Download or read book Multiscale Assessment of Drinking Water Treatment Residuals as a Phosphorus Sorbing Amendment in Stormwater Bioretention Systems written by Michael Rick Ament and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioretention systems can reduce stormwater runoff volumes and filter pollutants. However, bioretention soil media can have limited capacity to retain phosphorus (P), and can even be a P source, necessitating P-sorbing amendments. Drinking water treatment residuals (DWTRs) have promise as a bioretention media amendment due to their high P sorption capacity. This research explores the potential for DWTRs to mitigate urban P loads using a combination of lab experiments, field trials, and an urban watershed model. In the laboratory portion of this research, I investigated possible tradeoffs between P retention and hydraulic conductivity in DWTRs to inform bioretention media designs. Batch isotherm and flow-through column studies demonstrated that DWTRs have high but variable P sorption capacities, which correlated inversely with hydraulic conductivity. Large column studies showed that when applied as a solid layer within bioretention media, DWTRs can restrict water flow and exhibit only partial P removal. However, mixed layers of sand and DWTRs were shown to alleviate flow restrictions and exhibit complete P removal. These results suggest that mixing DWTRs with sand is an effective strategy for achieving stormwater drainage and P removal goals. In the field portion of this research, I assessed the capacity of a DWTR-amended media to remove different chemical species of P from stormwater in roadside bioretention systems. I also explored whether DWTRs affect system hydraulics or leach heavy metals in the field. Significant reductions in dissolved P and total P concentrations and loads were observed in both the Control and DWTR media. However, the removal efficiency percentages (RE) of the DWTR cells were greater than those of the Control cells for all P species, and this difference increased substantially from the first to the second monitoring season. Furthermore, the DWTR used in this study was not shown to affect bioretention system hydraulics or to significantly leach heavy metals. These results indicate that DWTRs have potential to improve P retention without causing unintended consequences. In the third phase of this research, I used the EPA - Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to assess the impacts of different bioretention P removal performances and infiltration capacities on catchment-scale P loads, runoff volumes, and peak flow rates. Model outputs, which measured the cumulative effects of widespread bioretention use, showed that both P removal performance and infiltration capacity (i.e., presence or absence of an impermeable liner) have major impacts on watershed P loads. Infiltrating bioretention systems showed the capacity to reduce urban P loads and stormwater volumes, even with media that exhibited low P removal. Notably, P-sorbing amendments can be a limited resource and infiltration is not feasible in all locations. These results therefore suggest that water quantity and quality goals can be effectively achieved through a mixture of infiltrating bioretention and strategic use of P-sorbing amendments. Together, this research shows that DWTRs have significant potential to improve P removal within bioretention systems, but that fine-scale processes (e.g., P sorption capacity, hydraulic conductivity) must inform media designs if bioretention systems are to effectively reduce catchment-scale P loads and eutrophication risks.
Download or read book Lability of Drinking water Treatment Residuals WTR Immobilized Phosphorus written by Sampson Agyin-Birikorang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amendment with WTR decreased total dissolved P and bioavailable P masses in runoff and leachate by more than 50%. From the various studies, we conclude that WTR is an effective amendment to control labile P in P-impacted soils and that WTR immobilized P is stable and will remain fixed for a long time, independent of common soil pH values.
Download or read book Drinking Water Treatment Residuals for Removal of Phosphorus in Agricultural Runoff written by Beth Kondro and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excess nutrient loading to the Great Lakes Basin from agricultural runoff has negatively impacted water quality, resulting in harmful algal blooms. Best management practices, including constructed wetlands and sedimentation basins, can be used to reduce phosphorus losses from agricultural fields. Constructed wetlands are efficient in the removal of particulate phosphorus; however, removal of dissolved phosphorus is limited and requires further treatment to improve surface water quality. Several types of filter media (composed of Ca, Fe, and/or Al) can be used to further reduce the amount of dissolved phosphorus that enters surface water, and a media consisting of low-cost waste residual would be beneficial to adoption. Drinking water treatment residuals (DWTR) that often contain Al could be reused as an adsorbent for dissolved phosphorus. We evaluated the use of modified drinking water treatment residuals for removing dissolved phosphorus from wastewater. DWTR were mixed with binders, made into pellets to create an insoluble media with mechanical strength, and pyrolyzed to create a reactive media pellet. Pellets were evaluated using flow through columns and included experiments to determine the impact of pH (i.e. 6, 8, and 10), retention time (i.e. 1, 5, and 10 min), and field-collected agricultural runoff on dissolved P removal. Cement was found to be the best binding material to create an insoluble pellet with mechanical strength. The P removal capacity of the pellet consisting of the cement binder (1,397 mg P/kg) was within the range of previously evaluated steel slag (120-10,210 mg P/kg), a common reactive media for P removal. The addition of drinking water treatment residual and metals decreased the P removal capacity of the cement binder at pH 6-1 min retention at exhaustion. Increasing retention time increased the P removal capacity of the filter media tested. Wastewater pH has a minimal impact on the P removal capacity of all media except the pyrolyzed DWTR + cement binder media. Evaluated media was negatively impacted by real agricultural runoff with a measured decrease in P removal capacity (43-146 mg/kg decrease) compared to P-spiked distilled water at the same retention time. The pyrolyzed cement pellet was the most cost-effective reactive media, due to an increased P removal capacity. Pyrolyzed DWTR + cement binder would be more costly than the pyrolyzed cement binder alone but could provide a solution for the disposal of DWTR.
