Download or read book Muon Physics in the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intense muon sources have great potential in fundamental physics and applied science. An overview of future possibilities ranging from muon-electron conversion to muon catalyzed fusion and medical diagnostics will be given.
Download or read book Modern Muon Physics written by Igor I. Strakovsky and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Muon plays an increasingly important role in particle, nuclear, and atomic physics, and in applied research. The muon with the muon neutrino and strange and charm quarks create second generation of the Standard Model particles. Unique properties of muons, including its electric charge, mass, and lack of interaction via strong force made this particle a unique tool for discoveries of new elementary particles, including the Higgs boson, over last half a century. The prompt (by cascade transitions) and delayed (by weak muon capture) fission of heavy nuclei in muonic atoms became an important aspect of research. Use of muons as a probe particle to study various solid state samples recently developed in a separate branch of science. Muons can be used in the cold fusion for efficient energy production in the future. The studies of the processes beyond the Standard Model, the proton radius puzzle, the rare decays of the muon and its conversion into an electron and muonium into antimuonium, and hints of a difference in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon from predicted by the Standard Model, have become hot research topics. Muons are proposed to be used in accelerators providing ultra high intensity neutrino beams which will be used for studies of neutrinos, including their oscillations, which could shed a light on matter-antimatter universe asymmetry as well as for "Higgs factories" where a large number of Higgs bosons can be produced for in depth understanding of this recently discovered particle. This book describes various aspects of modern physics involving muons"--
Download or read book Modern Muon Physics written by Igor Strakovsky and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Muon plays an increasingly important role in particle, nuclear, and atomic physics, and in applied research. The muon with the muon neutrino and strange and charm quarks create second generation of the Standard Model particles. Unique properties of muons, including its electric charge, mass, and lack of interaction via strong force made this particle a unique tool for discoveries of new elementary particles, including the Higgs boson, over last half a century. The prompt (by cascade transitions) and delayed (by weak muon capture) fission of heavy nuclei in muonic atoms became an important aspect of research. Use of muons as a probe particle to study various solid state samples recently developed in a separate branch of science. Muons can be used in the cold fusion for efficient energy production in the future. The studies of the processes beyond the Standard Model, the proton radius puzzle, the rare decays of the muon and its conversion into an electron and muonium into antimuonium, and hints of a difference in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon from predicted by the Standard Model, have become hot research topics. Muons are proposed to be used in accelerators providing ultra high intensity neutrino beams which will be used for studies of neutrinos, including their oscillations, which could shed a light on matter-antimatter universe asymmetry as well as for "Higgs factories" where a large number of Higgs bosons can be produced for in depth understanding of this recently discovered particle. This book describes various aspects of modern physics involving muons"--
Download or read book Health Physics in the 21st Century written by Joseph John Bevelacqua and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a proactive approach and focusing on emerging radiation-generating technologies, Health Physics in the 21st Century meets the growing need for a presentation of the relevant radiological characteristics and hazards. As such, this monograph discusses those technologies that will affect the health physics and radiation protection profession over the decades to come. After an introductory overview, the second part of this book looks at fission and fusion energy, followed by a section devoted to accelerators, while the final main section deals with radiation on manned space missions. Throughout, the author summarizes the relevant technology and scientific basis, while providing over 200 problems plus solutions to illustrate and amplify the text. Twelve appendices add further background material to support and enrich the topics addressed in the text, making this invaluable reading for students and lecturers in physics, biophysicists, clinical, nuclear and radiation physicists, as well as physicists in industry.
Download or read book Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-11-12 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the Physics 2010 decadal survey project, the National Research Council was asked by the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation to recommend priorities for the U.S. particle physics program for the next 15 years. The challenge faced in this study was to identify a compelling leadership role for the United States in elementary particle physics given the global nature of the field and the current lack of a long-term and distinguishing strategic focus. Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time provides an assessment of the scientific challenges in particle physics, including the key questions and experimental opportunities, the current status of the U.S. program and the strategic framework in which it sits and a set of strategic principles and recommendations to sustain a competitive and globally relevant U.S. particle physics program.
Download or read book The New Physics written by Gordon Fraser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description
Download or read book Introductory Muon Science written by Kanetada Nagamine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muons are unstable elementary particles that are found in space, which can also be produced in particle accelerators to an intensity a billion times greater than that occurring naturally. This book describes the various applications of muons across the spectrum of the sciences and engineering. Scientific research using muons relies both on their basic properties as well as the microscopic interaction between them and surrounding particles such as nuclei, electrons, atoms and molecules. Examples of research that can be carried out using muons include muon catalysis for nuclear fusion, the application of muon spin probes to study microscopic magnetic properties of advanced materials, electron labelling to help in the understanding of electron transfer in proteins, and non-destructive element analysis of the human body. Cosmic ray muons can also be used to study the inner structure of volcanoes.
