Download or read book Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles for Environmental Restoration written by Tanapon Phenrat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first complete edited volume devoted to providing comprehensive and state-of-the art descriptions of science principles and pilot- and field-scaled engineering applications of nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVI) for soil and groundwater remediation. Although several books on environmental nanotechnology contain chapters of NZVI for environmental remediation (Wiesner and Bottero (2007); Geiger and Carvalho-Knighton (2009); Diallo et al. (2009); Ram et al. (2011)), none of them include a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental and applied aspects of NZVI applications. Most devote a chapter or two discussing a contemporary aspect of NZVI. In addition, environmental nanotechnology has a broad audience including environmental engineers and scientists, geochemists, material scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, ecologists and toxicologists. None of the current books contain enough background material for such multidisciplinary readers, making it difficult for a graduate student or even an experienced researcher or environmental remediation practitioner new to nanotechnology to catch up with the massive, undigested literature. This prohibits the reader from gaining a complete understanding of NZVI science and technology. In this volume, the sixteen chapters are based on more than two decades of laboratory research and development and field-scaled demonstrations of NZVI implementation. The authors of each chapter are leading researchers and/or practitioners in NZVI technology. This book aims to be an important resource for all levels of audiences, i.e. graduate students, experienced environmental and nanotechnology researchers, and practitioners evaluating environmental remediation, as it is designed to involve everything from basic to advanced concepts.

Download or read book Aggregation and Transport of Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles in Model Groundwater Systems written by Mohan Basnet and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles are promising engineered nanomaterials for the in situ remediation of various environmental contaminants into innocuous products. In field applications, direct injection of NZVI into the subsurface has been suggested as a promising technique for achieving rapid remediation. However, challenges have been encountered in field application that includes passivation, aggregation and limited transport. Therefore, the success of site remediation using NZVI depends on the progress made to increase nanoparticle reactivity, reduce aggregation and improve mobility. The overall objective of this research was to evaluate the aggregation and transport behavior of NZVI particles in environmentally relevant model groundwater environments. Palladium-doped NZVI (Pd-NZVI) was chosen to ensure heightened reactivity towards the contaminants to address the passivation problem whereas particle surface-modification with stabilizing polymers was investigated to reduce particle aggregation and concurrently improve transport. In this study, rhamnolipid biosurfactant was proposed for the first time as a novel stabilizing surface-modifier and its efficacy was compared with previously proposed surface-modifiers (carboxymethylcellulose and soy protein). By monitoring changes in particle hydrodynamic diameter as a function of time using dynamic light scattering followed by a systematic assessment of transport behavior in sand packed columns, it is shown that while bare Pd-NZVI is prone to rapid aggregation surface-modified Pd-NZVI exhibited good colloidal stability and improved transport at low ionic strengths (10 mM). In particular, rhamnolipid significantly enhanced transport even at much lower concentrations than the other surface modifiers (10 mg/L compared to 100 mg/L). However, an increase in solution ionic strength influenced both aggregation and transport behavior. Nonetheless, at the highest ionic strength tested, the transport of rhamnolipid-coated Pd-NZVI was significantly higher than that of Pd-NZVI coated with other surface modifiers suggesting that rhamnolipid is most suitable in field application.The transport potential of surface-modified Pd-NZVI was further examined in granular matrices of varied complexities: in quartz sand, in loamy sand and clay-amended quartz sand over a wide range of environmentally relevant ionic strengths. Data suggests that collector geochemical composition and heterogeneity can dramatically alter Pd-NZVI transport potential; markedly reduced transport potential was observed in loamy sand than in quartz sand.Given that microbes and biofilms are ubiquitous in the subsurface environment, the role of biofilm on Pd-NZVI transport was investigated by using biofilm-coated quartz sand to pack transport columns. Transport results showed heightened Pd-NZVI retention in the presence of biofilms suggesting that biofilms may act as a collector surface for nanoparticle retention in the groundwater environment. A viability assay suggests that the retained Pd-NZVI is non-toxic to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells in biofilms. However, some inhibitory effect was observed to planktonic bacterial cells. Finally, considering the cost associated with the use of Pd, an alternative reactive nanoparticle, sulfidated NZVI (S-NZVI), was also studied whereby the aggregation and transport behavior of S-NZVI was systematically investigated in a wide range of environmentally relevant water chemistries. Data suggests that sulfidation can influence NZVI surface electrokinetic properties, and thus its stability and transport in granular matrices.Overall, this study makes a major impact in the field of environmental remediation as it addresses key aspects of nanotechnology-enabled site remediation, particularly aspects pertaining to nanoparticle surface coating, collector grain physical, geochemical and biological heterogeneity, and groundwater chemistry." --

Download or read book Norman Dello Joio Collection written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection contains clipping, photograph, program and publicity file.

