Download or read book National Educational Standards and Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Raising Standards for American Education written by National Council on Education Standards and Testing (U.S.) and published by Department of Education. This book was released on 1992 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommendations by the National Council on Education Standards and Testing (NCEST) are provided concerning whether national standards and a system of assessments are desirable and feasible and how national standards and a system of assessments are to be developed and implemented. The NCEST found that the absence of explicit national standards keyed to world-class levels of performance severely hampers the ability to monitor the nation's progress toward the six national education goals. Without well-defined and demanding standards, American education has gravitated toward "de facto" national minimum expectations, with curricula focusing on low-level reading and arithmetic skills and on small amounts of factual material in other content areas. Most current assessment methods cannot determine if students are acquiring the skills/knowledge they need to prosper in the future. These assessments reinforce the emphasis on low-level skills and processing bits of data rather than on problem solving and critical thinking. It is concluded that high national education standards and a voluntary linked system of assessments are desirable and feasible mechanisms for raising expectations, revitalizing instruction, and rejuvenating education reform efforts for all American schools and students. The NCEST will work toward local commitment to high national expectation for achievement for all students, and toward developing Federal, state, and local policies that ensure high quality resources (instructional materials and well-prepared teachers). Acknowledgments; authorization for the NCEST; public comments; the six national education goals; and reports of the standards, assessment, implementation, English, mathematics, science, history, and geography task forces of the NCEST are appended. (RLC)
Download or read book Oversight Hearings on the Report of the National Council on Education Standards and Testing written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the House Committee on Education and Labor met to consider the recommendations of the National Council on Education Standards and Testing. The report recommends the establishment of national education standards, a national system of assessments, and the establishment of a reconfigured National Education Goals Panel and a national education standards and assessment council to coordinate the development of the standards and assessments. Testifying on behalf of the Council's recommendations were M. S. Smith (Stanford University) and (L. B. Resnick, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh and National Council on Education Standards and Testing). Opposition to the proposal for national testing was expressed by L. Darling-Hammond (National Center for Restructuring Education, Schools and Teaching, Columbia University). W. M. Haney (Center for the Study of Testing, Evaluation, and Educational Policy, Boston College) outlined a number of shortcomings in the Council report, largely in the area of national testing. Additional statements were offered by: (1) N. V. Cantu, Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Texas; (2) L. Rezmierski, superintendent of Northville schools, Michigan; (3) H. D. Hoover, Iowa Basic Skills Testing, Iowa; (4) M. J. Feuer, Office of Technology Assessment, accompanied by N. Carson, Office of Technology Assessment; (5) A. Shanker, American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO; (6) D. T. Kearns, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C.; (7) R. Romer, Governor of Colorado, Co-Chair National Council on Education Standards and Testing; (8) K. Geiger, National Education Association, National Council on Education Standards and Testing; (9) B. Rosenberg, American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO; (10) D. M. Koretz, Rand Corporation; and (11) M. H. Kean, Association of American Publishers and CTB Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. Prepared statements by these speakers and additional prepared statements and supplemental materials are provided. (SLD)
Download or read book The Power of Tests written by Elana (Professor Of Language Education Shohamy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language in Social Life is a major series which highlights the importance of language to an understanding of issues of social and professional concern. It will be of practical relevance to all those wanting to understand how the ways we communicate both influence and are influenced by the structures and forces of contemporary social institutions. In all modern societies individuals are subject to tests, whether to enter educational programs, to pass from one level to the next or to grant certificates to practice. Yet, tests are powerful tools which are often introduced in undemocratic and unethical ways as disciplinary tools for carrying out various policy agendas. Tests can be detrimental to people's lives as they are capable of affecting and defining the knowledge and behaviour of those who are being tested. The Power of Tests applies a critical perspective of language tests by examining their uses and consequences in education and society and by viewing tests not as isolated events but rather as embedded in social, educational and political contexts. The book is divided into four parts: the first part establishes the power of tests through echoing the voices of test takers, describing the features of the power of tests, and the temptations that tests offer to bureaucrats who use them for power and control. The second part reports on studies that provide empirical evidence about intentions and effects of a number of large scale language tests. The third part interprets the results by examining their consequences on education and society, arriving at a model of tests' use. The final section of the book offers strategies for controlling and minimising the misuses of tests by introducing the notion of Critical Language Testing which calls for the examination of the consequences and misuses of tests, monitoring of power and pointing to their unethical uses. It also provides a comprehensive discussion of the responsibilities of language testers, including a new Code of Ethics, as well as strategies for guarding and protecting the rights of test takers.
