Download or read book The Behavioral and Social Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.
Download or read book Funding a Revolution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.
Download or read book National Research Funding Levels written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Task Force on Science Policy and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NCI Fact Book written by National Cancer Institute (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NCI Grants Awarded written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trends in Federal Support of Research and Graduate Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Board on Science, Technology and Economic Policy updated its 1999 analysis (Appendix A, Securing America's Industrial Strength, 1999) of changes since 1990 in the distribution of federal research funding by field of science and engineering) by incorporating FY 1998 and FY 1999 obligations from the NSF Federal Funds survey, with particular attention to the trends in basic research support, changes in research fields' relative dependence on research-sponsoring agencies, and the relationship between changes in research support and changes in enrollment in graduate training in selected fields of research. The Board did not recommend funding levels for any discipline but addressed procedural aspects of R&D budgeting.
Download or read book Measuring the Science and Engineering Enterprise written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-14 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science and engineering enterprise has continued to evolve, responding over the last decade to increased economic globalization, a post-cold war military, federal budget fluctuations, and structural changes in the way science and engineering are conducted and innovations are adopted. This report suggests ways to revise the data collection activities of the Science Resources Studies Division (SRS) of the National Science Foundation to better capture the current realities of R&D funding and S&E human resources. The report's recommendations would improve the relevance of the data on graduate education, the labor market for scientists and engineers, and the funding and conduct of research and development, and thus better meet the data needs of policymakers, managers, and researchers.
Download or read book Optimizing the Nation s Investment in Academic Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research universities are critical contributors to our national research enterprise. They are the principal source of a world-class labor force and fundamental discoveries that enhance our lives and the lives of others around the world. These institutions help to create an educated citizenry capable of making informed and crucial choices as participants in a democratic society. However many are concerned that the unintended cumulative effect of federal regulations undercuts the productivity of the research enterprise and diminishes the return on the federal investment in research. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research reviews the regulatory framework as it currently exists, considers specific regulations that have placed undue and often unanticipated burdens on the research enterprise, and reassesses the process by which these regulations are created, reviewed, and retired. This review is critical to strengthen the partnership between the federal government and research institutions, to maximize the creation of new knowledge and products, to provide for the effective training and education of the next generation of scholars and workers, and to optimize the return on the federal investment in research for the benefit of the American people.
Download or read book Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in the scale and complexity of scientific research. The growing scale of science has been accompanied by a shift toward collaborative research, referred to as "team science." Scientific research is increasingly conducted by small teams and larger groups rather than individual investigators, but the challenges of collaboration can slow these teams' progress in achieving their scientific goals. How does a team-based approach work, and how can universities and research institutions support teams? Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science synthesizes and integrates the available research to provide guidance on assembling the science team; leadership, education and professional development for science teams and groups. It also examines institutional and organizational structures and policies to support science teams and identifies areas where further research is needed to help science teams and groups achieve their scientific and translational goals. This report offers major public policy recommendations for science research agencies and policymakers, as well as recommendations for individual scientists, disciplinary associations, and research universities. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science will be of interest to university research administrators, team science leaders, science faculty, and graduate and postdoctoral students.
Download or read book Trends in Federal Support of Research and Graduate Education written by Committee on Trends in Federal Spending on Scientific and Engineering Research and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-13 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Board on Science, Technology and Economic Policy updated its 1999 analysis (Appendix A, Securing America's Industrial Strength, 1999) of changes since 1990 in the distribution of federal research funding by field of science and engineering) by incorporating FY 1998 and FY 1999 obligations from the NSF Federal Funds survey, with particular attention to the trends in basic research support, changes in research fields' relative dependence on research-sponsoring agencies, and the relationship between changes in research support and changes in enrollment in graduate training in selected fields of research. The Board did not recommend funding levels for any discipline but addressed procedural aspects of R&D budgeting.
