Download or read book Nanostructured Cobalt Oxide Clusters in Mesoporous Silica as Efficient Oxygen Evolving Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of integrated artificial photosynthetic systems for the direct conversion of carbon dioxide and water to fuel depends on the availability of efficient and robust catalysts for the chemical transformations. Catalysts need to exhibit turnover frequency (TOF) and density (hence size) commensurate with the solar flux at ground level (1000Wm2, airmass (AM) 1.5)[1]to avoid wasting of incidentsolar photons. For example, a catalyst with a TOF of 100 s1 requires a density of one catalytic site per square nanometer. Catalysts with lower rates or taking up a larger space will require a high-surface-area, nanostructured support that affords tens to hundreds of catalytic sites per square nanometer. Furthermore, catalysts need to operate close to the thermodynamic potential of the redox reaction so that amaximum fraction of the solar photon energy is converted to chemical energy. Stability considerations favor all-inorganic oxide materials, as does avoidance of harsh reaction conditions of pH value or temperature.

Download or read book Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology VII Volume 34 Issue 7 written by Sanjay Mathur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings Volume 34, Issue 7 - Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology VII A collection of 15 papers from The American Ceramic Society's 37th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, held in Daytona Beach, Florida, January 27-February 1, 2013. This issue includes papers presented in the 7th International Symposium on Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology (Symposium 7) and Nanomaterials for Sensing Applications symposia (Focused Session 3).

Download or read book Nanoporous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion written by Feng-Shou Xiao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive introduction to the design, synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties of nanoporous catalysts for the biomass conversion With the specter of peak oil demand looming on the horizon, and mounting concerns over the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions, biomass has taken on a prominent role as a sustainable alternative fuel source. One critical aspect of the biomass challenge is the development of novel catalytic materials for effective and controllable biomass conversion. Edited by two scientists recognized internationally for their pioneering work in the field, this book focuses on nanoporous catalysts, the most promising class of catalytic materials for the conversion of biomass into fuel and other products. Although various catalysts have been used in the conversion of biomass-derived feedstocks, nanoporous catalysts exhibit high catalytic activities and/or unique product selectivities due to their large surface area, open nanopores, and highly dispersed active sites. This book covers an array of nanoporous catalysts currently in use for biomass conversion, including resins, metal oxides, carbons, mesoporous silicates, polydivinylbenzene, and zeolites. The authors summarize the design, synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of these nanoporous catalysts for biomass conversions, discussing the features of these catalysts and considering future opportunities for developing more efficient catalysts. Topics covered include: Resins for biomass conversion Supported metal oxides/sulfides for biomass oxidation and hydrogenation Nanoporous metal oxides Ordered mesoporous silica-based catalysts Sulfonated carbon catalysts Porous polydivinylbenzene Aluminosilicate zeolites for bio-oil upgrading Rice straw Hydrogenation for sugar conversion Lignin depolymerization Timely, authoritative, and comprehensive, Nanoporous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion is a valuable working resource for academic researchers, industrial scientists and graduate students working in the fields of biomass conversion, catalysis, materials science, green and sustainable chemistry, and chemical/process engineering.

Download or read book Catalysis for Alternative Energy Generation written by László Guczi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-17 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the decrease of the available amount of fossil fuels necessitate finding new alternative and sustainable energy sources in the near future. This book summarizes the role and the possibilities of catalysis in the production of new energy carriers and in the utilization of different energy sources. The main goal of this work is to go beyond those results discussed in recent literature by identifying new developments that may lead to breakthroughs in the production of alternative energy. The book discusses the use of biomass or biomass derived materials as energy sources, hydrogen formation in methanol and ethanol reforming, biodiesel production, and the utilization of biogases. Separate sections also deal with fuel cells, photocatalysis, and solar cells, which are all promising processes for energy production that depend heavily on catalysts.

Download or read book Testing Novel Water Oxidation Catalysts for Solar Fuels Production written by Carminna Ottone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive information on the main techniques for measuring water-oxidation-catalyst (WOC) performance, with a particular focus on the combined use of sacrificial oxidants and dyes within closed-batch reactors. It provides an overview of the latest advances in the synthesis of more efficient WOCs, followed by an analysis of the requirements for sustainable energy production. Readers will find a detailed description of the reaction mechanism used in catalyst assessment systems, which reveals the benefits and limitations of the most common sacrificial oxidant/dye pair. Experimental techniques including electrochemical methods for characterizing novel and non-photoactive WOCs are also described. Throughout the book, various manganese oxides are used as examples of the techniques reviewed or proposed systems. Cost considerations and technological perspectives of the scale-up of solar-driven hydrogen production are also addressed. Lastly, the book presents lessons learned from the implementation of a large-scale real-world device.

