Download or read book Multi scale Simulations of Single walled Carbon Nanotube Atomic Force Microscopy and Density Functional Theory Characterization of Functionalized and Non functionalized Silicon Surfaces written by Santiago de Jesus Solares Rivera and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymers written by Roham Rafiee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymers: From Nanoscale to Macroscale addresses the advances in nanotechnology that have led to the development of a new class of composite materials known as CNT-reinforced polymers. The low density and high aspect ratio, together with their exceptional mechanical, electrical and thermal properties, render carbon nanotubes as a good reinforcing agent for composites. In addition, these simulation and modeling techniques play a significant role in characterizing their properties and understanding their mechanical behavior, and are thus discussed and demonstrated in this comprehensive book that presents the state-of-the-art research in the field of modeling, characterization and processing. The book separates the theoretical studies on the mechanical properties of CNTs and their composites into atomistic modeling and continuum mechanics-based approaches, including both analytical and numerical ones, along with multi-scale modeling techniques. Different efforts have been done in this field to address the mechanical behavior of isolated CNTs and their composites by numerous researchers, signaling that this area of study is ongoing. Explains modeling approaches to carbon nanotubes, together with their application, strengths and limitations Outlines the properties of different carbon nanotube-based composites, exploring how they are used in the mechanical and structural components Analyzes the behavior of carbon nanotube-based composites in different conditions
Download or read book A Multi Scale Electro Thermo Mechanical Analysis of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Tarek Ragab and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes are formed by folding a graphene sheet. They have gained a lot of attention during the last decade due to their extra ordinary mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used extensively for studying the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. In this thesis, a quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics level multi-scale modeling and analysis of single walled carbon nanotubes is presented. This dissertation reports many findings based on these simulations such as some parameters that affect the correctness of the results obtained by molecular dynamics simulation like the boundary conditions and the displacement increment. The effects of the strain rate and the length of the nanotube on the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes under uniaxial tension are also reported.^A simplification for calculating the virial stresses with multibody potential is derived to use for calculating the stresses in carbon nanotubes and compared with the stresses calculated using continuum mechanics engineering stresses. Simulation of unraveling of carbon nanotubes during field emission is simulated using Molecular dynamics simulations. The force required to start the unraveling in carbon nanotubes with different chiralities is reported as well as the maximum force that can be sustained by the atomic chain. Due to the nonlinearity in the current-voltage relation of carbon nanotubes, the traditional Joule's law for calculating joule heating in carbon nanotubes can not be used. In this thesis, the joule heating and the electron-induced wind forces per unit length of carbon nanotubes are calculated using a quantum mechanical formulation based on the energy and momentum exchange between the electrons and the phonons.^Two approaches were used in the calculations; the first one is based on formulating an integral form that makes use of the relaxation time approximation into the modified Fermi-Dirac distribution for the electron occupation probability. The other approach uses the Ensemble Monte Carlo simulations and tracks the energy and the phonon exchange during the simulation time. The results are used to calculate the effective charge number in carbon nanotubes at different temperatures. The methods proposed in this thesis for calculating the joule heating and the effective charge number can be used for any nanoscale material, and can be extended to include effects like phonon-phonon interaction and hot phonon effects.
Download or read book Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy written by S. Morita and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-07-24 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1995, the noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM) has achieved remarkable progress. Based on nanomechanical methods, the NC-AFM detects the weak attractive force between the tip of a cantilever and a sample surface. This method has the following characteristics: it has true atomic resolution; it can measure atomic force interactions, i.e. it can be used in so-called atomic force spectroscopy (AFS); it can also be used to study insulators; and it can measure mechanical responses such as elastic deformation. This is the first book that deals with all of the emerging NC-AFM issues.
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications written by Mei Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a wide range of topics relating to carbon nanomaterials, from synthesis and functionalization to applications in advanced biomedical devices and systems. As they possess unique and attractive chemical, physical, optical, and even magnetic properties for various applications, considerable effort has been made to employ carbon nanomaterials (e.g., fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamond) as new materials for the development of novel biomedical tools, such as diagnostic sensors, imaging agents, and drug/gene delivery systems for both diagnostics and clinical treatment. Tremendous progress has been made and the scattered literature continues to grow rapidly. With chapters by world-renowned experts providing an overview of the state of the science as well as an understanding of the challenges that lie ahead, Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications is essential reading not only for experienced scientists and engineers in biomedical and nanomaterials areas, but also for graduate students and advanced undergraduates in materials science and engineering, chemistry, and biology.