Download or read book Physics In The 21st Century Proceedings Of The 11th Nishinomiya yukawa Memorial Symposium written by Keiji Kikkawa and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-10-22 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Towards the close of the 20th century, the world's leading experts in theoretical and experimental physics review the major developments in their respective research areas, and present the prospects for the coming 21st century. The subjects covered in this volume are field theory, string theory, quantum cosmology, solid state physics, physics of complex systems, high energy physics, quark-gluon plasma, nuclear physics and observational cosmology.
Download or read book The Particle Odyssey A Journey to the Heart of the Matter written by Frank Close and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2002-07-25 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Particle Odyssey takes the reader on a spectacular illustrated journey to the heart of matter. In clear, non-technical language the authors describe the key experiments and fundamental discoveries which have led to our current understanding of the matter that makes up the universe and the forces that govern it. - ;During the 20th century, scientists discovered WHAT the Universe is made of; as the 21st century begins, they are preparing experiments to find out HOW it came to be like this. This great adventure, which will involve a metaphorical journey back in time to within a billionth of a second of the Big Bang, is the latest stage in the quest to understand the nature of the matter that makes our Universe and the forces that govern it. The Particle Odyssey takes the reader on a spectacularly illustrated journey to the heart of matter. In clear, non-technical language the authors describe the key experiments and fundamental discoveries which have led to our current understanding of the origins and nature of the material universe. There are individual 'portraits' of all the major subatomic particles, from the electron to the top quark. The authors describe the history of experimental particle physics: its origins in the discovery of X-rays in 1895; the dissection of the atom by Rutherford and others; the unexpected revelations of the cosmic rays; the explosion of new particles in the 1950s and 60s; the discovery of quarks and the rise of the 'standard model' in the last part of the 20th century. And they also look at the great challenges that face physicists today - where did antimatter go? what is dark matter? can there be a theory of everything? - and the experiments they are devising to explore them. The Particle Odyssey brings together and presents with style over 100 of the best images of particle 'events' - mysterious, abstract, often beautiful pictures of the tracks of subatomic particles as they speed, curve, dance, or explode through cloud and bubble chambers, stacks of photographic emulsion, and the giant multi-element detectors of modern experiments. Here are spiralling electrons, the tell-tale 'vees' of strange particles, matter and antimatter born from raw energy, energetic jets of particles spraying out from the decay points of quarks and gluons. A further 250 pictures, many taken specially for this book, illustrate the laboratories, experiments, and personalities of over a century of particle physics. -
Download or read book The Particle Century written by G Fraser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the first attempts to split the atom to the discovery of the top quark, the 20th century has witnessed a revolution in basic physics. Probing successively smaller constituents of matter has also revealed the conditions present at the time of the Big Bang. In a series of essays by scientists who have been closely involved in this exciting research, The Particle Century describes the unprecedented advances in our understanding of the universe. The book covers major historical developments as well as current advances, including early accelerator physics, the rise of the Standard Model, new comprehension of the big bang theory, and the cutting edge of today's investigations. These essays add novel insight into the continuing efforts to unravel the deepest secrets of nature.
Download or read book Engines of Discovery written by Andrew Sessler and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of Engines of Discovery celebrated in words, images and anecdotes the accelerators and their constructors that culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson. But even before the Higgs was discovered, before the champagne corks popped and while the television producers brushed up their quantum mechanics, a new wave of enthusiasm for accelerators to be applied for more practical purposes was gaining momentum. Almost all fields of human endeavour will be enhanced by this trend: energy conservation, medical diagnostics and treatment, national security, as well as industrial processing. Accelerators have been used most spectacularly to reveal the structure of the complex molecules that determine our metabolism and life. For every accelerator chasing the Higgs, there are now ten thousand serving other purposes. It is high time to move from abstract mathematics and philosophy to the practical needs of humankind. It is the aim of this revised and expanded edition to describe this revolution in a manner which will attract the young, not only to apply their curiosity to the building blocks of matter but to help them contribute to the improvement of the quality of life itself on this planet. As always, the authors have tried to avoid lengthy mathematical description. In describing a field which reaches out to almost all of today's cutting edge technology, some detailed explanation cannot be avoided but this has been confined to sidebars. References guide experts to move on to the journal Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology and other publications for more information. But first we would urge every young physicist, teacher, journalist and politician to read this book. Contents: Electrostatic Accelerators; Cyclotrons; Linear Accelerators; Betatrons; Synchrotrons; Colliders; Neutrino Super Beams, Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders; Detectors; High-Energy and Nuclear Physics; Synchrotron Radiation Sources; Isotope Production and Cancer Therapy Accelerators; Spallation Neutron Sources; Accelerators in Industry and Elsewhere; National Security; Energy and the Environment; A Final Word OCo Mainly to the Young. Readership: Scientists, research physicists, engineers and administrators at accelerator laboratories; general readers; undergraduates and graduates in physics, electrical engineering and the history of science."