Download or read book Federal Funding of Astronomical Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics (CAA), at its meeting on September 8, 1997, was briefed on the legislative report accompanying the bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1998 and 1999 for the National Science Foundation (NSF). The report raised a number of questions about trends in support for research in astronomy and the overall robustness of the programs providing that support. At its meeting, the CAA heard the views of NSF and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on these issues. In consultation with the Board on Physics and Astronomy, the Space Studies Board, and representatives of NASA and NSF, the committee accepted the task of studying three of the questions raised by the House Science Committee (HSC). It was intended that the results of the study would help guide federal support of basic research for the next decade and serve as analytical input to the new 2000 decadal survey of the Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee (AASC). The study would not offer specific funding recommendations, but rather would provide a background analysis of the alignment between available resources, agency priorities, and the vitality of the basic research program.
Download or read book Bridges to Independence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-07-26 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rising median age at which PhD's receive their first research grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is among the factors forcing academic biomedical researchers to spend longer periods of time before they can set their own research directions and establish there independence. The fear that promising prospective scientists will choose other career paths has raised concerns about the future of biomedical research in the United States. At the request of NIH, the National Academies conducted a study on ways to address these issues. The report recommends that NIH make fostering independence of biomedical researchers an agencywide goal, and that it take steps to provide postdocs and early-career investigators with more financial support for their own research, improve postdoc mentoring and establish programs for new investigators and staff scientists among other mechanisms.
Download or read book Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-11-22 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces a new challengeâ€"maintaining the vitality of its system for supporting science and technology despite fiscal stringency during the next several years. To address this change, the Senate Appropriations Committee requested a report from the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine to address "the criteria that should be used in judging the appropriate allocation of funds to research and development activities; to examine the appropriate balance among different types of institutions that conduct such research; and to look at the means of assuring continued objectivity in the allocation process." In this eagerly-awaited book, a committee of experts selected by the National Academies and the Institute responds with 13 recommendations that propose a new budgeting process and formulates a series of questions to address during that process. The committee also makes corollary recommendations about merit review, government oversight, linking research and development to government missions, the synergy between research and education, and other topics. The recommendations are aimed at rooting out obsolete and inadequate activities to free resources from good programs for even better ones, in the belief that "science and technology will be at least as important in the future as they have been in the past in dealing with problems that confront the nation." The authoring committee of this book was chaired by Frank Press, former President of the National Academy of Sciences (1981-1993) and Presidential Science and Technology Advisor (1977-1981).
Download or read book An Analysis of Federal R D Funding by Function written by National Science Foundation (U.S.). Division of Science Resources Studies and published by . This book was released on with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rising Above the Gathering Storm written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-03-08 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world where advanced knowledge is widespread and low-cost labor is readily available, U.S. advantages in the marketplace and in science and technology have begun to erode. A comprehensive and coordinated federal effort is urgently needed to bolster U.S. competitiveness and pre-eminence in these areas. This congressionally requested report by a pre-eminent committee makes four recommendations along with 20 implementation actions that federal policy-makers should take to create high-quality jobs and focus new science and technology efforts on meeting the nation's needs, especially in the area of clean, affordable energy: 1) Increase America's talent pool by vastly improving K-12 mathematics and science education; 2) Sustain and strengthen the nation's commitment to long-term basic research; 3) Develop, recruit, and retain top students, scientists, and engineers from both the U.S. and abroad; and 4) Ensure that the United States is the premier place in the world for innovation. Some actions will involve changing existing laws, while others will require financial support that would come from reallocating existing budgets or increasing them. Rising Above the Gathering Storm will be of great interest to federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, public decision makers, research sponsors, regulatory analysts, and scholars.
Download or read book Program Report National Science Foundation written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investing in the National Research Initiative written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Board on Agriculture (BA), in this self-initiated study, reaffirms recommendations it made for the U.S. Department of Agriculture supported competitive grants program in its 1989 report Investing in Research: A Proposal to Strengthen the Agricultural, Food, and Environmental System. Although the National Initiative for Research on Agriculture, Food, and Environment expanded following the BA's 1989 report, it has achieved neither the program breadth nor the $500 million annual funding level recommended. The book's discussion of competitively awarded grants as a mechanism to support high-quality research broadly related to agriculture, food, and natural resources dovetails with current efforts to craft the research component of the 1995 Farm Bill.