Download or read book Iron and Cobalt Catalysts written by Wilson D. Shafer and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the turn of the last century when the field of catalysis was born, iron and cobalt have been key players in numerous catalysis processes. These metals, due to their ability to activate CO and CH, haev a major economic impact worldwide. Several industrial processes and synthetic routes use these metals: biomass-to-liquids (BTL), coal-to-liquids (CTL), natural gas-to-liquids (GTL), water-gas-shift, alcohol synthesis, alcohol steam reforming, polymerization processes, cross-coupling reactions, and photocatalyst activated reactions. A vast number of materials are produced from these processes, including oil, lubricants, waxes, diesel and jet fuels, hydrogen (e.g., fuel cell applications), gasoline, rubbers, plastics, alcohols, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, feed-stock chemicals, and other alternative materials. However, given the true complexities of the variables involved in these processes, many key mechanistic issues are still not fully defined or understood. This Special Issue of Catalysis will be a collaborative effort to combine current catalysis research on these metals from experimental and theoretical perspectives on both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. We welcome contributions from the catalysis community on catalyst characterization, kinetics, reaction mechanism, reactor development, theoretical modeling, and surface science.

Download or read book Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production written by Roel van de Krol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-09 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production describes the principles and materials challenges for the conversion of sunlight into hydrogen through water splitting at a semiconducting electrode. Readers will find an analysis of the solid state properties and materials requirements for semiconducting photo-electrodes, a detailed description of the semiconductor/electrolyte interface, in addition to the photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell. Experimental techniques to investigate both materials and PEC device performance are outlined, followed by an overview of the current state-of-the-art in PEC materials and devices, and combinatorial approaches towards the development of new materials. Finally, the economic and business perspectives of PEC devices are discussed, and promising future directions indicated. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production is a one-stop resource for scientists, students and R&D practitioners starting in this field, providing both the theoretical background as well as useful practical information on photoelectrochemical measurement techniques. Experts in the field benefit from the chapters on current state-of-the-art materials/devices and future directions.

Download or read book Controlled Nanofabrication written by Liu Ru-Shi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-17 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the size and the shape of materials are reduced to the nanoscale dimension, their physical and chemical properties can change dramatically. This book demonstrates the controlled size and shape of nanostructured materials and their applications. The applications cover photocatalysts, biomedicals, nanomaterials, fuel cells and supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, light-emitting diodes, and field emission display. This book may be the first to clearly point out the relationship between the size and the structure of the materials, which strongly affects their properties. Understanding these control parameters has important technological implications for energy conversion and storage, biotechnology, lighting and display, and so forth.

Download or read book Nanomaterials in Catalysis written by Philippe Serp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-15 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocatalysis has emerged as a field at the interface between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and offers unique solutions to the demanding requirements for catalyst improvement. Heterogeneous catalysis represents one of the oldest commercial applications of nanoscience and nanoparticles of metals, semiconductors, oxides, and other compounds have been widely used for important chemical reactions. The main focus of this fi eld is the development of well-defined catalysts, which may include both metal nanoparticles and a nanomaterial as the support. These nanocatalysts should display the benefits of both homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts, such as high efficiency and selectivity, stability and easy recovery/recycling. The concept of nanocatalysis is outlined in this book and, in particular, it provides a comprehensive overview of the science of colloidal nanoparticles. A broad range of topics, from the fundamentals to applications in catalysis, are covered, without excluding micelles, nanoparticles in ionic liquids, dendrimers, nanotubes, and nanooxides, as well as modeling, and the characterization of nanocatalysts, making it an indispensable reference for both researchers at universities and professionals in industry.

Download or read book Chemical Energy Storage written by Robert Schlögl and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy – in the headlines, discussed controversially, vital. The use of regenerative energy in many primary forms leads to the necessity to store grid dimensions for maintaining continuous supply and enabling the replacement of fossil fuel systems. Chemical energy storage is one of the possibilities besides mechano-thermal and biological systems. This work starts with the more general aspects of chemical energy storage in the context of the geosphere and evolves to dealing with aspects of electrochemistry, catalysis, synthesis of catalysts, functional analysis of catalytic processes and with the interface between electrochemistry and heterogeneous catalysis. Top-notch experts provide a sound, practical, hands-on insight into the present status of energy conversion aimed primarily at the young emerging research front.

