Download or read book Multilingualism within Nation States and the Danger of Separation written by Gordon Wagner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-05-09 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,0, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), course: Language and Identity, language: English, abstract: Worldwide, there are almost 6,800 languages in 228 countries and approximately 200 languages that have more than one million native speakers. There are even less official nation states existing, according to various sources between 192 and 195. Obviously, not every single country or nation state exclusively contains citizens speaking only one language and we don’t need to seek out long, but instead take a look to member states of the European Union (EU) as there are countries like Belgium, Luxembourg and Ireland that are officially tri- and/or bilingual. On one hand, this suggests the existence of a considerately strong movement of native speakers among the respective country’s citizens that are not willing to accept merely one mother language (as is the case in Ireland, where both Irish and English are officially recognized idioms). On the other hand, it might indicate the existence of a potential language conflict situation – and indeed there are multilingual nation states in which this proves to be the case. There are many such examples throughout the world, e.g. Belgium, Spain and its various autonomous communities) or the Canadian province Québec. In fact, established nation states are threatened to break in part due to their citizens speaking utterly different languages and instead of just one with varying accents and/or dialects. So how do countries deal with these issues? What are the possible consequences of using more than one official language among an established nation state and how might this shape the citizens’ perception and consciousness on a wider range?

Download or read book Language Nation and State written by T. Judt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection examines the role that language has played in forming modern European nations. With language an omnipresent issue within the European Union, the importance languages have played within the histories and present situations of member nations is a crucial topic. Drawing on an international cast of contributors, the book explores the issues of monolingualism vs. plurilingualism within individual nations, the revival of languages in nations such as former soviet republics, and concludes with a look at language in the electronic age.

Download or read book Managing Multilingualism in a European Nation state written by Sally Boyd and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text analyzes recent shifts in Swedish language policy. Special focus is given to the complex relationships of the Swedish language to both English and to indigenous and immigrant minority languages in Sweden. Key issues addressed include the current debate concerning Sweden's official majority and minority languages; the position of immigrant and indigenous languages in the Swedish school system, the influence of the spread of English on the use of Swedish, particularly in writing; and the role of Swedish within the European Union. The contributions synthesize research on the status of languages currently used in Sweden as well as policy initiatives, and taken together the papers accurately present the many sides of the complex debate taking place there. While this book focuses on one country's struggle for multilingualism, the issues presented here are highly relevant and accessible to all readers interested in linguistic rights and language policy.

Download or read book Globalization and the sovereignty of nation states in Africa written by Gilbert Aidoo, Arhinful and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Politics - Topic: Globalization, Political Economics, grade: 80, University of Ghana, Legon (Department of Political Science), language: English, abstract: This work seeks to examine the various perspectives associated with globalization, as well as the positive and negative implications for the sovereignty of nation-states in Africa. The closer interaction between and among states is not a recent phenomenon. It particularly became popular when the victors of the WW2 came together in purpose of enhancing global peace and security, economic growth and reconstruction of the European economies that have fallen into the dark abyss of economic cacophony. It is against this background that the United Nations (UN) was erected to substitute the failed League of Nations. The Bretton Woods’ institutions, International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank (WB), and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which later metamorphosed into World Trade Organization (WTO) in subsequent years (1947) were created as a regime to regulate international trade. It must however be noted that many have ascribed such interactions between and among states to the event of globalization. Globalization has become some kind of "buzz word" used by people of all walks of life. Perhaps, it is one of, if not the most promiscuous concept in international relations.

Download or read book Is globalization causing the decline of the nation state written by Johannes Lenhard and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-01-29 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 1.3, Royal Holloway, University of London, language: English, abstract: Globalization alone is not causing the decline of the nation-state – not a single ‘trend’ is able to reduce the power of the most important actor in the international system. Rather, different developments need to be taken into account when examining the situation of the nation-state. After having analyzed in the first part the way, major globalization-developments, like global capitalism, influence the nation-state, I will describe in the second and third part two other movements: internationalization and regionalization. Both are ‘labelled’ with a national/transnational ambiguity, on the one hand strengthening and on the other hand weakening the nation-state. Within the conclusion, I will then argue, that the nation-state is indeed ‘under attack’ – but not only by globalization – and that it has to cope with a changing nature and differing tasks.

Download or read book Sports and national identity A brief history of Indian hockey 1928 1980 written by Basudhita Basu and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2015 in the subject Sport - Sport History, , language: English, abstract: This paper tries to probe into many intricate questions regarding the hockey career of India. The previous works mainly deal with the golden years of Indian hockey when India was supreme in the hockey field. But in my paper, I will try to show how the game hockey created a national identity among the Indians and what factors helped hockey in being the national game of India where football and cricket was also popular. The first section of the paper will deal with the birth of hockey in India and its journey to the international sports field. In this section I will discuss which factors made hockey the ‘golden game’ of India. What held the hockey group together which lacked in the other team sports and the American influence in Indian hockey. In this section we will discuss how hockey helped in creating a national identity for the Indians. The seed of nationalism started growing among Indian hockey players and there were several instances which showed that this game helped them create a national identity. This section will try to uphold these instances where a colonized nation could create an identity due to a game. While it was the British who helped spread hockey in India, they were not present when the Indians won their first gold medal. Several Indian newspapers documented this incident and it is very interesting to see the reaction of the colonizers. In this section we will discuss that in detail. In the concluding section we will deal with the factors which led to the deterioration of Indian hockey and why slowly cricket became more popular than it.