Download or read book Surface Functionalization of Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles for Trichloroethene Degradation written by Sourjya Bhattacharjee and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis investigates the applicability of surface functionalization techniques for nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles for improving the degradation of a toxic, common groundwater contaminant, trichloroethene (TCE). Although NZVI has emerged as a promising environmental remediation agent in the past decade and has the potential to transform a number of chlorinated organic pollutants to non-toxic end products, factors such as loss of electrons to reactions with water, formation of passivating oxide layers on NZVI surface and aggregation of NZVI to micron-sized particles pose significant challenges in the application of NZVI for TCE remediation. This research investigated techniques for the modification of NZVI surface with secondary metals (e.g. palladium), inorganic ions (e.g. sulfide), polyelectrolytes and surfactants (e.g. carboxymethylcellulose and rhamnolipid), and solid supports (e.g. activated carbon) to enhance reactivity through mitigation of the challenges mentioned above. The research was aimed at assessing the increases in reactivity, and also characterizing the fundamental physico-chemical processes that were responsible for the changes in reactivity. It was observed that organic macromolecules such as rhamnolipid (M.W. 600 g mol-1) sorbed on NZVI and prevented the deposition of rate enhancing surface dopants namely, palladium and sulfide, and inhibited TCE degradation. Conversely larger molecules such as carboxymethylcellulose (M.W. 700000 g mol-1) and humic acids bound to NZVI hindered deposition of the surface dopants to a lesser extent. Powdered activated carbon when used as a support for embedding NZVI was observed to significantly enhance the TCE degradation rate, however the method adopted for deposition of NZVI critically affected the rate enhancements because of changes in structural properties of activated carbon. Lastly, a phase transfer approach was developed to degrade the solvent (oil) phase of TCE using a rhamnolipid coated Pd-NZVI. This approach enabled 50% higher degradation of TCE solvent compared to a system where phase transfer was not employed." --

Download or read book Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation written by Sung Hee Joo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-18 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the suitability of nanoscale zero-valent iron (ZVI) for degradation of agrochemicals. This book identifies by-products produced from the ZVI-mediated degradation process of particular contaminants, and explains the reaction mechanism by which ZVI degrades a chosen contaminant.

Download or read book Iron Nanomaterials for Water and Soil Treatment written by Marta I. Litter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology has a great potential for providing efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable solutions to face the increasing requirements on quality and quantity of fresh water for industrial, agricultural, or human use. Iron nanomaterials, either zerovalent iron (nZVI) or iron oxides (nFeOx), present key physicochemical properties that make them particularly attractive as contaminant removal agents for water and soil cleaning. The large surface area of these nanoparticles imparts high sorption capacity to them, along with the ability to be functionalized for the enhancement of their affinity and selectivity. However, one of the most important properties is the outstanding capacity to act as redox-active materials, transforming the pollutants to less noxious chemical species by either oxidation or reduction, such as reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and dehalogenation of hydrocarbons. This book focuses on the methods of preparation of iron nanomaterials that can carry out contaminant removal processes and the use of these nanoparticles for cleaning waters and soils. It carefully explains the different aspects of the synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles and methods to evaluate their ability to remove contaminants, along with practical deployment. It overviews the advantages and disadvantages of using iron-based nanomaterials and presents a vision for the future of this nanotechnology. While this is an easy-to-understand book for beginners, it provides the latest updates to experts of this field. It also opens a multidisciplinary scope for engineers, scientists, and undergraduate and postgraduate students. Although there are a number of books published on the subject of nanomaterials, not too many of them are especially devoted to iron materials, which are rather of low cost, are nontoxic, and can be prepared easily and envisaged to be used in a large variety of applications. The literature has scarce reviews on preparation of iron nanoparticles from natural sources and lacks emphasis on the different processes, such as adsorption, redox pathways, and ionic exchange, taking place in the removal of different pollutants. Reports and mechanisms on soil treatment are not commonly found in the literature. This book opens a multidisciplinary scope for engineers and scientists and also for undergraduate or postgraduate students.

Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Sughosh Madhav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains both practical and theoretical aspects of groundwater resources relating to geochemistry. Focusing on recent research in groundwater resources, this book helps readers to understand the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater resources. Dealing primarily with the sources of ions in groundwater, the book describes geogenic and anthropogenic input of ions into water. Different organic, inorganic and emerging contamination and salinity problems are described, along with pollution-related issues affecting groundwater. New trends in groundwater contamination remediation measures are included, which will be particularly useful to researchers working in the field of water conservation. The book also contains diverse groundwater modelling examples, enabling a better understanding of water-related issues and their management. Groundwater Geochemistry: Pollution and Remediation offers the reader: An understanding of the quantitative and qualitative challenges of groundwater resources An introduction to the environmental geochemistry of groundwater resources A survey of groundwater pollution-related issues Recent trends in groundwater conservation and remediation Mathematical and statistical modeling related to groundwater resources Students, lecturers and researchers working in the fields of hydrogeochemistry, water pollution and groundwater will find Groundwater Geochemistry an essential companion.