Download or read book CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology Third Edition Two Volume Set written by Axel Griesbeck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 1607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only combined organic photochemistry and photobiology handbookAs spectroscopic, synthetic and biological tools become more and more sophisticated, photochemistry and photobiology are merging-making interdisciplinary research essential. Following in the footsteps of its bestselling predecessors, the CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Pho

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environmental Remediation written by Mu. Naushad and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-14 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructured materials, especially, 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures, and their engineered architectures are being increasingly used due to their potential to achieve sustainable development in energy and environmental sectors, providing a solution to a range of global challenges. A huge amount of research has been devoted in the recent past on the fine-tuning of nano-architecutres to accomplish innovations in energy storage and conversions, i.e., batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and electrochromic devices, bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER, gas to fuels, liquid to fuels, and photocatalysts, corrosion, electrochemical sensors, and pollution and contaminants removal. Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environmental Remediation describes the fundamental aspects of a diverse range of nanomaterials for the sustainable development in energy and environmental remediation in a comprehensive manner. Experimental studies of varies nanomaterials will be discussed along with their design and applications, with specific attention to various chemical reactions involving and their challenges for catalysis, energy storage and conversion systems, and removal of pollutants are addressed. This book will also emphasise the challenges with past developments and direction for further research, details pertaining to the current ground - breaking technology and future perspective with multidisciplinary approach on energy, nanobiotechnology and environmental science Summarizes the latest advances in how nanotechnology is being used in energy and environmental science Outlines the major challenges to using nanomaterials for creating new products and devices in the sustainable energy and environmental sectors Helps materials scientists and engineers make selection and design decisions regarding which nanomaterial to use when creating new produts and evices for energy and environmental applications

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Catalysis written by Kenneth I. Ozoemena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global experts provide an authoritative source of information on the use of electrochemical fuel cells, and in particular discuss the use of nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing energy systems. The book covers the state of the art in the design, preparation, and engineering of nanoscale functional materials as effective catalysts for fuel cell chemistry, highlights recent progress in electrocatalysis at both fuel cell anode and cathode, and details perspectives and challenges in future research.

Download or read book Advanced Materials for Electrochemical Devices written by Hao Huang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Materials for Electrochemical Devices discusses the electrochemical basis and application research of various advanced materials of electrochemical devices in the most fundamental perspectives of thermodynamic properties and dynamic behaviors starting from the perspective of material preparation methods. More importantly, the latest scientific research results for each kind of advanced material are also combined to further understand the nature of the materials. Finally, the prediction and evaluation of battery performances as well as the application technologies of various devices are summarized. This book is divided into four parts to comprehensively and systematically describe the related contents of energy storage materials: Preparation and Electrochemical Fundamentals of Energy Storage Materials (Part I), Electrode Materials of Electrochemical Devices (Part II), Electrolyte and Separator Materials of Electrochemical Devices (Part III), Performance Prediction and Application Technology of Electrochemical Devices (Part IV). Includes high academic level, wide coverage that is timeless Effectively promotes the development of high-performance devices and industries Provides beginners with the basic knowledge of materials science and electrochemistry, showing them the necessary experimental means for material preparation Serves as a handbook for energy storage material researchers to provide them with appropriate theoretical support and details

Download or read book X ray Scattering written by Alicia Esther Ares and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-01-25 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray scattering techniques are a family of nondestructive analytical techniques. Using these techniques, scientists obtain information about the crystal structure and chemical and physical properties of materials. Nowadays, different techniques are based on observing the scattered intensity of an X-ray beam hitting a sample as a function of incident and scattered angle, polarization, and wavelength. This book is intended to give overviews of the relevant X-ray scattering techniques, particularly about inelastic X-ray scattering, elastic scattering, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and high-resolution X-ray diffraction, and, finally, applications of X-ray spectroscopy to study different biological systems.

Download or read book Human Awareness Energy and Environmental Attitudes written by Boris Aberšek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book raises awareness about environmental issues that result from energy production, extraction and conversion, and examines the attitudes people have about these issues. It discusses societal and educational relations associated with energy and environmental issues, focusing on philosophical, sociological and psychological views, and provides an analysis of how the individual and the society perceive, process and analyze the information on this subject. The authors present the concept of environmentally conscious engineering, discussing various forms of energy extraction and production, and detail alternative, under-researched and unaffordable solutions, such as nuclear fusion and artificial photosynthesis. The book also touches on topics such as the storage of energy and greenhouse gases, recycling and reuse of energy waste, and energy saving and efficiency. The book will be of interest to students and researchers of environmentally conscious engineering, energy use, and human dimensions of ecology and the environment, as well as NGOs, policy makers, and environmental activists.

Download or read book Organometallics and Related Molecules for Energy Conversion written by Wai-Yeung Wong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a critical perspective of the applications of organometallic compounds (including those with metal or metalloid elements) and other related metal complexes as versatile functional materials in the transformation of light into electricity (solar energy conversion) and electricity into light (light generation in light emitting diode), in the reduction of carbon dioxide to useful chemicals, as well as in the safe and efficient production and utilization of hydrogen, which serves as an energy storage medium (i.e. energy carrier). This book focuses on recent research developments in these emerging areas, with an emphasis on fundamental concepts and current applications of functional organometallic complexes and related metal-based molecules for energy research. With contributions from front-line researchers in the field from academia and industry, this timely book provides a valuable contribution to the scientific community in the field of energy science related to metal-based molecular materials. Wai-Yeung Wong, PhD, is Chair Professor and Head of the Department of Chemistry at Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P. R. China.