Download or read book Reflections on Educational Achievement written by Rainer H. Lehmann, Wilfried Bos, Thomas N.: Festschrift Postlethwaite and published by Waxmann Verlag. This book was released on with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The ERIC Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides information on programs, research, publications, and services of ERIC, as well as critical and current education information.
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Educating One and All written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-06-27 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the movement toward standards-based education, an important question stands out: How will this reform affect the 10% of school-aged children who have disabilities and thus qualify for special education? In Educating One and All, an expert committee addresses how to reconcile common learning for all students with individualized education for "one"â€"the unique student. The book makes recommendations to states and communities that have adopted standards-based reform and that seek policies and practices to make reform consistent with the requirements of special education. The committee explores the ideas, implementation issues, and legislative initiatives behind the tradition of special education for people with disabilities. It investigates the policy and practice implications of the current reform movement toward high educational standards for all students. Educating One and All examines the curricula and expected outcomes of standards-based education and the educational experience of students with disabilitiesâ€"and identifies points of alignment between the two areas. The volume documents the diverse population of students with disabilities and their school experiences. Because approaches to assessment and accountability are key to standards-based reforms, the committee analyzes how assessment systems currently address students with disabilities, including testing accommodations. The book addresses legal and resource implications, as well as parental participation in children's education.
Download or read book Why National Standards and Tests written by John F. Jennings and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The common view today is that state schools are not good enough, and that something must be done to make them better. Setting academic standards is one way to raise the educational achievment of students. Jennings gives readers a behind-the-scenes look at how congress and the Executive Branch have wrestled with this issue, and reviews the major debates about whether or not there should be testable national standards for all American schools.
Download or read book Resources in education written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-07 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Politics Persuasion and Educational Testing written by Lorraine M. McDonnell and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a story of reform and backlash, Lorraine McDonnell reveals the power and the dangers of policies based on appeals to voters' values. Exploring the political struggles inspired by mass educational tests, she analyzes the design and implementation of statewide testing in California, Kentucky, and North Carolina in the 1990s. Educational reformers and political elites sought to use test results to influence teachers, students, and the public by appealing to their values about what schools should teach and offering apparently objective evidence about whether the schools were succeeding. But mass testing mobilized parents who opposed and mistrusted the use of tests, and left educators trying to mediate between angry citizens and policies the educators may not have fully supported. In the end, some testing programs were significantly altered. Yet despite the risks inherent in relying on values to change what students are taught, these tests and the educational ideologies behind them have modified classroom practice. McDonnell draws lessons from these stories for the federal No Child Left Behind act, with its sweeping directives for high-stakes testing. To read this book is to witness the unfolding drama of America's educational culture wars, and to see hope for their resolution.
Download or read book Embedding Questions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-17 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy makers are caught between two powerful forces in relation to testing in America's schools. One is increased interest on the part of educators, reinforced by federal requirements, in developing tests that accurately reflect local educational standards and goals. The other is a strong push to gather information about the performance of students and schools relative to national and international standards and norms. The difficulty of achieving these two goals simultaneously is exacerbated by both the long-standing American tradition of local control of education and the growing public sentiment that students already take enough tests. Finding a solution to this dilemma has been the focus of numerous debates surrounding the Voluntary National Tests proposed by President Clinton in his 1997 State of the Union address. It was also the topic of a congressionally mandated 1998 National Research Council report (Uncommon Measures: Equivalence and Linkage Among Educational Tests), and was touched upon in a U.S. General Accounting Office report (Student Testing: Issues Related to Voluntary National Mathematics and Reading Tests). More recently, Congress asked the National Research Council to determine the technical feasibility, validity, and reliability of embedding test items from the National Assessment of Educational Progress or other tests in state and district assessments in 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics for the purpose of developing a valid measure of student achievement within states and districts and in terms of national performance standards or scales. This report is the response to that congressional mandate.