Download or read book Interfacial and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes written by Mark Andrew Poggi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next generation polymer composites that utilize the high electrical conductivity and tensile strength of carbon nanotubes are of interest. To effectively disperse carbon nanotubes into polymers, a more fundamental understanding of the polymer/nanotube interface is needed. This requires the development of new analytical methods and techniques for measuring the adhesion between a single molecule and the sidewalls of carbon nanotubes. Atomic Force Microscopy is an integral tool in the characterization of materials on the nanoscale. The objectives of this research were to: 1) characterize the binding force between single molecules and the backbone of a single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT), and 2) measure and interpret the mechanical response of carbon-based nano-objects to compressive loads using an atomic force microscope. To identify chemical moieties that bind strongly to the sidewall of the nanotubes, two experimental approaches have been explored. In the first, force volume images of SWNT paper were obtained using gold-coated AFM tips functionalized with terminally substituted alkanethiols and para-substituted arylthiols. Analysis of these images enabled quantification of the adhesive interactions between the functionalized tip and the SWNT surface. The resultant adhesive forces were shown to be dependent upon surface topography, tip shape, and the terminal group on the alkanethiol. The mechanical response of several single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes under compressive load was examined with an AFM. When the scanner, onto which the substrate has been mounted, was extended and retracted in a cyclic fashion, cantilever deflection, oscillation amplitude and resonant frequency were simultaneously monitored. By time-correlating cantilever resonance spectra, deflection and scanner motion, precise control over the length of nanotube in contact with the substrate, analogous to fly-fishing was achieved. This?multi-parameter force spectroscopy? method is applicable for testing the mechanical and interfacial properties of a wide range of nanoscale objects. This research has led to a clearer understanding of the chemistry at the nanotube/polymer interface, as well as the mechanical response of nanoscale materials. A new force spectroscopic tool, multi-parameter force spectroscopy, should be extremely helpful in characterizing the mechanical response of a myriad of nanoscale objects and enable nanoscale devices to become a reality.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Devices Engineered by Atomic Force Microscopy written by Landon Prisbrey and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores the engineering of carbon nanotube electronic devices using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based techniques. A possible application for such devices is an electronic interface with individual biological molecules. This single molecule biosensing application is explored both experimentally and with computational modeling. Scanning probe microscopy techniques, such as AFM, are ideal to study nanoscale electronics. These techniques employ a probe which is raster scanned above a sample while measuring probe-surface interactions as a function of position. In addition to topographical and electrostatic/magnetic surface characterization, the probe may also be used as a tool to manipulate and engineer at the nanoscale. Nanoelectronic devices built from carbon nanotubes exhibit many exciting properties including one-dimensional electron transport. A natural consequence of one-dimensional transport is that a single perturbation along the conduction channel can have extremely large effects on the device's transport characteristics. This property may be exploited to produce electronic sensors with single-molecule resolution. Here we use AFM-based engineering to fabricate atomic-sized transistors from carbon nanotube network devices. This is done through the incorporation of point defects into the carbon nanotube sidewall using voltage pulses from an AFM probe. We find that the incorporation of an oxidative defect leads to a variety of possible electrical signatures including sudden switching events, resonant scattering, and breaking of the symmetry between electron and hole transport. We discuss the relationship between these different electronic signatures and the chemical structure/charge state of the defect. Tunneling through a defect-induced Coulomb barrier is modeled with numerical Verlet integration of Schrodinger's equation and compared with experimental results. Atomic-sized transistors are ideal for single-molecule applications due to their sensitivity to electric fields with very small detection volumes. In this work we demonstrate these devices as single-molecule sensors to detect individual N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) molecules in an aqueous environment. An exciting application of these sensors is to study individual macromolecules participating in biological reactions, or undergoing conformational change. However, it is unknown whether the associated electrostatic