Download or read book Advanced Nano Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment written by Jan Filip and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-17 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are proposing this comprehensive volume aimed at bridging and bonding of the theory and practical experiences for the elimination of a broad range of pollutants from various types of water and soil utilizing innovative nanotechnologies, biotechnologies and their possible combinations. Nowadays, a broad range of contaminants are emerging from the industry (and also representing old ecological burdens). Accidents and improper wastewater treatment requires a fast, efficient and cost-effective approach. Therefore, several innovative technologies of water and soil treatments have been invented and suggested in a number of published papers. Out of these, some nanotechnologies and biotechnologies (and possibly also their mutual combinations) turned out to be promising for practical utilization – i.e., based on both extensive laboratory testing and pilot-scale verification. With respect to the diverse character of targeted pollutants, the key technologies covered in this book will include oxidation, reduction, sorption and/or biological degradation. In relation to innovative technologies and new emerging pollutants mentioned in this proposed book, an important part will also cover the ecotoxicity of selected pollutants and novel nanomaterials used for remediation. Thus, this work will consist of 8 sections/chapters with a technical appendix as an important part of the book, where some technical details and standardized protocols will be clearly presented for their possible implementation at different contaminated sites. Although many previously published papers and books (or book chapters) are devoted to some aspects of nano-/biotechnologies, here we will bring a first complete and comprehensive treatise on the latest progress in innovative technologies with a clear demonstration of the applicability of particular methods based on results of the authors from pilot tests (i.e., based on the data collected within several applied projects, mainly national project “Environmentally friendly nanotechnologies and biotechnologies in water and soil treatment” of the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic, and 7FP project NANOREM: “Taking Nanotechnological Remediation Processes from Lab Scale to End User Applications for the Restoration of a Clean Environment”). This multidisciplinary book will be suitable for a broad audience including environmental scientists, practitioners, policymakers and toxicologists (and of course graduate students of diverse fields – material science, chemistry, biology, geology, hydrogeology, engineering etc.).

Download or read book Design of Materials and Technologies for Environmental Remediation written by Shunitz Tanaka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes environmental remediation technologies to remove pollutants from the environment and the environmental materials used for remediation. The focus is on the functional design of environmental materials, especially to create materials for coping with a variety of pollutants in different concentrations and conditions. The authors present research highlights from their work in this area and aim to inspire the development of new concepts in environmental remediation. This work is a must-read for practitioners who are exploring restoration technologies and materials for solving environmental pollution as well as researchers and graduate students studying environmental remediation. A number of Asian researchers who have been engaged in these studies are among the authors, and this book will contribute to solving pollution problems in Asia as well as the rest of the world.

Download or read book Industrial Applications written by Rajender S. Varma and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-05-09 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic nanocatalysts are an important tool for greener catalytic processes due to the ease of their removal from a reaction medium. This book explores different magnetic nanocatalysts, their use in industrial applications, and their recyclability. Topics covered include wastewater treatment, drug delivery, and industrial catalysis.

Download or read book Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications written by Mohamed Abou El-Fetouh Barakat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive review of the latest advances in nanomaterials-based technologies for the treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater. It describes the latest developments in the synthesis protocols, including the synthesis of different kinds of nanostructure materials using various physical and chemical methods. Features Discusses the synthesis and characterization of important nanomaterials such as carbon nanostructures, metal and metal oxide nanostructures, polymer nanostructures, and smart 1D-–3D nanomaterials Presents the latest techniques used in the characterization of nanomaterials Covers environmental applications including the remediation of pollutants in wastewater and water purification and disinfection Examines the sources, fate, transport, and ecotoxicology of nanomaterials in the environment. Aimed at researchers and industry professionals, this work will be of interest to chemical, environmental, and materials engineers concerned with the application of advanced materials for environmental and water remediation. Mohamed Abou El-Fetouh Barakat is a Professor of Environmental Sciences at both King Abdulaziz University (KAU)- Saudi Arabia, and Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI)- Egypt. He is highly qualified in the fields of industrial waste management and pollution control as well as catalysis and nanotechnology. His experience includes academic research works in Japan, Germany, the United States and Saudi Arabia, as well as initiating and leading industrial research projects in Egypt jointly with the United States. Rajeev Kumar is an Associate Professor in the Environmental Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. His research activities are in the areas of wastewater treatment and materials science. He studies the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials for the removal of contaminants from wastewater.

