Download or read book Mutations in the Bacillus Subtilis TRNA Gene LeuG Affect the Transcriptional Regulation of the Ilv leu Biosynthetic Operon written by David Bartholomew Garrity and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Transcription by Nusa And Nusg in Bacillus Subtilis written by Smarajit Mondal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcription in bacteria is regulated at the level of initiation, elongation and termination. Although the regulation of transcriptional initiation is well studied, the regulation of elongation and termination are not well understood. This thesis focuses on understanding the role of NusA on intrinsic termination and the role of NusG on RNA polymerase pausing using genomic, biochemical and computational analyses. Tight regulation of transcription termination is required to maintain proper levels of gene expression in bacteria, because termination failure abolishes operon boundaries, leading to misregulation of downstream genes. NusA is a negative transcription elongation factor that was known to cause a slight stimulation of termination at intrinsic terminators in vitro, but its impact on termination and global gene expression in vivo was not known. In this thesis, I describe the mapping of intrinsic terminators genome wide in B subtilis and measure the effect of NusA on the efficiency of these terminators in vivo using a novel high resolution 3' end-mapping technique coupled with mRNA profiling. Based on these studies, I report the existence of a subclass of previously unidentified pseudo-intrinsic terminators that are dependent on NusA for termination. Sequence comparison of different terminators reveals that weak hairpins and/or distal U-tract interruptions favors NusA-dependent termination, supporting a model in which NusA assists hairpin folding and slows down RNA polymerase near the termination window. These studies also revealed that readthrough of NusA-dependent terminators increases transcription of genes related to replication and DNA metabolism, suggesting a role of NusA in maintaining genome stability. I further show that nusA is autoregulated by a transcription attenuation mechanism that does not rely on antiterminator structures to prevent termination. Instead, NusA-stimulated termination in its 5'UTR dictates the extent of transcription into the operon. Another major focus of this thesis is to understand the regulation of transcription elongation by NusG-stimulated pausing of RNA polymerase. NusG is a positive elongation factor in E. coli that accelerates transcription by reducing the dwell time of RNA polymerase at pause sites. In B. subtilis, NusG stimulates pausing at positions U107 and U144 in the trp-leader transcript. NusG-stimulated pausing at U144 requires a short sequence in the non-template DNA strand and participates in the TRAP-dependent translation repression mechanism. In this thesis, I report the characterization of the NusG-stimulated U107 pause signal and show that disruption of the NusG recognition motif dramatically reduces pausing. These results suggest a mechanism in which RNA polymerase pausing at this site participates in the transcription attenuation mechanism by increasing additional time for TRAP binding to the nascent transcript.
Download or read book Bacterial Physiology written by Walid El-Sharoud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-07 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of new molecular methodologies in the study of bacterial behavior and cell architecture has enabled new revolutionary insights and discoveries in these areas. This new text presents recent developments in bacterial physiology that are highly relevant to a wide range of readership including those interested in basic and applied knowledge. Its chapters are written by international scientific authorities at the forefront of the subject. The value of this recent knowledge in bacterial physiology is not only restricted to fundamental biology. It also extends to biotechnology and drug-discovery disciplines.
Download or read book Game Changer Next Generation Sequencing and Its Impact on Food Microbiology written by Jennifer Ronholm and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS) are revolutionizing the field of food microbiology. Microbial whole genome sequencing (WGS) can provide identification, characterization, and subtyping of pathogens for epidemiological investigations at a level of precision previously not possible. This allows for connections and source attribution to be inferred between related isolates that may be overlooked by traditional techniques. The archiving and global sharing of genome sequences allow for retrospective analysis of virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance markers, mobile genetic elements and other novel genes. The advent of high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, in combination with the advantages offered by massively parallel second-generation sequencing for metagenomics, enable intensive studies on the microbiomes of food products and the impact of foods on the human microbiome. These studies may one day lead to the development of reliable culture-independent methods for food monitoring and surveillance. Similarly, RNA-seq has provided insights into the transcriptomes and hence the behaviour of bacterial pathogens in food, food processing environments, and in interaction with the host at a resolution previously not achieved through the use of microarrays and/or RT-PCR. The vast un-tapped potential applications of NGS along with its rapidly declining costs, give this technology the ability to contribute significantly to consumer protection, global trade facilitation, and increased food safety and security. Despite the rapid advances, challenges remain. How will NGS data be incorporated into our existing global food safety infrastructure? How will massive NGS data be stored and shared globally? What bioinformatics solutions will be used to analyse and optimise these large data sets? This Research Topic discusses recent advances in the field of food microbiology made possible through the use of NGS.
Download or read book Dictionary of Medical Acronyms and Abbreviations written by Stanley Jablonski and published by Hanley & Belfus. This book was released on 2004-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dictionary lists acronyms and abbreviations occurring with a reasonable frequency in the literature of medicine and the health care professions. Abbreviations and acronyms are given in capital letters, with no punctuation, and with concise definitions. The beginning sections also include symbols, genetic symbols, and the Greek alphabet and symbols.
