Download or read book Multi modality Inference Methods for Neuroimaging with Applications to Alzheimer s Disease Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An emphasis in ongoing Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is identifying those biomarkers which best predict future cognitive decline at the various stages of disease progression. These biomarkers can then serve as early markers for diagnosis, and for selection of subjects into clinical trials. Recent results suggest that the identification of such discriminative biomarkers is possible by adapting machine learning methods for this problem: but studies have primarily used modalities in isolation so far. The sensitivity/specificity offered by these methods is unsatisfactory for more clinically relevant questions: which Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients will convert to AD? Answering such questions requires new methods that leverage all data sources (e.g., imaging modalities, CSF measures) in conjunction. This thesis focuses on how data from multiple biomarkers should be optimally aggregated to best predict future cognitive decline, and how these models can improve clinical trials for AD. Significant improvements in sensitivity and specificity for discriminating AD, MCI, and healthy controls at the level of individual subjects are possible by making use of multiple modalities (together with longitudinal data) simultaneously. Further, these methods significantly improve sample size estimates in clinical trials, and help derive customized outcomes for evaluating new treatment procedures. This dissertaion presents new algorithms for a) introducing inductive biases into existing machine learning methods which are designed to fully capture and exploit the structure of the image data; b) combining various imaging modalities into a single predictive model via constructions based on robust loss functions, and quadratic regularizers based on modality-modality interactions; c) using the above frameworks to derive sensitive custom measures of disease progressiong from medical neuroimaging data for use in clinical trials. We present extensive empirical evaluations and theoretical evidence that illustrate how tailor-made machine learning algorithms can transform neuroimaging analysis and clinical trials.

Download or read book Multimodal and Longitudinal Bioimaging Methods for Characterizing the Progressive Course of Dementia written by Javier Ramírez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-12 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bayesian Estimation and Inference in Computational Anatomy and Neuroimaging Methods Applications written by Xiaoying Tang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Neuroimaging in Dementia written by Frederik Barkhof and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date, superbly illustrated book is a practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with cognitive decline. It sets out the key clinical and imaging features of the various causes of dementia and directs the reader from clinical presentation to neuroimaging and on to an accurate diagnosis whenever possible. After an introductory chapter on the clinical background, the available "toolbox" of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques is reviewed in detail, including CT, MRI and advanced MR techniques, SPECT and PET, and image analysis methods. The imaging findings in normal ageing are then discussed, followed by a series of chapters that carefully present and analyze the key findings in patients with dementias. Throughout, a practical approach is adopted, geared specifically to the needs of clinicians (neurologists, radiologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians) working in the field of dementia, for whom this book will prove an invaluable resource.

Download or read book Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America written by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2022-04-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the largest generation in U.S. history - the population born in the two decades immediately following World War II - enters the age of risk for cognitive impairment, growing numbers of people will experience dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias). By one estimate, nearly 14 million people in the United States will be living with dementia by 2060. Like other hardships, the experience of living with dementia can bring unexpected moments of intimacy, growth, and compassion, but these diseases also affect people's capacity to work and carry out other activities and alter their relationships with loved ones, friends, and coworkers. Those who live with and care for individuals experiencing these diseases face challenges that include physical and emotional stress, difficult changes and losses in their relationships with life partners, loss of income, and interrupted connections to other activities and friends. From a societal perspective, these diseases place substantial demands on communities and on the institutions and government entities that support people living with dementia and their families, including the health care system, the providers of direct care, and others. Nevertheless, research in the social and behavioral sciences points to possibilities for preventing or slowing the development of dementia and for substantially reducing its social and economic impacts. At the request of the National Institute on Aging of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America assesses the contributions of research in the social and behavioral sciences and identifies a research agenda for the coming decade. This report offers a blueprint for the next decade of behavioral and social science research to reduce the negative impact of dementia for America's diverse population. Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America calls for research that addresses the causes and solutions for disparities in both developing dementia and receiving adequate treatment and support. It calls for research that sets goals meaningful not just for scientists but for people living with dementia and those who support them as well. By 2030, an estimated 8.5 million Americans will have Alzheimer's disease and many more will have other forms of dementia. Through identifying priorities social and behavioral science research and recommending ways in which they can be pursued in a coordinated fashion, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America will help produce research that improves the lives of all those affected by dementia.