Download or read book Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies written by Yong Sik Ok and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers various soil and water treatment technologies due to increasing global soil and water pollution. In many countries, the management of contaminated land has matured, and it is developing in many others. Topics covered include chemical and ecological risk assessment of contaminated sites; phytomanagement of contaminants; arsenic removal; selection and technology diffusion; technologies and socio-environmental management; post-remediation long-term management; soil and groundwater laws and regulations; and trace element regulation limits in soil. Future prospects of soil and groundwater remediation are critically discussed in this book. Hence, readers will learn to understand the future prospects of soil and groundwater contaminants and remediation measures. Key Features: Discusses conventional and novel aspects of soil and groundwater remediation technologies Includes new monitoring/sensing technologies for soil and groundwater pollution Features a case study of remediation of contaminated sites in the old, industrial, Ruhr area in Germany Highlights soil washing, soil flushing, and stabilization/solidification Presents information on emerging contaminants that exhibit new challenges This book is designed for undergraduate and graduate courses and can be used as a handbook for researchers, policy makers, and local governmental institutes. Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies: A Practical Guide is written by a team of leading global experts in the field.

Download or read book Surface Modified Nanomaterials for Applications in Catalysis written by Manoj B. Gawande and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-05-22 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Modified Nanomaterials for Applications in Catalysis: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications provides an overview of the different state-of-the-art surface modification methods of nanomaterials and their commercial applications. The main objective of this book is to comprehensively cover the modification of nanomaterial and their fabrication, including different techniques and discussions of present and emerging commercial applications. The book addresses fundamental chemistry concepts as applied to the modification of nanomaterials for applications in energy, catalysis, water remediation, sensors, and more. Characterization and fabrication methodologies are reviewed, along with the challenges of up-scaling of processes for commercial applications. This book is suitable for academics and practitioners working in materials science, engineering, nanotechnology, green chemistry and chemical engineering. Provides an overview of the basic principles of surface modification of nanomaterials Reviews useful fabrication and characterization methodologies for key applications Addresses surface modified nanomaterials for applications in catalysis, energy, sensor, environment, and more

Download or read book Environmental Applications of Nanomaterials written by Annelise Kopp Alves and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-05 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains an overview of novel synthesis, characterization, and applications of nanomaterials. Based on an extensive state-of-the-art literature survey and the results obtained by researchers during the past years, this book presents techniques and special applications of classical and modern nanomaterials focus on environmental remediation and preservation. It summarizes up-to-date synthesis and characterization of diverse materials applied to the modern environment concerns such as zero-valent iron soil remediation, photochromic materials for water treatment, carbon nanotubes for gas sensing, photocatalysis, among others. This book is aimed at students, researchers, and engineers who seek general scientific knowledge about nanomaterials with an application-oriented approach.

Download or read book Management of Contaminants of Emerging Concern CEC in Environment written by Pardeep Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) in Environment provides information about new concepts and latest developments in origin, reaction pathways, transportation, transformation products, identification, and adverse effects of CEC, as well as recent remediation technologies and tools for CEC. The book explores processes such as nanotechnology for the degradation of CEC by using various heterogeneous catalysts. The chapters incorporate both theoretical and practical aspects and can serve as a baseline for future studies. So, Management of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) in Environment is an indispensable resource for university students, teachers, and researchers, especially those working in the area of remediation and management of contaminants of emerging concern. Takes a holistic approach, focusing on the origin of contaminants, type of contaminants, remediation technologies, regulations and legal aspects Applies chemical, physical and biological processes for the treatment of emerging contaminants Written by a team of internationally reputed and rising researchers

Download or read book Nanotechnology for Sustainable Development written by Mamadou S. Diallo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is facing great challenges in meeting rising demands for basic commodities (e.g., food, water, and energy), finished goods (e.g., cell phones, cars and airplanes) and services (e.g., shelter, healthcare and employment) while reducing and minimizing the impact of human activities on Earth's global environment and climate. Nanotechnology has emerged as a versatile platform that could provide efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable solutions to the global sustainability challenges facing society. This volume is devoted to the utilization of nanotechnology to improve or achieve sustainable development. Recent advances are highlighted and opportunities of utilizing nanotechnology to address global challenges in water purification, clean energy, greenhouse gas management, materials supply/utilization and manufacturing are discussed. Also, societal perspectives are addressed and an outlook of the role of nanotechnology in the convergence of knowledge, technology and society for achieving sustainable development is provided. This book offers a thematic collection of papers previously published in the Journal of Nanoparticle Research.

Download or read book Environmental Applications of Nanoscale and Microscale Reactive Metal Particles written by Cherie Geiger and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2010-04-08 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Applications of Nanoscale and Microscale Reactive Metal Particles takes the reader from current laboratory studies in the function and use of these particles through scale-up and finally to the state-of-the-science in field-scale demonstrations and applications.