Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis From Bench to Bedside Currents Insights into Pathophysiological Concepts and Their Potential Impact on Patients written by Paulus Stefan Rommer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis From Bench to Bedside Currents Insights Into Pathophysiological Concepts and Their Potential Impact on Patients written by Paulus Stefan Rommer and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and advances in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a story of growing success. Great progress has been made in identifying the molecular mechanisms that can be utilized to develop highly efficacious treatments for MS patients. Since the middle of the last century, when studies using an inflammatory autoimmune model of MS i.e. experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) were initiated, research on MS has since led to an enormous growth of knowledge. The limitations arising from these animal models have been partially compensated by insights generated from histopathological, immunological, genetic, imaging and clinical studies of MS. The importance of T cells and, recently of B cells, in MS has been elucidated and the significance of CNS resident cells, particularly in the progressive course of MS has been highlighted. The importance of environmental factors and genetic predisposition have also been recognized and the interaction between th e individual and its environment seems to play key roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. However, definite causative agent(s) or single gene(s) involved in MS still remain unidentified. A deeper understanding of the immunological pathways involved goes hand in hand with further improving therapy for MS. Focal inflammation in MS, caused by de novo CNS infiltration, can be prevented effectively using peripherally-acting drugs. However, diffuse CNS intrinsic inflammation and neurodegeneration are not targeted by the current arsenal of therapeutics and patients with progressive disease courses remain difficult to treat. Generating insights into pathophysiological processes and the clinical translation of this knowledge have been a formula of success for treating inflammatory diseases. The future will show whether this will hold true for CNS-trapped inflammation and neurodegeneration and whether the ultimate goal - truly curing MS - will be possible.
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis Bench to Bedside written by Alexzander A. A. Asea and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the main causes of disability in young adult population. The estimated burden of the disease worldwide is about three million people. The pathogenic mechanism of MS involves both auto immune and degenerative processes. These two mechanisms are thought to determine a combination of events leading to several clinical pattern of disease onset and course. Multiple Sclerosis: Bench to Bedside provides the most up-to-date and concise reviews on the critical issues of multiple sclerosis from around the world. This book is written by leaders and experts in the field of multiple sclerosis research and is divided into easy to read sections. Section I focuses on basic science aspects of Multiple Sclerosis, including potential biomarkers, molecular biology, heat shock proteins, oxidative stress, genetic and epigenetics. Section II focuses on clinical and epidemiological aspects of Multiple Sclerosis, including remyelination therapy, neuroplasticity-based technologies and interventions. This is an important reference book and a must-read for Postgraduate Medical Scholars, Basic Science Researchers and Neurologists in Clinical Practice.
Download or read book Multiple Sclerosis written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Porth written by Carol Mattson Porth and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book White Matter Diseases written by Massimo Filippi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides cutting-edge information on the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures and treatment approaches for the main white matter (WM) disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). WM lesions are associated with many neurological conditions, and with aging. The diagnostic work-up of neurological diseases characterized by the presence of these lesions has changed dramatically over the past few years. This is mainly due on the one hand to the discovery of specific pathogenetic factors in some of these conditions, and on the order to the optimized use of diagnostic tools. All of this has resulted in new diagnostic algorithms, and in the identification of new neurological conditions. The book offers neurologists essential guidance in the diagnosis and treatment of the most frequent WM conditions, promoting their correct and cost-saving diagnosis and management. By integrating neurological, laboratory and imaging concepts with the demands of accurate diagnosis, this reference guide provides a state-of-the-art overview of the current state of knowledge on these conditions, as well as practical guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment.
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Nagehan Ersoy Tunalı and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases represent a very large group of heterogeneous disorders affecting specific subtypes of neurons in the brain. This book contributes insight both to the awareness of the brain and its neurodegenerative states. The chapters present current knowledge regarding genetics, molecular mechanisms, and new therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders. The book is intended to serve as a source to aid clinicians and researchers in the field, and also life science readers to increase their understanding and awareness of the clinical correlations, genetic aspects, neuropathological findings, and current therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases. I believe that this book will enlighten the curiosity for neurodegeneration and also encourage researchers to work on potentially effective molecular therapies for still mysterious neurodegenerative disorders.
Download or read book Colonic Motility written by Sushil K. Sarna and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.