Download or read book The Relationship between Language and Nation in the Development of Austrian German written by Robert Stolt and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-03-16 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of St Andrews, course: Language and Nation in Europe, language: English, abstract: In the broadest sense, language is a means of identification and self-identification of individuals and social systems (Bodi 1995: 17). In German-speaking countries this can be a controversial issue. Terminologically, the existence of a nation-state called Germany (in German Deutschland = German country) makes it difficult for other German-speaking societies to determine their own national and linguistic idiosyncrasy (Bodi 1995: 19). Through the use of Austrian German language participants not only identify as Austrians, but the common language and history also necessitates identification with other members of the entire German language community. To understand this complexity, the development of Austrian German as a standard variety of the German language is necessary. In the course of this essay it will become clear that historical transitions and political aspects of nation-building are essential constituents of language development or -as Clyne points out- the development of Austrian German norms ‘is reflected in a pendulum swing between language planning for national identity and an acceptance of standardized German norms’ (Clyne 1992: 121). Therefore, theoretical, language-political and social-historical aspects of the development and current situation of Austrian German shall be investigated. The complex situation that revolves around the German language demands the exploration of the concept of German as a pluricentric language, which will be dealt with in the second chapter. The third chapter is dedicated to the development of the Austrian standard variety with emphasise on social and political history. A special emphasis is placed on the concept of nation-building and the associated national language. Furthermore, in chapter four the development of Austrian German norms shall be considered in the light of Haugen’s process of standardisation. A part of this chapter is also dedicated to exploring the diglossic situation in Austria. Lastly, the essay also deals with the current situation of Austrian German and gives an example of how its general prestige can be raised. Finally, in a retrospective analysis of the paper, the research findings will be analysed and an outlook of the future development of Austrian German will be given in the concluding chapter six.

Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages in Danger written by Christopher Moseley and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Languages are not only tools of communication, they also reflect a view of the world. Languages are vehicles of value systems and cultural expressions and are an essential component of the living heritage of humanity. Yet, many of them are in danger of disappearing. UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger tries to raise awareness on language endangerment. This third edition has been completely revised and expanded to include new series of maps and new points of view.

Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages written by R.E. Asher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the first appearance of the Atlas of the World's Languages in 1993, all the world's languages had never been accurately and completely mapped. The Atlas depicts the location of every known living language, including languages on the point of extinction. This fully revised edition of the Atlas offers: up-to-date research, some from fieldwork in early 2006 a general linguistic history of each section an overview of the genetic relations of the languages in each section statistical and sociolinguistic information a large number of new or completely updated maps further reading and a bibliography for each section a cross-referenced language index of over 6,000 languages. Presenting contributions from international scholars, covering over 6,000 languages and containing over 150 full-colour maps, the Atlas of the World's Languages is the definitive reference resource for every linguistic and reference library.

Download or read book A Philosophical Analysis of the Power of Language and Its Role in National Cohesion Stereotype of Bunyon Among the Kalenjins written by Mosol Kandagor and published by . This book was released on 2012-03-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Language Policy and Language Planning written by Sue Wright and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised second edition is a comprehensive overview of why we speak the languages that we do. It covers language learning imposed by political and economic agendas as well as language choices entered into willingly for reasons of social mobility, economic advantage and group identity.

Download or read book Advertising as Multilingual Communication written by H. Kelly-Holmes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-11 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advertising has traditionally communicated messages to consumers with strong local and national identities. However, increasingly, products, producers, advertising agencies and media are becoming internationalized. In the development of strategies that appeal to a large multinational consumer base, advertising language takes on new 'multilingual' features. The author explores the role of advertising language in this new globalized environment, from a communicative theory point of view, as well as from a close linguistic analysis of some major advertising campaigns within a multicultural and multilingual marketplace.

Download or read book Handbook of Multilingualism and Multiculturalism written by Geneviève Zarate and published by Archives contemporaines. This book was released on 2011 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Built around the concept of linguistic and cultural plurality, this book defines language as an instrument of action and symbolic power. Plurality is conceived here as : a complex array of voices, perspectives and approaches that seeks to preserve the complexity of the multilingual and multicultural enterprise, including language learning and teaching ; a coherent system of relationships among various languages, research traditions and research sites that informs qualitative methods of inquiry into multilingualism and its uses in everyday life ; a view of language as structured sociohistorical object, observable from several simultaneous spatiotemporal standpoints, such as that of daily interactions or that which sustains the symbolic power of institutions. This book is addressed to teacher trainers, young researchers, decision makers, teachers concerned with the role of languages in the evolution of societies and educational systems. It aims to elicit discussion by articulating practices, field observations and analyses based on a multidisciplinary conceptual framework.

