Download or read book Multimodal in Vivo Biomarker based Investigation of Alzheimer s Disease Pathophysiology and Drug Discovery written by Min Su Kang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In vivo biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have made remarkable progress during the past decades in detecting the pathological hallmarks of AD: aggregates of amyloid-beta (A[beta]) plaques, aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau/neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neurodegeneration. Today, such biomarkers can be quantified using advanced brain imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) as well as more readily available and accessible biofluid platforms such as in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or plasma sampling. In 2018, the US National Institute of Aging (NIA) and Alzheimer's Association (AA) has put forth a research framework, the A/T/(N) classification system - A[beta], hyperphosphorylated tau, and neurodegeneration, in which the diagnostic criteria are now exclusively based on the biological construct of AD. Although the application of the biological-based diagnostic criteria on clinical diagnosis of AD is still debated, the A/T/(N) system has provided a consensus in the AD research community. This has 1) accelerated the discoveries and validations of novel biomarkers across a multitude of platforms, 2) promoted a deeper understanding and a more accurate characterization of AD pathophysiological processes leading to cognitive impairment, 3) enabled clinical trial enrichment by precisely defining the potential therapeutic target, intervention study design, and biomarker-based evaluation of therapeutic target engagement and efficacy. In this Ph. D. thesis, three original studies provide three novel findings using the A/T/(N) classification research framework to 1) validate a novel fluid neuronal injury biomarker, neurofilament light chain (NFL) as a new addition to the AD biomarker A/T/(N) classification, 2) support activated microglia as an important factor in AD pathophysiological processes leading to aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau and subsequent cognitive impairment in the presence of A[beta], and 3) demonstrate a potential disease-modifying AD therapeutic and a platform, in which to facilitate new drug discovery"--
Download or read book Modelling Imaging Biomarkers of Alzheimer s Disease Using Animal Models written by Maxime Parent and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by brain amyloid-beta aggregating into plaques, intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal losses, eventually leading to cognitive decline and dementia. The complex interplay between these pathophysiological hallmarks is still not yet fully understood, and therapeutic approaches based on the current conceptualization of Alzheimer pathology have yet to yield potent disease-modifying treatments. To further our understanding of these pathological interactions and to guide therapeutic targets, two tools can be particularly helpful: imaging biomarkers, which allow the in vivo quantification of pathophysiological build-up and neurodegeneration even in the absence of clear clinical symptoms; and animal models, which can be used to study the specific expression of certain aspects of the pathology in a controlled environment.The combination of animal models with multimodal neuroimaging techniques provide a unique platform that can be used to test predictions generated by theoretical disease models and to validate new avenues for potential biomarkers and drug discovery. Here, we performed several studies highlighting the translational power of such approaches to further research on Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology.First, with a longitudinal and multimodal study using the McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rat model of amyloid-beta pathology, we showed that even in the absence of neurofibrillary tangles or widespread neuronal death, amyloid-beta can induce marked neurodegeneration as measured with several PET and MRI markers as well as memory losses. Second, using the same transgenic model, we showed a beneficial effect of hippocampal microglial activation on memory and resting-state connectivity. Finally, using an immunolesioned rat model, we validated the use of [18F]FEOBV as a sensitive PET radiotracer able to measure specific losses of cholinergic synapses, and then confirmed these findings with [18F]FEOBV autoradiography in brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease." --
Download or read book Neuroimaging in Dementia written by Frederik Barkhof and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date, superbly illustrated book is a practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with cognitive decline. It sets out the key clinical and imaging features of the various causes of dementia and directs the reader from clinical presentation to neuroimaging and on to an accurate diagnosis whenever possible. After an introductory chapter on the clinical background, the available "toolbox" of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques is reviewed in detail, including CT, MRI and advanced MR techniques, SPECT and PET, and image analysis methods. The imaging findings in normal ageing are then discussed, followed by a series of chapters that carefully present and analyze the key findings in patients with dementias. Throughout, a practical approach is adopted, geared specifically to the needs of clinicians (neurologists, radiologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians) working in the field of dementia, for whom this book will prove an invaluable resource.
Download or read book Diseases of the Brain Head and Neck Spine 2020 2023 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers an essential overview of brain, head and neck, and spine imaging. Over the last few years, there have been considerable advances in this area, driven by both clinical and technological developments. Written by leading international experts and teachers, the chapters are disease-oriented and cover all relevant imaging modalities, with a focus on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The book also includes a synopsis of pediatric imaging. IDKD books are rewritten (not merely updated) every four years, which means they offer a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in imaging. The book is clearly structured and features learning objectives, abstracts, subheadings, tables and take-home points, supported by design elements to help readers navigate the text. It will particularly appeal to general radiologists, radiology residents, and interventional radiologists who want to update their diagnostic expertise, as well as clinicians from other specialties who are interested in imaging for their patient care.