Download or read book Deep Down Things written by Bruce A. Schumm and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2004-10-20 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A useful scientific theory, claimed Einstein, must be explicable to any intelligent person. In Deep Down Things, experimental particle physicist Bruce Schumm has taken this dictum to heart, providing in clear, straightforward prose an elucidation of the Standard Model of particle physics -- a theory that stands as one of the crowning achievements of twentieth-century science. In this one-of-a-kind book, the work of many of the past century's most notable physicists, including Einstein, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Dirac, Feynman, Gell-Mann, and Weinberg, is knit together in a thorough and accessible exposition of the revolutionary notions that underlie our current view of the fundamental nature of the physical world. Schumm, who has spent much of his life emmersed in the subatomic world, goes far beyond a mere presentation of the "building blocks" of matter, bringing to life the remarkable connection between the ivory tower world of the abstract mathematician and the day-to-day, life-enabling properties of the natural world. Schumm leaves us with an insight into the profound open questions of particle physics, setting the stage for understanding the progress the field is poised to make over the next decade or two. Introducing readers to the world of particle physics, Deep Down Things opens new realms within which are many clues to unraveling the mysteries of the universe.
Download or read book Quarks and Gluons written by M. Y. Han and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In his new book, the author introduces us to the world of particles He traces the century of progress in our search for the basic units of matter as well as those of the forces that act on it, starting from the electron and photon, the first entry in the list of elementary quantum particles, and ending up with the quarks and gluons discovered in the last decades of this century. He gives the curious layman a clear understanding of the forefront of our knowledge about the structure of matter at its deepest level".Y NambuUniversity of Chicago"This is a readable little book on particle physics and is aimed at those with no previous exposure to the subject Nevertheless, as one would expect from a leading contributor to the field, Han takes care to get things right even when using simple language, as for example in his discussion of spin".CERN Courier
Download or read book The Greatest Story Ever Told So Far written by Lawrence M. Krauss and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-03-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From award-winning physicist, public intellectual, and the bestselling author of A Universe from Nothing Lawrence Krauss, comes “a masterful blend of history, modern physics, and cosmic perspective that empowers the reader to not only embrace our understanding of the universe, but also revel in what remains to be discovered” (Neil deGrasse Tyson, American Museum of Natural History). In this grand poetic vision of the universe, Lawrence Krauss tells the dramatic story of the discovery of the hidden world that underlies reality—and our place within it. Reality is not what you think or sense—it’s weird, wild, and counterintuitive, and its inner workings seem at least as implausible as the idea that something can come from nothing. With his trademark wit and accessible style, Krauss leads us to realms so small that they are invisible to microscopes, to the birth and rebirth of light, and into the natural forces that govern our existence. His unique blend of rigorous research and engaging storytelling invites us into the lives and minds of remarkable scientists who have helped unravel the unexpected fabric of reality with reasoning rather than superstition and dogma, and to explain how everything we see—and can’t see—came about. A passionate advocate for reason, Krauss gives the rationale for the seemingly irrational—and the mysteries and apparent contradictions of quantum physics, and explores what that means for our lives here on Earth—and beyond. At its core, The Greatest Story Ever Told—So Far is about the best of what it means to be human—an epic history of our ultimately purposeless universe that addresses the question, “Why are we here?”