Download or read book Education and Language The National Identity In Cameroon written by Pauline Ngongang and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2021-12-23 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject African Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: B+, , course: Peace,Conflict and International relations, language: English, abstract: The main objective of this work is to investigate how national identity in Cameroon can be constructed around education and language. The specific objectives are the following: To investigate how the education system in Cameroon promotes/ support national identity and nation building, to examine how language can support nation building in Cameroon, to investigate the challenges of nation building in Cameroon. Since November 2016, Cameroon has witnessed violent conflicts due mainly to its colonially brewed linguistic cum cultural divide. What is now referred to as the ‘Anglophone Crises’ has manifested seriously in the struggle by the English-speaking minority to preserve its language, education and judiciary systems, against perceived threats of assimilation by the majority French-speaking population who tend to dominate the central government, given that they are in majority. Therefore, this work set out to show that the absence of national identities, especially in the languages and education systems adopted by Cameroonians, poses serious challenges to achieving durable peace and sustainable nation-building. A qualitative content analysis was used for the study. Content in the social studies where materials read and collected from both primary and secondary sources to determine patterns and generate themes. The study was analyzed descriptively and presented in graphs, tables, and charts, while critically the study found that although common understanding is growing across the English-speaking and French-speaking Cameroonian population, the State has done far too little to create, popularize, and mainstream concrete tokens of national identity, such that over time the evolved ‘Cameroonian’ identity progressively displaces the alien and divisive “Francophone and Anglophone” identities. Accordingly, a multi-stakeholder, all-inclusive and continuing national dialogue process should be institutionalized to construct national identities to serve pivots upon which national policies on communication, education, and adjudication are anchored. Achieving the above outcomes, however, calls for political will, sincerity of purpose, and sound diversity management and peacebuilding policy implementation capacities.

Download or read book Language Policy of Education and National Identity in Ethiopia written by Yirgalem Alemu and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, , language: English, abstract: This work has attempted to give an overview of how the language policy of the different regimes in Ethiopia has contributed to the sense of national identity. Although language is not the only factor that consolidates or weakens national identity, it plays a significant role. It is with this mine that the book is written. Different language-related policies and documents of the imperial, military and EPRDF regimes were closely investigated. Sections and statements in the policy pertaining to language use were considered as units of analysis. Furthermore, empirical and theoretical literature written in areas of language policy and national identity were consulted. The autoher also included his personal experiences as a university instructor and informal meetings held with people in different walks of life. The evidence obtained from the sources mentioned above reflects that the language policy used in Ethiopia is highly polarized: ranging from one language to all to no language to all. That is, the regimes before EPRDF dictate one language to be used as a tool of communication to all Ethiopians. On the other hand, the EPRDF regime emphasized local language and culture without (practically) giving any room for national communication. Both approaches contribute little to national identity formation. This book recommends that Ethiopians need to learn from other multilingual countries about language planning. Ethnocentric thinking that assumes one’s own language as superior to the other’s language should be avoided. Politicians also need to abstain from politicizing language (identity) and using it as a means of mobilizing support. This book recommends that bilingual/ multilingual education contributes a lot to Ethiopian national identity formation.

Download or read book Language Endangerment written by David Bradley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the endangerment of languages and the loss of traditional cultural diversity, and how to respond.

Download or read book The World Until Yesterday written by Jared Diamond and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the author of No.1 international bestseller Collapse, a mesmerizing portrait of the human past that offers profound lessons for how we can live today Visionary, prize-winning author Jared Diamond changed the way we think about the rise and fall of human civilizations with his previous international bestsellers Guns, Germs and Steel and Collapse. Now he returns with another epic - and groundbreaking - journey into our rapidly receding past. In The World Until Yesterday, Diamond reveals how traditional societies around the world offer an extraordinary window onto how our ancestors lived for the majority of human history - until virtually yesterday, in evolutionary terms - and provide unique, often overlooked insights into human nature. Drawing extensively on his decades working in the jungles of Papua New Guinea, Diamond explores how tribal societies approach essential human problems, from childrearing to conflict resolution to health, and discovers we have much to learn from traditional ways of life. He unearths remarkable findings - from the reason why modern afflictions like diabetes, obesity and Alzheimer's are virtually non-existent in tribal societies to the surprising benefits of multilingualism. Panoramic in scope and thrillingly original, The World Until Yesterday provides an enthralling first-hand picture of the human past that also suggests profound lessons for how to live well today. Jared Diamond is the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of the seminal million-copy-bestseller Guns, Germs, and Steel, which was named one of TIME's best non-fiction books of all time, and Collapse, a #1 international bestseller. A professor of geography at UCLA and noted polymath, Diamond's work has been influential in the fields of anthropology, biology, ornithology, ecology and history, among others.