Download or read book Calcium Phosphate Precipitation in Wastewater Treatment written by Arnold B. Menar and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long term Stability of Sorbed Phosphorus by Drinking water Treatment Residuals written by Konstantinos Christos Makris and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Drinking-water treatment residuals (WTRs) are amorphous metal hydroxides with significant phosphorus (P) retention capacities, and offer significant potential to cost-effectively control soluble P losses in P-impacted sandy soils. The long-term stability of WTR-immobilized P, however, is unknown and is of major concern to regulatory agencies. We studied the sorption/desorption capacities, kinetics, and mechanisms involved in the reaction of P with three Fe-based and four Al-based WTRs.
Download or read book Water Treatment Residuals Effects on Phosphorus in Soils Amended with Dairy Manure written by Collin Thomas Lane and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating the Potential of Water Treatment Residuals to Mitigate Phosphorus Loss in Biosolid Amended Soils written by Michael Cairns and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pelletized Drinking Water Treatment Residuals for the Removal of Arsenic and Phosphate from Water written by Roberta Hofman-Caris and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phosphorus Adsorption desorption of Water Treatment Residuals and Biosolids Co application Effects written by James Anthony Ippolito and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Water Treatment Residuals Application to Excessively Manured High Soil test Phosphorus STP Soils written by Teuku Alvisyahrin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Examining Reduction of Phosphorus and Copper Release from Bioretention Soil Media Components Using Phosphorus Saturation Ratio written by Norah Kates and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioretention is an effective means of treating urban runoff, however, organic soil components are known to export P and Cu. Drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) are cost-effective P sorbents and may also be useful in Cu retention. To optimize bioretention soil mixtures (BSMs), predictive measures of P and Cu mobility are needed for application across a range of materials. A series of batch studies was conducted with WTRs and organics to determine the relationship between P and Cu export and soil physiochemical characteristics. Materials were incubated separately and in combination, and net release was calculated on a mass basis from the media. P release from combinations increased with increases in either phosphorus saturation index (PSI) or phosphorus saturation ratio (PSR), determined by oxalate or Mehlich 3 extraction, respectively. Variation in P release increased at higher PSI and PSR values, but decreased at low values (PSI
Download or read book Agricultural Use of Phosphorus Amended Water Treatment Residual and written by James Earl Hyde and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Water Treatment Residuals on Growth and Phosphorus Removal by Plants Adapted for Vegetative Buffers in the Mid Atlantic United States written by Robert A. Eaton and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phosphorus Immobilization in Manure impacted Soil with Aluminum based Drinking Water Treatment Residual written by Michael Miyittah-Kporgbe and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased WTR rates can largely overcome soluble organics impacts and negate the need for massive soil horizon mixing. Al-WTR can be an effective soil amendment to reduce P loss from manure-impacted soil when the WTR is made to contact soluble P in the soil profile. Soluble P not in direct contact with the WTR is unaffected by WTR and is subject to leaching loss.
Download or read book Management of Phosphorus Sources and Water Treatment Residuals WTR for Environmental and Agronomic Benefits written by Olawale Olusegun Oladeji and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensitivity analysis of the drafted Florida P Index model indicates that all nine variables in the model are important, and all variables fell into either medium or higher impact categories. Studies are needed into all variables in the P Index and the use of continuous ratings for the variables where possible. Use of more than 3 variables to account for wide spectrum of P-sources is recommended, and coefficients based on PWEP values of the sources should be considered.