Download or read book Peptide Analysis Protocols written by Ben M. Dunn and published by Humana. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the technology base for the preparation of increasingly c- plex peptides has improved, the methods for their purification and ana- sis have also been improved and supplemented. Peptide science routinely utilizes tools and techniques that are common to organic chemistry, p- tein chemistry, biophysical chemistry, enzymology, pharmacology, and molecular biology. A fundamental understanding of each of these areas is essential for interpreting all of the data that a peptide scientist may see. The purpose of Peptide Analysis Protocols is to provide the novice with sufficient practical information necessary to begin developing useful analysis and separation skills. Understanding and developing these skills will ultimately yield a scientist with broadened knowledge and good problem-solving abilities. Although numerous books that address d- ferent specialties, such as HPLC, FAB-MS, CE, and NMR, have been written, until now no single volume has reviewed all of these techniques with a focus on "getting started" in separation and analysis of peptides. This volume will also provide those who already possess practical knowledge of the more advanced aspects of peptide science with detailed applications for each of these protocols. Because the chapters have been written by researchers active in each of the fields that they discuss, a great deal of information on and insight into solution of real problems that they have encountered is presented. Examplary results are clearly demonstrated and discussed. For more advanced investi- tions, supplementary experiments are often suggested.
Download or read book Computer Analysis of Sequence Data Part I written by Annette M. Griffin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA sequencing has become increasingly efficient over the years, resulting in an enormous increase in the amount of data gen- ated. In recent years, the focus of sequencing has shifted, from being the endpoint of a project, to being a starting point. This is especially true for such major initiatives as the human genome project, where vast tracts of DNA of unknown function are sequenced. This sheer volume of available data makes advanced computer methods ess- tial to analysis, and a familiarity with computers and sequence ana- sis software a vital requirement for the researcher involved with DNA sequencing. Even for nonsequencers, a familiarity with sequence analysis software can be important. For instance, gene sequences already present in the databases can be extremely useful in the design of cloning and genetic manipulation experiments. This two-part work on Analysis of Data is designed to be a practical aid to the researcher who uses computers for the acquisition, storage, or analysis of nucleic acid (and/or p- tein) sequences. Each chapter is written such that a competent sci- tist with basic computer literacy can carry out the procedure successfully at the first attempt by simply following the detailed pr- tical instructions that have been described by the author. A Notes section, which is included at the end of each chapter, provides advice on overcoming the common problems and pitfalls sometimes enco- tered by users of the sequence analysis software. Software packages for both the mainframe and personal computers are described.
Download or read book Clostridium Botulinum written by Hauschild and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth resource addressing the ecology of Clostridium botulinum which affects the degree of food contamination, and its control in various foods. The text summarizes worldwide data on this organism in food and the environment and the principles of its control in specific foods and products.
Download or read book Diagnostic Bacteriology Protocols written by Jenny Howard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced public awareness of microbiological issues and increased governmental regulation have ensured that microbiology and bacteriology remain important, from the academic laboratory to a broad range of indus trial environments. Since the techniques used in bacteriology vary widely and have advanced rapidly of late, it has become increasingly desirable to gather a collection of up-to-date protocols from a comprehensive range of disciplines into a single volume. Diagnostic Bacteriology Protocols thus aims to provide a wide variety of up-to-date protocols for the identification and differentiation of bacteria from pure or mixed cultures, and for the study of bacteria at the genus through to subspecies levels. In addition, we aim to provide methods covering a range of complexities, some requiring little or no special equipment, others exploiting recent advances in sophisticated instrumentation or novel nucleic acid-based technology. We also present techniques to study a variety of aspects of bacteria—from the features of whole cells and their growth, through their enzyme activities and structural components, to nucleic ac- based analysis.
Download or read book Frontiers in Arterial Chemoreception written by Patricio Zapata and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the XIIIth International Symposium, held in Santiago, Chile, March 25-29, 1996
Download or read book Asymmetric Events written by Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces the concept of asymmetric events, an important concept in language and cognition, which, for the first time in linguistic literature, is identified in a more systematic way and analyzed in a number of different languages, including typologically or genetically unrelated ones. Asymmetric events are two or more events of unequal status in an utterance and papers in the volume present ways in which a linguistic description of main events in a sentence is different (morphologically, syntactically, discursively) from a description of backgrounded events. The prototypical asymmetries involving perception, cognition, and language are identified in subordination, nominalization and modification of various kinds but they extend to coordinate structures, serial verbs, spatial language and viewing arrangement, as well as part - whole relations. The perspective is broadly cognitive and functional, the authors use different though complementing methodologies, some include corpus data, and the asymmetries are shown to have a variety of stylistic and ideological implications.An in-depth analysis of manifold asymmetries in structure and function of diverse languages makes this volume of interest to linguists of different persuasion, philosophers, cognitive researchers, discourse analysts and students of language and cognition.