Download or read book The Fourth Industrial Revolution written by Klaus Schwab and published by Currency. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World-renowned economist Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, explains that we have an opportunity to shape the fourth industrial revolution, which will fundamentally alter how we live and work. Schwab argues that this revolution is different in scale, scope and complexity from any that have come before. Characterized by a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, the developments are affecting all disciplines, economies, industries and governments, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human. Artificial intelligence is already all around us, from supercomputers, drones and virtual assistants to 3D printing, DNA sequencing, smart thermostats, wearable sensors and microchips smaller than a grain of sand. But this is just the beginning: nanomaterials 200 times stronger than steel and a million times thinner than a strand of hair and the first transplant of a 3D printed liver are already in development. Imagine “smart factories” in which global systems of manufacturing are coordinated virtually, or implantable mobile phones made of biosynthetic materials. The fourth industrial revolution, says Schwab, is more significant, and its ramifications more profound, than in any prior period of human history. He outlines the key technologies driving this revolution and discusses the major impacts expected on government, business, civil society and individuals. Schwab also offers bold ideas on how to harness these changes and shape a better future—one in which technology empowers people rather than replaces them; progress serves society rather than disrupts it; and in which innovators respect moral and ethical boundaries rather than cross them. We all have the opportunity to contribute to developing new frameworks that advance progress.
Download or read book Cerebral Cortex written by Deepak N. Pandya and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides a new view of the organization of the cerebral cortex. It explores the underlying principle of the organization of the cerebral cortex using the dual nature of the origin of the cerebral cortex. Cerebral Cortex provides a different way of understanding the current behavioral studies, neuroimaging observations, and promises a new approach to future studies.
Download or read book Relieving Pain in America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.
Download or read book Polyomaviruses and Human Diseases written by Nasimul Ahsan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-25 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science never solves apr oblem without creating ten more Geor ge Bernard Shaw How prophetic the above words prove to be when applied to the advances of 20th century medicine. Prior to Banting and Best, chnicians were unaware of the ravages of diabetes, patients simply wasted away and died. Following the purifica tion of insulin, clinicians now had to deal with diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neph ropathy and all the other complications of long-term diabetes. A little over 50 years ago, the first successful human kidney transplant was performed in Boston. The first 30 years of the experience had successes when compared to the alternative but were a constant struggle to get even 50% of the grafts from deceased donors to survive more than a year. However, the science continued to advance knowledge of the immune response. With this came more and increasingly powerful tools for the clinician. Suddenly, success rates of 80-90% at one year were attainable. With this success came new problems, new complications and clinicians now had to worry about the long-term consequences of their therapy as patients were surviving with functional grafts for extended periods. A particular infectious complication evolved with the application of ever more powerful immunosuppressant drugs. Astute clinicians noted that occasionally cellular rejections seemed to get worse with steroids. Despite their best efforts and the use of powerful drugs, patients lost their grafts to overwhelming interstitial infiltrates not seen before.
Download or read book The Antiphospholipid Syndrome written by Ronald A. Asherson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the foremost researchers in the field, this book gathers together in a single source the many important clinical associations of antiphospholipid antibodies. Antibody-related clotting mechanisms and their relationship to conditions such as recurrent strokes, chorea, multi infarct dementias, a variety of spinal syndromes, Addison's Disease, recurrent miscarriages, and many more are discussed in depth. The importance of these antibodies in 'Primary,' 'Secondary,' and 'Catastrophic' Antiphospholipid Syndrome is highlighted. Each chapter is devoted to a specific internal system and the clinical effects this syndrome has on that system. This authoritative book is an essential addition to medical libraries as well as an invaluable reference for general physicians, internists, rheumatologists, neurologists, cardiologists, nephrologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, pulmonologists, dermatologists, and obstetricians.
Download or read book Stem Cell Genetics for Biomedical Research written by Raul Delgado-Morales and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at where stem cell technology is presently and how it is instrumental in advancing the field of disease modeling and cell transplantation. By focusing on major human disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, and heart disorders, the book summarizes the major findings in the field of human stem cells and dissect the current limitations on our understanding of stem cells biology. The chapters focus on the genetics, genomics, epigenetics and physiology of stem cells models, together with technological advances on molecular biology such as CRISPR/Cas9 or epigenetic editing, that will be instrumental in the future of human disease modeling and treatment. In base of the limitations of current disease models and in front of the unmet necessity of finding therapeutical interventions for human disorders, the availability of stem cell technology has opened new doors for several fields. The unlimited self-renewal capacity and more extensive differentiation potential of stem cells offers a theoretically inexhaustible and replenishable source of any cell subtype. Since Professor Shinya Yamanaka described it, 10 years ago in his seminal paper, that somatic cells could be reprogrammed to inducible stem cells (iPSC) just by expressing four transcription factors, the field of has exploded, especially its applications in biomedical research.
Download or read book Principles of Regenerative Medicine written by Anthony Atala and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 1203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtually any disease that results from malfunctioning, damaged, or failing tissues may be potentially cured through regenerative medicine therapies, by either regenerating the damaged tissues in vivo, or by growing the tissues and organs in vitro and implanting them into the patient. Principles of Regenerative Medicine discusses the latest advances in technology and medicine for replacing tissues and organs damaged by disease and of developing therapies for previously untreatable conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, and renal failure. - Key for all researchers and instituions in Stem Cell Biology, Bioengineering, and Developmental Biology - The first of its kind to offer an advanced understanding of the latest technologies in regenerative medicine - New discoveries from leading researchers on restoration of diseased tissues and organs