signals exceed detection limits. We report calculations which reveal that enzymatic processes, such as substrate binding and internal protein dynamics, are detectable at the single-molecule level using existing atomic-sized transistors. Finally, we demonstrate the use of AFM-based engineering to control the function of nanoelectronic devices without creating a point defect in the sidewall of the nanotube. With a biased AFM probe we write charge patterns on a silicon dioxide surface in close proximity to a carbon nanotube device. The written charge induces image charges in the nearby electronics, and can modulate the Fermi level in a nanotube by ±1 eV. We use this technique to induce a spatially controlled doping charge pattern in the conduction channel, and thereby reconfigure a field-effect transistor into a pn junction. Other simple charge patterns could be used to create other devices. The doping charge persists for days and can be erased and rewritten, offering a new tool for prototyping nanodevices and optimizing electrostatic doping profiles.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites written by Dimitrios Tasis and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemically-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties which makes them an attractive starting material for the preparation of super-strong and highly-conductive fibres and films. Much information is available across the primary literature, making it difficult to obtain an overall picture of the state-of-the-art. This volume brings together some of the leading researchers in the field from across the globe to present the potential these materials have, not only in developing and characterising novel materials but also the devices which can be fabricated from them. Topics featured in the book include Raman characterisation, industrial polymer materials, actuators and sensors and polymer reinforcement, with chapters prepared by highly-cited authors from across the globe. A valuable handbook for any academic or industrial laboratory, this book will appeal to newcomers to the field and established researchers alike.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Michael J. O’Connell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery more than a decade ago, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have held scientists and engineers in captive fascination, seated on the verge of enormous breakthroughs in areas such as medicine, electronics, and materials science, to name but a few. Taking a broad look at CNTs and the tools used to study them, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications comprises the efforts of leading nanotube researchers led by Michael O’Connell, protégé of the late father of nanotechnology, Richard Smalley. Each chapter is a self-contained treatise on various aspects of CNT synthesis, characterization, modification, and applications. The book opens with a general introduction to the basic characteristics and the history of CNTs, followed by discussions on synthesis methods and the growth of “peapod” structures. Coverage then moves to electronic properties and band structures of single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), magnetic properties, Raman spectroscopy of electronic and chemical behavior, and electromechanical properties and applications in NEMS (nanoelectromechanical systems). Turning to applications, the final sections of the book explore mechanical properties of SWNTs spun into fibers, sidewall functionalization in composites, and using SWNTs as tips for scanning probe microscopes. Taking a fresh look at this burgeoning field, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications points the way toward making CNTs commercially viable.
Download or read book Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Matthew S. Marcus and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Probing the Way of Combining Theoretical Calculation with Experimental Characterization on Deposited Single walled Carbon Nanotube Film written by SHULIN TAN and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The carbon nanotube has long been seen as a next-generation semiconductor due to its 1D nanostructure and superior electrical properties. However, the characterization of it remains a challenge due to its ultra small diameter. It is suggested that a combination of theoretical simulations and experimental characterization would be suitable to reduce the time and effort needed to probe the properties of the defect of it. In this thesis, both finite element simulation and multiple characterization techniques, namely Raman Spectroscopy, Raman Imaging, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy, are performed to probe the effect of misalignment on the properties of deposited carbon nanotubes. The result of finite element simulation shows that the misalignment of nanotubes would lead to a drop in the total current flow through the device and a concentration of electrical current on a single nanotube. Experiments are then set up to probe a way of characterizing this defect. The diameter and bandgap of the carbon nanotube obtained from characterization is also used in the simulation. It is revealed that computer simulation and characterization results could be combined.