Download or read book Facts And Mysteries In Elementary Particle Physics Revised Edition written by Martinus J G Veltman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of modern particle physics accessible to anyone with a true passion for wanting to know how the universe works. We are introduced to the known particles of the world we live in. An elegant explanation of quantum mechanics and relativity paves the way for an understanding of the laws that govern particle physics. These laws are put into action in the world of accelerators, colliders and detectors found at institutions such as CERN and Fermilab that are in the forefront of technical innovation. Real world and theory meet using Feynman diagrams to solve the problems of infinities and deduce the need for the Higgs boson.Facts and Mysteries in Elementary Particle Physics offers an incredible insight from an eyewitness and participant in some of the greatest discoveries in 20th century science. From Einstein's theory of relativity to the spectacular discovery of the Higgs particle, this book will fascinate and educate anyone interested in the world of quarks, leptons and gauge theories.This book also contains many thumbnail sketches of particle physics personalities, including contemporaries as seen through the eyes of the author. Illustrated with pictures, these candid sketches present rare, perceptive views of the characters that populate the field.The Chapter on Particle Theory, in a pre-publication, was termed 'superbly lucid' by David Miller in Nature (Vol. 396, 17 Dec. 1998, p. 642).
Download or read book The Hunting of the Quark A True Story of Modern Physics written by Michael Riordan and published by Plunkett Lake Press. This book was released on 2019-07-31 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the absorbing account of one of the twentieth century’s most revolutionary discoveries — our first encounter with an essential mystery of the universe. Told by an active participant in this discovery, it is the saga of the search for quarks, the elementary particles lurking within the protons and neutrons of atomic nuclei, which constitute the fundamental basis of matter. Michael Riordan, physicist and author, was present at the key moments in this story. He brings to life the personalities, triumphs and failures of this true-life scientific detective story, vividly portraying the soaring ambitions and clashing egos of modern physicists at work, vying for the coveted Nobel Prize. The Hunting of the Quark gives readers an insider’s perspective on how frontier science actually occurs — the great leaps of imagination, the blind alleys followed, and the final resolution of the mysteries that had to be overcome on the road to unity. Like James Watson’s famous accountThe Double Helix, it has the immediacy and excitement of being on the trail of a monumental discovery — leading to a striking new scientific paradigm, the Standard Model of particle physics. “Many books on the 20th-century revolution in particle physics focus on the startling new notions introduced. Not as much attention is paid to those who dirtied their hands, nursing crotchety accelerator instruments, in order to prove the conjectures. Mr. Riordan, a physicist affiliated with the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, presents an authoritative account of this less-told tale. A veteran quark-stalker himself, he deftly combines his technical expertise with a journalistic flair, personally acquainting us with many of the men and women who joined in the hunt... Mr. Riordan enables us to behold exactly how physicists work and the tortuous paths that experimentalists must travel to gain just a scrap of insight into the puzzling laws of nature.” — Marcia Bartusiak, The New York Times “A great book that I couldn’t put down even though I knew the plot.” — Sheldon Glashow, Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics, Emeritus, Harvard University, Nobel prize in physics (1979) “Machines two miles long, pieces of matter elusive as lost souls, the likes of Richard Feynman ‘snooping around,’ reputations made and lost on the contumacious front lines of science — what a wonderful mix for a book. Particle physics has seemed arcane, the quark business most of all. Michael Riordan, who lives the story he tells, makes it lively, literate and accessible.” — Richard Rhodes, author of The Making of the Atomic Bomb “Mr. Riordan... understands the physics, but he also has an eye for the human comedy associated with the work. The result is a fine book on elementary particle physics.” — Jeremy Bernstein, The New Yorker “Riordan was an active participant in the search for the enigmatic quark, and his story reflects the excitement, passion and revelation of peeking into nature’s most elusive realm.” — Rudy Rucker, San Francisco Chronicle “An enjoyable book with enough good explanations and clear discussions to make it well worth reading both for the expert in modern high-energy physics and for the general reader.” — Alexander Firestone, Physics Today “A physicist with first-hand experience chasing quarks at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) relates the high points of the search for those elusive subatomic particles... Riordan builds a suspenseful tale around the neck-and-neck race between MIT/Brookhaven (Sam Ting) and Stanford (Burton Richter) in discovering the J/psi particle... Riordan’s epilogue is eloquent... Readers will... turn to Riordan for a close-in view and astute commentary on a pivotal period in 20th-century physics.” —Kirkus
Download or read book Challenges for the 21st Century written by Louis H. Y. Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001-05-08 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Fundamental Sciences: Mathematics and Theoretical Physics provided a forum for reviewing some of the significant developments in mathematics and theoretical physics in the 20th century; for the leading theorists in these fields to expound and discuss their views on new ideas and trends in the basic sciences as the new millennium approached; for increasing public awareness of the importance of basic research in mathematics and theoretical physics; and for promoting a high level of interest in mathematics and theoretical physics among school students and teachers. This was a major conference, with invited lectures by some of the leading experts in various fields of mathematics and theoretical physics.
