Download or read book NATIONAL SECURITY AND INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT REVIEW written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Security Infrastructure Investment Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States Cfius written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) is comprised of nine members, two ex officio members, and other members as appointed by the President representing major departments and agencies within the federal executive branch. While the group generally has operated in relative obscurity, the proposed acquisition of commercial operations at six U.S. ports by Dubai Ports World in 2006 placed the group's operations under intense scrutiny by Members of Congress and the public. Prompted by this case, some Members of the 109th and 110th Congresses questioned the ability of Congress to exercise its oversight responsibilities given the general view that CFIUS's operations lack transparency. Other Members revisited concerns about the linkage between national security and the role of foreign investment in the U.S. economy. Some Members of Congress and others argued that the nation's security and economic concerns have changed since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and that these concerns were not being reflected sufficiently in the Committee's deliberations. In addition, anecdotal evidence seemed to indicate that the CFIUS process was not market neutral. Instead, a CFIUS investigation of an investment transaction may have been perceived by some firms and by some in the financial markets as a negative factor that added to uncertainty and may have spurred firms to engage in behavior that may not have been optimal for the economy as a whole. On July 12, 2016, Senator Charles Grassley introduced S. 3161 to include the Secretary of Agriculture as a permanent member of the CFIUS and to include the national security impact of foreign investments on agricultural assets as part of the criteria the Committee uses in deciding to recommend that the President block a foreign acquisition.
Download or read book REFORM OF NATIONAL SECURITY REVIEWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS ACT JULY 17 2006 109 2 HOUSE REPORT NO 109 523 PART 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Security in International and Domestic Investment Law written by Yuwen Li and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a dynamic introduction to the new developments on national security review of foreign direct investment (FDI) from the perspectives of both domestic law and international investment law. COVID-19 and the Russian invasion of Ukraine have intensified FDI screening to an unprecedented scale, yet its purposes, scope and potential impact remain ambiguous and controversial. The book first attests the legitimacy of FDI screening by using the theory of National Security Constitution. Part I explicates the national security, public order and public health exceptions clauses in international investment law and the novel EU Regulation on FDI screening. Part II provides an in-depth analysis of FDI screening in China, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and the UK, which have either witnessed momentous changes in domestic law recently or have adopted new laws to cope with the growing security concerns. The book illustrates how States and the EU are using legal instruments to tackle exigent and emerging challenges and the complexity of national security emanated from foreign investment, in the context of evolving disruptive digital technologies and the structural change of the global economy. The volume will be of great value to a wide range of audiences including academics in investment and trade law, legal practitioners, in-house counsels, policymakers, business professionals and law and business students at the graduate level.
Download or read book Defense Trade written by Ann Calvaresi-Barr and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Exon-Florio amendment to the Defense Production Act of 1950, enacted in 1988, authorized the President to suspend or prohibit foreign acquisitions of U.S. companies that pose a threat to national security. The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States--chaired by the Department of Treasury with 11 other members, including the Departments of Commerce, Defense, and Homeland Security--implements Exon-Florio through a four-step review process: (1) voluntary notice by the companies of pending or completed acquisitions; (2) a 30-day review to determine whether the acquisition could pose a threat to national security; (3) a 45-day investigation period to determine whether concerns require possible action by the President; and (4) a presidential decision to permit, suspend, or prohibit the acquisition. Over the past decade, GAO has conducted several reviews of the Committee's process and has found areas where improvements were needed. GAO's most recent work, conducted in 2005, indicated concerns remained. Exon-Florio reviews are meant to serve as a safety net when other laws may be inadequate to protect national security. GAO found that several aspects of the review process may have weakened the law's effectiveness. First, member disagreement about what defines a threat to national security may have limited the Committee's analyses. Some argued that reviews should be limited to concerns about export-controlled technologies or items, classified contracts, or specific derogatory intelligence concerning the company. Others argued for a broader scope, one that considers potential threats to U.S. critical infrastructure, defense supply, and technology superiority. Committee members also differed on the criteria that should be used to determine when an investigation is warranted. Some applied essentially the criteria in the law for a presidential decision--that is, there is credible evidence that the foreign controlling interest may take action that threatens national security and that no other laws other than the International Emergency Economic Powers Act are adequate to protect national security. Others argued that these criteria are inappropriate because the purpose of an investigation is to determine if credible evidence of a threat exists. While most cases can be completed within the 30-day review period, complex acquisitions may require more time. Concerned that an investigation could discourage foreign investment, the Committee allowed companies to withdraw notifications rather than proceed to investigation. While this practice can provide additional review time without chilling foreign investment, it may also heighten the risk to national security in transactions where there are concerns and the acquisition has been completed or is likely to be completed during the withdrawal period. Finally, because few cases are investigated, few require a presidential decision, giving Congress little insight into the Committee's process.
Download or read book Economic Security Neglected Dimension of National Security written by National Defense University (U S ) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 24-25, 2010, the National Defense University held a conference titled “Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security?” to explore the economic element of national power. This special collection of selected papers from the conference represents the view of several keynote speakers and participants in six panel discussions. It explores the complexity surrounding this subject and examines the major elements that, interacting as a system, define the economic component of national security.
Download or read book Defense Trade written by Ann M. Calvaresi-Barr and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book US National Security and Foreign Direct Investment written by Edward Montgomery Graham and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2006 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States, the national security concerns associated with this investment, and treatment of these concerns under US policy. This book asks whether the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (CFIUS) process can be improved and answers in the affirmative.Does foreign ownership of American businesses pose a threat to the United States (like the abortive attempt by CNOOC, a Chinese company, to purchase Unocal during the summer of 2005)? This important new book examines foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States, the national security concerns associated with this investment, and treatment of these concerns under US policy. It asks whether the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (CFIUS) process can be improved and answers in the affirmative. The book starts by looking at the review process for foreign takeovers of US firms (including a historical review), looks at the economic and political impact on the United States of foreign direct investment, takes a detailed look at issues relating to FDI posed by the rise of China as an economic and geopolitical power and finally suggests some changes to the Exon-Florio process.