Download or read book Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes written by Vasyl Harik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes: Fundamentals, Modeling and Safety draws on the latest academic research and nanotechnology applications to provide a comprehensive guide on the most recent developments in the science of carbon nanotubes. The fundamentals of nanomechanics and mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes are presented in initial chapters, followed by more advanced topics such as the classification of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes in nanocomposites, multiwall carbon nanotubes, and recent trends.This book provides a system for the classification of carbon nanotubes into 20 classes, aiding correct selection for various applications, and includes the Atomic Registry Matrix Analysis for nanoscale interfaces, essential for design involving friction or sliding. Parametric maps are included to help readers pick the correct model for a particular CNT geometry, in addition to a thorough examination of the effective thickness paradox and safety issues related to CNTs, such as toxicity at high aspect ratio.Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes is essential reading for anyone involved in research or engineering that includes carbon nanotubes, be they students or seasoned professionals in the field. It is particularly useful to those working with applications in the areas of microelectronics, robotics, aerospace, composites, or prosthetics. Provides a system for the classification of carbon nanotubes, aiding correct selection for various applications Includes the Matrix Registry Analysis for nanoscale interfaces that is essential for design involving friction or sliding Features parametric maps to help readers pick the right model for a particular CNT geometry (beam vs. shell vs. thin or thick shells, etc.) Presents a thorough examination of the safety issues related to CNTs, including toxicity at high aspect ratio
Download or read book Physical Properties Of Carbon Nanotubes written by G Dresselhaus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-07-22 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an introductory textbook for graduate students and researchers from various fields of science who wish to learn about carbon nanotubes. The field is still at an early stage, and progress continues at a rapid rate. This book focuses on the basic principles behind the physical properties and gives the background necessary to understand the recent developments. Some useful computational source codes which generate coordinates for carbon nanotubes are also included in the appendix.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Nanomaterials written by Robert Vajtai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Nanomaterials covers the description of materials which have dimension on the "nanoscale". The description of the nanomaterials in this Handbook follows the thorough but concise explanation of the synergy of structure, properties, processing and applications of the given material. The Handbook mainly describes materials in their solid phase; exceptions might be e.g. small sized liquid aerosols or gas bubbles in liquids. The materials are organized by their dimensionality. Zero dimensional structures collect clusters, nanoparticles and quantum dots, one dimensional are nanowires and nanotubes, while two dimensional are represented by thin films and surfaces. The chapters in these larger topics are written on a specific materials and dimensionality combination, e.g. ceramic nanowires. Chapters are authored by well-established and well-known scientists of the particular field. They have measurable part of publications and an important role in establishing new knowledge of the particular field.
Download or read book Small Scale Computational Vibration of Carbon Nanotubes written by Muzamal Hussain and published by . This book was released on 2024-08-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents orthotropic vibration modeling and analysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which be helpful in applications such as oscillators and in non-destructive testing, and also vibrations characteristics of armchair double-walled CNT by means of nonlocal elasticity shell model. The nonlocal shell model is established by inferring the nonlocal elasticity equations in to Kelvin's theory, which is our particular motivation. The suggested method to investigate the solution of fundamental Eigen relations is wave propagation, which is a well-known and efficient technique to develop the fundamental frequency equations. The frequencies of three different types of SWCNTs are calculated. Also, the vibrations of the chiral single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) with non-local theory using wave propagation approach is investigated. It has been investigated that by increasing the nonlocal parameter decreases the frequencies and on increasing the aspect ratio increases the frequencies throughout the computation frequencies of clamped-free lower than that of clamped-clamped. Carbon nanotubes have a variety of applications because of their distinctive molecular structure and show unique electronic and mechanical properties because of their curvature. Nanotubes and micro-beams can be cited as one of the very applicable micro- and nano-structures in various systems, namely, sensing devices, communications and the quantum mechanics. The application of the tiny structures, specifically, carbon nanotubes in the sensors and actuators enforce the engineers to study vibrational properties of those structures experimentally and theoretically. In addition, they are utilized in different fields such as bioengineering, tissue engineering, computer engineering, optics, energy and environmental systems.
Download or read book Scanning Probe Microscopy and Spectroscopy written by Roland Wiesendanger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-09-29 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation and manipulation of matter on the atomic scale have been revolutionised by scanning tunnelling microscopy and related scanning probe techniques. This book is the first to provide a clear and comprehensive introduction to this subject. Beginning with the theoretical background of scanning tunnelling microscopy, the design and instrumentation of practical STM and associated systems are described in detail, as are the applications of these techniques in fields such as condensed matter physics, chemistry, biology, and nanotechnology. Containing 350 illustrations, and over 1200 references, this unique book represents an ideal introduction to the subject for final-year undergraduates in physics or materials science. It will also be invaluable to graduate students and researchers in any branch of science where scanning probe techniques are used.