Download or read book Neuroanatomy and Pathology of Sporadic Alzheimer s Disease written by Heiko Braak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As indicated by its title, this monograph deals chiefly with morphologically recognizable deviations from the normal anatomical condition of the human CNS. The AD-associated pathology is illustrated from its beginnings (sometimes even in childhood) to its final form, which is reached late in life. The AD process commences much earlier than the clinically recognizable phase of the disorder, and its timeline includes an extended preclinical phase. The further the pendulum swings away from the symptomatic final stages towards the early pathology, the more obvious the lesions become, although from a standpoint of severity they are more unremarkable and thus frequently overlooked during routine neuropathological assessment. For this reason, the authors deal with the hallmark lesions in the early phases of the AD process in considerable detail
Download or read book Glutamate Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Download or read book Reviews on Biomarker Studies in Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Paul C. Guest and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes a series of reviews on general aspects of biomarker use in the study of psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and the development of medications involved in their treatment. It describes the pros and cons of the various approaches and covers the successes and failures in this research field. It is only by a thorough understanding of the shortcomings that progress can be made. The overall goal is to facilitate the understanding and treatment of these disorders, by providing a viable mechanism of catching up with other areas of modern medicine, such as diabetes and heart disease. Finally, it is anticipated that the development and application of valid biomarker tests and the leveraging of novel drug targets will help the fields of psychiatry on neurodegenerative disorders move into the area of personalized medicine where the right patients can receive the right medication at the right time for the best possible outcome.
Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.
Download or read book Biomarkers in Psychiatry written by Judith Pratt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses one of the Holy Grails in Psychiatry, namely the evidence for and potential to adopt ‘Biomarkers’ for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment responses in mental health conditions. It meshes together state of the art research from international renowned pre-clinical and clinical scientists to illustrate how the fields of anxiety disorders, depression, psychotic disorders, and autism spectrum disorder have advanced in recent years.
Download or read book Cerebrovascular Pathology in Alzheimer s Disease written by Jack C. De La Torre and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease is examined from the less-usual vantage point of the dysfunctional cerebrovasculature on amyloid formation, loss of neuronal homeostasis, synaptic changes, metabolic compromise, and cognitive decline. The book explores whether the cerebrovascular changes precede or follow clinical onset of the disease and the extent to which the pathological changes found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease are related to cerebral blood flow, perfusion, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.
Download or read book Mild Cognitive Impairment written by Ronald C. Petersen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-09 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the boundary zones between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD)? Are many elderly people whom we regard as normal actually in the early stages of AD? Alzheimer's disease does not develop overnight; the early phases may last for years or even decades. Recently, clinical investigators have identified a transitional condition between normal aging and and very early Alzheimer's disease that they have called mild cognitive impairment, or MCI. This term typically refers to memory impairment beyond what one would expect in individuals of a given age whose other abilities to function in daily life are well preserved. Persons who meet the criteria for mild cognitive impairment have an increased risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease in the near future. Though many questions about this condition and its underlying neuropathology remain open, full clinical trials are currently underway worldwide aimed at preventing the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease. This book addresses the spectrum of issues involved in mild cognitive impairment, and includes chapters on clinical studies, neuropsychology, neuroimaging, neuropathology, biological markers, diagnostic approaches, and treatment. It is intended for clinicians, researchers, and students interested in aging and cognition, among them neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, clinical psychologists, and neuropsychologists.
Download or read book Alzheimer s Disease written by Thimmaiah Govindaraju and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alzheimer’s disease is an increasingly common form of dementia and despite rising interest in discovery of novel treatments and investigation into aetiology, there are no currently approved treatments that directly tackle the causes of the condition. Due to its multifactorial pathogenesis, current treatments are directed against symptoms and even precise diagnosis remains difficult as the majority of cases are diagnosed symptomatically and usually confirmed only by autopsy. Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Findings in Pathophysiology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities provides a comprehensive overview from aetiology and neurochemistry to diagnosis, evaluation and management of Alzheimer's disease, and latest therapeutic approaches. Intended to provide an introduction to all aspects of the disease and latest developments, this book is ideal for students, postgraduates and researchers in neurochemistry, neurological drug discovery and Alzheimer’s disease.
Download or read book Alzheimer s Disease Drug Development written by Jeffrey Cummings and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a definitive overview of the complex ecosystem facilitating Alzheimer's Disease drug research and development. Demonstrates a drug's journey from in the lab, clinical trial testing, regulatory review, and marketing by pharmaceutical companies. Details the use of artificial intelligence, clinical trial management, and financing models.
Download or read book The Behavioral Neurology of Dementia written by Bruce L. Miller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-17 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distils the most valuable discoveries in dementia research into clear, insightful chapters written by international experts.
Download or read book Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers written by Charlotte E. Teunissen and published by Humana. This book was released on 2022-05-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the latest methods used in clinical neurochemistry laboratories for both clinical practice and research. Chapters in this book discuss topics such as techniques for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection, pre-analytical processing, and basic CSF analysis; an examination of biomarkers including ELISA and automated immunochemical assays for amyloid and tau markers for Alzheimer’s disease; the analysis of neurofilaments by digital ELISA; and an example of successful novel immunoassay development. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory. Cutting-edge and thorough, Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers is a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers to use in CSF labs and CSF courses.
Download or read book Limbic predominant Age related TDP 43 Encephalopathy written by Beller Health and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-13 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book 9 focuses on a new dementia type, LATE, mistaken as Alzheimer's disease until now.LATE stands for Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, the protein buildup responsible for this dementia. This book is organic, like the series, meaning we never consider our books as finished. Science evolves, which is why our books go through continuous updates. Since LATE is a new dementia classification, we expect continuous further information to emerge. Watch Amazon alerts for potential digital updates. We provide free digital copies on all paperback purchases, so everybody receives free updates.
Download or read book Handbook of Dementing Illnesses written by Morris John and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-12-01 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: about the book... about the editor... ISBN: 0-8247-