Download or read book Stroke Vascular Diseases written by W.Wolfgang Fleischhacker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart attacks, strokes and peripheral vascular disease, is one of the major killers in the world. By 2020 WHO statistics indicate that it will be the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in both the industrialised world and the underdeveloped world. The disease develops slowly over many years in the innermost layer of large and medium-sized arteries (Fig. 1) (Scott, 1995; Ross, 1999; Naumova and Scott, 2000; Glass and Witztum, 2001; Libby, 2001). It does not usually become manifest before the fourth of fifth decade, but then often strikes with devas tating suddenness. Fifty per cent of individuals still die (25 per cent immedi ately) from their first heart attack; and morbidity from coronary heart disease and stroke is very significant. The disease has a profound impact on health care services and on industrial economies. The lesions of atherosclerosis Autopsy studies show that in humans atherosclerosis begins in the first and second decade of life. A similar disease can be produced in experimental animals, where diet and genetics can be manipulated to produce identical lesions. The earliest lesions are fatty streaks. These consist of an accumulation of lipid-engorged macrophages (foam cells) and T and B lymphocytes in the arterial intima. With time, the fatty streaks progress to intermediate lesions, composed of foam cells and smooth muscle cells.

Download or read book Tauopathies Advances in Research and Treatment 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tauopathies—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Tauopathies. The editors have built Tauopathies—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Tauopathies in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Tauopathies—Advances in Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Springer Handbook of Computational Intelligence written by Janusz Kacprzyk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 1637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook for Computational Intelligence is the first book covering the basics, the state-of-the-art and important applications of the dynamic and rapidly expanding discipline of computational intelligence. This comprehensive handbook makes readers familiar with a broad spectrum of approaches to solve various problems in science and technology. Possible approaches include, for example, those being inspired by biology, living organisms and animate systems. Content is organized in seven parts: foundations; fuzzy logic; rough sets; evolutionary computation; neural networks; swarm intelligence and hybrid computational intelligence systems. Each Part is supervised by its own Part Editor(s) so that high-quality content as well as completeness are assured.

Download or read book Bayesian Estimation and Inference in Computational Anatomy and Neuroimaging Methods Applications written by Xiaoying Tang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Anatomy (CA) is an emerging discipline aiming to understand anatomy by utilizing a comprehensive set of mathematical tools. CA focuses on providing precise statistical encodings of anatomy with direct application to a broad range of biological and medical settings. During the past two decades, there has been an ever-increasing pace in the development of neuroimaging techniques, delivering in vivo information on the anatomy and physiological signals of different human organs through a variety of imaging modalities such as MRI, x-ray, CT, and PET. These multi-modality medical images provide valuable data for accurate interpretation and estimation of various biological parameters such as anatomical labels, disease types, cognitive states, functional connectivity between distinct anatomical regions, as well as activation responses to specific stimuli. In the era of big neuroimaging data, Bayes’ theorem provides a powerful tool to deliver statistical conclusions by combining the current information and prior experience. When sufficiently good data is available, Bayes’ theorem can utilize it fully and provide statistical inferences/estimations with the least error rate. Bayes’ theorem arose roughly three hundred years ago and has seen extensive application in many fields of science and technology, including recent neuroimaging, ever since. The last fifteen years have seen a great deal of success in the application of Bayes’ theorem to the field of CA and neuroimaging. That said, given that the power and success of Bayes’ rule largely depends on the validity of its probabilistic inputs, it is still a challenge to perform Bayesian estimation and inference on the typically noisy neuroimaging data of the real world. We assembled contributions focusing on recent developments in CA and neuroimaging through Bayesian estimation and inference, in terms of both methodologies and applications. It is anticipated that the articles in this Research Topic will provide a greater insight into the field of Bayesian imaging analysis.

