition to the post-Cold War international order. Contributors recount how NATO coped with its many political and operational challenges, which on occasion threatened – but never managed to – derail the alliance. The book opens new vistas for explaining how NATO thrived and survived for decades and ponders whether it will survive for many more. The book will be of great value to scholars, students and policymakers interested in Politics, International Studies, Global Affairs and Public Policy. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of Journal of Strategic Studies.

Download or read book Pursuing Strategy written by H. Edström and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formulating a strategy involves complex interactions between politicians, strategic commanders and generals in the field. The authors explore the strategic decisions made during NATO missions in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Afghanistan, Somalia and Libya.

Download or read book UN NATO Operational Co operation in Peacekeeping 1992 1995 written by Hans-Christian Hagman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NATO and the Future of European and Asian Security written by Carsten Sander Christensen and published by Information Science Reference. This book was released on 2021 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers perspective on the difficult geopolitical and geostrategic conditions and review how new type of warfare - Fourth Generation War - has drastic impact on the Alliance military and defense doctrines contributing to the understanding of the transformation of regional security environment in aegis of the Euro-Atlantic Community"--