Download or read book Foreign Investment and National Security written by Alan P. Larson and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report makes recommendations for reforming the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) and examines how the administration and Congress can reassure foreign investors of U.S. openness and address growing anxieties in other countries.
Download or read book Review of National Rules for Protection of Infrastructure Relevant for Security of Supply written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report draws on information from national reports in 28 Member States and in five selected third countries (Australia, Canada, China, United States and Russia). It also includes information obtained from interviews with foreign investors. Subsection 2.1 focuses on the Member States legal approaches to control foreign investments in electricity and gas infrastructures (e.g. screening mechanisms, ownership restrictions) and includes a description of relevant electricity and gas infrastructures for security of supply in Member States and their related ownership control. Subsection 2.2 focuses on the selected five third countries and identifies differences and/or similar trends in their legal approaches to control foreign investment in electricity and gas infrastructures. Finally, Section 3 sets some potential good practices on investment screening mechanism based on the review of such mechanisms adopted in Member States and five non- EU countries as well as the review of policy and academic writings on this topic.
Download or read book Economic Analysis and Infrastructure Investment written by Edward L. Glaeser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Policy-makers often call for expanding public spending on infrastructure, which includes a broad range of investments from roads and bridges to digital networks that will expand access to high-speed broadband. Some point to near-term macro-economic benefits and job creation, others focus on long-term effects on productivity and economic growth. This volume explores the links between infrastructure spending and economic outcomes, as well as key economic issues in the funding and management of infrastructure projects. It draws together research studies that describe the short-run stimulus effects of infrastructure spending, develop new estimates of the stock of U.S. infrastructure capital, and explore the incentive aspects of public-private partnerships (PPPs). A salient issue is the treatment of risk in evaluating publicly-funded infrastructure projects and in connection with PPPs. The goal of the volume is to provide a reference for researchers seeking to expand research on infrastructure issues, and for policy-makers tasked with determining the appropriate level of infrastructure spending"--
Download or read book Foreign Involvement in the Critical National Infrastructure written by Great Britain. Intelligence and Security Committee and published by . This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Certain telecommunications networks are a critical element of the UK's infrastructure, "the loss or compromise of which would have a major, detrimental impact on the availability or integrity of essential services, leading to sever economic or social consequences …" In the UK the Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) is now largely in the hands of private enterprises. There is potentially a conflict between the commercial imperative and national security. In 2003 BT, which is responsible for large parts of the UK's telecommunications structure, embarked on a major £10bn rationalisation and upgrade project (the 21st Century Network). A number of companies were selected to supply the various equipment required, one of which was Huawei, a Chinese telecommunications company. A contract for supply of transmission and access equipment, including routers, was signed in 2005, with this being deployed across the network from January 2007. Most of the concerns surrounding Huawei relate to its perceived links to the Chinese State. Huawei denies direct links with the Chinese Government or military, though the Committee notes that such links are considered normal in China. Huawei has also invested in the Cyber Security Evaluation Centre (the Cell), and the Committee is concerned that a Hauwei-run Cell is responsible for providing assurance about Huawei products. The National Security Adviser should review the effectiveness of the Cell as a matter of urgency and GCHQ must have greater oversight. The risk to the CNI must be managed properly: alerts for foreign investment in CNI; risk assessment; ministers must be informed.
Download or read book Addressing Evolving National Security Concerns Associated with Adversarial Capital in the United States written by Susan von Struensee and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign investment in U.S. companies benefits the economy, but poses risks to national security. Critical emerging and foundational technologies are especially attractive to foreign exploitation. Given the unique opportunities and challenges posed by emerging technologies, the National Counterintelligence and Security Center has prioritized its industry outreach efforts in U.S. technology sectors where the stakes are potentially greatest for U.S. economic and national security.The Office of the Director of National Intelligence reported in 2021 that new technological developments will increasingly emerge from peer adversaries, and, despite an upside to democratization of techonology, there is, nonetheless, a disruptive and destabilizing aspect, economically, militarily, and socially. From a national security perspective, advances in technologies such as quantum computing, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, automation, and manufacturing warrant extra scrutiny to anticipate the trajectories of emerging technologies and understand their implications for security. The 2022 Annual Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community reported that multiple trends are shaping the technology landscape of the next decades. The increasing convergence of disparate disciplines and the rise of global competition to generate and lock in advantage create a global diffusion of emerging technologies, accelerated timelines for development and maturation of technologies, and blurred lines between commercial and military endeavors, particularly in fields such as artificial intelligence (AI), biotechnologies, robotics, automation, and smart materials and manufacturing.
Download or read book Review of the Federal Infrastructure Investments Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CFIUS Reform written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Innovation and National Security written by Adam Segal and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past three-quarters of a century, the United States has led the world in technological innovation and development. The nation now risks falling behind its competitors, principally China. The United States needs to advance a national innovation strategy to ensure it remains the predominant power in a range of emerging technologies. Innovation and National Security: Keeping Our Edge outlines a strategy based on four pillars: restoring federal funding for research and development, attracting and educating a science and technology workforce, supporting technology adoption in the defense sector, and bolstering and scaling technology alliances and ecosystems. Failure could lead to a future in which rivals strengthen their militaries and threaten U.S. security interests, and new innovation centers replace the United States as the source of original ideas and inspiration for the world.