Download or read book National Standards in American Education written by Diane Ravitch and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updating her highly acclaimed book, Diane Ravitch presents the latest information on the debate over national standards and assessments. "Ensuring a rigorous liberal education for all is asking a lot in a contentious democracy like ours. Is it possible to educate every child to the same high standards? Is it politically feasible? Will raising standards help or hinder poor minority children? Ravitch sees where these land mines are buried and her book provides an indispensable diagram for getting around them."—The Wall Street Journal "A simple message lies at the heart of Diane Ravitch's new book.... If clear and consistent goals of learning could be set for all American children, rich and poor, gifted and ordinary, then all of these children would end up better educated than they now are likely to be."—The New York Times "No one could be more qualified to write a book about national standards in education than Diane Ravitch."—The Washington Times "The ongoing debate about national education standards and assessment in the U.S. has created as much confusion as it has solutions. What has been needed is an examination of the educational, historical, political, and social issues related to the development of such standards. Ravitch provides such a foundation."—Choice
Download or read book Assessing Accomplished Teaching written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-09-04 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mission of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) is to establish "high and rigorous standards for what teachers should know and be able to do, to certify teachers who meet those standards, and to advance other education reforms for the purpose of improving student learning in American schools." In response to a request from the U.S. Congress, the National Research Council developed a framework for evaluating programs that award advanced-level teacher certification and applied that framework in an evaluation of the impacts of the NBPTS. Specifically, this book addresses the impacts on students, teachers, and the educational system in this country. Assessing Accomplished Teaching finds that teachers who earn board certification are more effective at improving their students' achievement than other teachers, but school systems vary greatly in the extent to which they recognize and make use of board-certified teachers. Many of the questions on the evaluation framework could not be answered because the data have not been collected, and the report makes recommendations for the kinds of research that are needed to fully evaluate the impacts of board certification by the NBPTS.
Download or read book Technical Issues in Large scale Performance Assessment written by Gary W. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oversight Hearings on the Report of the National Council on Education Standards and Testing written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the House Committee on Education and Labor met to consider the recommendations of the National Council on Education Standards and Testing. The report recommends the establishment of national education standards, a national system of assessments, and the establishment of a reconfigured National Education Goals Panel and a national education standards and assessment council to coordinate the development of the standards and assessments. Testifying on behalf of the Council's recommendations were M. S. Smith (Stanford University) and (L. B. Resnick, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh and National Council on Education Standards and Testing). Opposition to the proposal for national testing was expressed by L. Darling-Hammond (National Center for Restructuring Education, Schools and Teaching, Columbia University). W. M. Haney (Center for the Study of Testing, Evaluation, and Educational Policy, Boston College) outlined a number of shortcomings in the Council report, largely in the area of national testing. Additional statements were offered by: (1) N. V. Cantu, Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Texas; (2) L. Rezmierski, superintendent of Northville schools, Michigan; (3) H. D. Hoover, Iowa Basic Skills Testing, Iowa; (4) M. J. Feuer, Office of Technology Assessment, accompanied by N. Carson, Office of Technology Assessment; (5) A. Shanker, American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO; (6) D. T. Kearns, U.S. Department of Education, Washington, D.C.; (7) R. Romer, Governor of Colorado, Co-Chair National Council on Education Standards and Testing; (8) K. Geiger, National Education Association, National Council on Education Standards and Testing; (9) B. Rosenberg, American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO; (10) D. M. Koretz, Rand Corporation; and (11) M. H. Kean, Association of American Publishers and CTB Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. Prepared statements by these speakers and additional prepared statements and supplemental materials are provided. (SLD)
Download or read book Uncommon Measures written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-30 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The issues surrounding the comparability of various tests used to assess performance in schools received broad public attention during congressional debate over the Voluntary National Tests proposed by President Clinton in his 1997 State of the Union Address. Proponents of Voluntary National Tests argue that there is no widely understood, challenging benchmark of individual student performance in 4th-grade reading and 8th-grade mathematics, thus the need for a new test. Opponents argue that a statistical linkage among tests already used by states and districts might provide the sort of comparability called for by the president's proposal. Public Law 105-78 requested that the National Research Council study whether an equivalency scale could be developed that would allow test scores from existing commercial tests and state assessments to be compared with each other and with the National Assessment of Education Progress. In this book, the committee reviewed research literature on the statistical and technical aspects of creating valid links between tests and how the content, use, and purposes of education testing in the United States influences the quality and meaning of those links. The book summarizes relevant prior linkage studies and presents a picture of the diversity of state testing programs. It also looks at the unique characteristics of the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Uncommon Measures provides an answer to the question posed by Congress in Public Law 105-78, suggests criteria for evaluating the quality of linkages, and calls for further research to determine the level of precision needed to make inferences about linked tests. In arriving at its conclusions, the committee acknowledged that ultimately policymakers and educators must take responsibility for determining the degree of imprecision they are willing to tolerate in testing and linking. This book provides science-based information with which to make those decisions.