Download or read book Soil Phosphorus Characterization and Vulnerability to Release in Urban Stormwater Bioretention Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern urban stormwater infrastructure includes vegetated bioretention facilities (BRFs) that are designed to detain water and pollutants. Phosphorus (P) is a pollutant in stormwater which can be retained in BRF soils in mineral, plant, and microbial pools. We explored soil properties and phosphorus forms in the soils of 16 operational BRFs in Portland, OR. Since soil hydrology can significantly impact P retention, we selected BRFs along an infiltration rate (IR) gradient. We conducted sequential fractionation and tests of P pools and measured P release in a subset of soils after drying and flooding samples for ten days. We hypothesized that mineral or organic soil P forms would be correlated with IR, and that vulnerability to P release would depend on the interaction of drying and flooding treatments with P forms and pools. IR did not significantly explain differences in P forms. Soil TP was elevated across all sites, compared with TP in agriculturally-impacted wetlands and was substantially composed of soil organic matter (OM)-associated P. Phosphorus sorbed to mineral Fe and Al oxides- was variable but positively correlated with water-extractable P. The concentration gradient of water-extractable P was primarily controlled by overall P pools. Experimentally induced P releases were seen in 5 of 6 soils exposed to drying conditions, presumably released through microbial mineralization of OM. Only one site showed significant P release following the flooding treatment. Our measurements supported the idea that Fe and Al oxides provide P sorption capacity in these BRF soils. Variable inputs of P to BRFs through stormwater and litterfall may contribute to variability in P profiles and P release vulnerability across sites. Design specifications and management decisions relating to bioretention soils (e.g. establishment of acceptable soil test P levels, focusing on P forms known to influence vulnerability of P release) may benefit from detailed biogeochemical investigations.
Download or read book Monitoring Phosphorus Transport and Soil Test Phosphorus from Two Distinct Drinking Water Treatment Residual Application Methods written by Jason S. Undercoffer and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Applications of manure and soils with elevated amounts of phosphorus (P) can result in surface transport of P leading to eutrophication of surface waters. Drinking water treatment residuals (WTR) have been identified as a potential best management practice to reduce the loss of P from agricultural fields. Two field simulated rainfall studies were used to investigate the efficacy of WTR to reduce P transport, reduce soil test P (STP), and determine if relationships between STP and runoff dissolved P (RDP) are altered by soil applied WTR. In the first field study, WTR was co-blended with poultry litter to achieve a range of phosphorus to aluminum molar ratios, or phosphorus saturations (Psat), two weeks prior to land application. Blending WTR at rates of 0, 7, 21, 84 g WTR kg-1 manure resulted in phosphorus saturations of 1860% (0WTR), 600% (LWTR), 200% (MWTR) and 50% (HWTR), respectively. Manure soluble P was reduced by 33, 62, and 96% by the LWTR, MWTR, and HWTR, respectively. The treatments were broadcast at 11.3 Mg ha-1 on field plots (2m X 2m) and simulated rainfall was performed prior to, immediately following application and at 1 month intervals for 3 months. Immediately following treatment application, RDP was reduced by 68% by the MWTR treatment and 97% by the HWTR treatment when compared to the RDP of the 0WTR treatment (32.9 mg L-1). These large reductions relative to previous research suggest co-blending WTR with manure prior to land application, rather than broadcasting each material separately, may be a more effective use of WTRs P-binding capability. Currently, Ohio's P-index uses total manure P as an indicator of P transport risk. Results of this study show that the P-index should be adjusted for WTR treatments. Phosphorus source coefficients determined by soluble manure P is currently used by several states and could be used in Ohio to reflect reduced P transport from WTR co-blending. Co-blending WTR with manure to achieve a final blended Psat 100% may provide the best protection of water quality and be a useful tool for WTR/manure co-blending calibration. In the second field simulated rainfall study, WTR (10 Mg ha-1) was incorporated into field plots (2m x 2m) with a wide STP range. Soil incorporated WTR reduced STP for all soil test methods following WEP (74.8%) Psat (50.2%)> M3P (40.2%)> B1P (39.5%) and RDP (39.4%), one day after WTR application. We observed positive linear relationships between Mehlich-3 P (M3P), Bray-1 P (B1P), water extractable P (WEP), and phosphorus saturation (Psat) with RDP for all runoff events. Relationships between M3P, B1P, or Psat and RDP were not significantly altered by soil incorporated WTR while the relationship formed by WEP and RDP had a significantly higher slope when soil incorporated WTR was present. Ohio's P-index currently utilizes B1P and M3P as an indicator of environmental risk of P transport. Results from this study support the use of B1P and M3P to categorize P transport risk, regardless of previous WTR applications.