Download or read book Brain Informatics written by Mufti Mahmud and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Brain Informatics, BI 2020, held in Padua, Italy, in September 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 33 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: cognitive and computational foundations of brain science; investigations of human information processing systems; brain big data analytics, curation and management; informatics paradigms for brain and mental health research; and brain-machine intelligence and brain-inspired computing.

Download or read book Psychiatric Neuroimaging written by Virginia Ng and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Active Inference written by Thomas Parr and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive treatment of active inference, an integrative perspective on brain, cognition, and behavior used across multiple disciplines. Active inference is a way of understanding sentient behavior—a theory that characterizes perception, planning, and action in terms of probabilistic inference. Developed by theoretical neuroscientist Karl Friston over years of groundbreaking research, active inference provides an integrated perspective on brain, cognition, and behavior that is increasingly used across multiple disciplines including neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy. Active inference puts the action into perception. This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of active inference, covering theory, applications, and cognitive domains. Active inference is a “first principles” approach to understanding behavior and the brain, framed in terms of a single imperative to minimize free energy. The book emphasizes the implications of the free energy principle for understanding how the brain works. It first introduces active inference both conceptually and formally, contextualizing it within current theories of cognition. It then provides specific examples of computational models that use active inference to explain such cognitive phenomena as perception, attention, memory, and planning.

Download or read book Neuroimaging Diagnosis for Alzheimer s Disease and Other Dementias written by Hiroshi Matsuda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the latest modalities such as tau PET imaging for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and also provides information on handling and analyzing imaging data that is not found in other books. In addition, it introduces routine imaging studies in the management of dementia in Japan. The prevalence of dementia has increased over the past few decades, either because of greater awareness and more accurate diagnosis, or because increased longevity has created a larger population of the elderly, the age group most commonly affected. Although only clinical assessment can lead to a diagnosis of dementia, neuroimaging in dementia is recommended by most clinical guidelines, and its adjunct role has traditionally been to exclude a mass lesion rather than to support a specific diagnosis. Neuroimaging may be also helpful for developing new strategies to achieve diagnoses as early as possible for therapies aimed at slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases manifesting dementia. Under these conditions, all clinicians and researchers who are involved in neuroimaging for dementia should decide which patients to scan, when imaging patients is most useful, which modality to use, how to handle imaging data from many institutions, and which analytical tool to use. This edition comprises contributions from leading Japanese experts in their fields.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Brain Network Analysis written by Alex Fornito and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Brain Network Analysis is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to methods for unraveling the extraordinary complexity of neuronal connectivity. From the perspective of graph theory and network science, this book introduces, motivates and explains techniques for modeling brain networks as graphs of nodes connected by edges, and covers a diverse array of measures for quantifying their topological and spatial organization. It builds intuition for key concepts and methods by illustrating how they can be practically applied in diverse areas of neuroscience, ranging from the analysis of synaptic networks in the nematode worm to the characterization of large-scale human brain networks constructed with magnetic resonance imaging. This text is ideally suited to neuroscientists wanting to develop expertise in the rapidly developing field of neural connectomics, and to physical and computational scientists wanting to understand how these quantitative methods can be used to understand brain organization. Winner of the 2017 PROSE Award in Biomedicine & Neuroscience and the 2017 British Medical Association (BMA) Award in Neurology Extensively illustrated throughout by graphical representations of key mathematical concepts and their practical applications to analyses of nervous systems Comprehensively covers graph theoretical analyses of structural and functional brain networks, from microscopic to macroscopic scales, using examples based on a wide variety of experimental methods in neuroscience Designed to inform and empower scientists at all levels of experience, and from any specialist background, wanting to use modern methods of network science to understand the organization of the brain

Download or read book Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging and Radiogenomics in Neuro oncology written by Seyed Mostafa Kia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-30 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging, MLCN 2020, and the Second International Workshop on Radiogenomics in Neuro-oncology, RNO-AI 2020, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2020, in Lima, Peru, in October 2020.* For MLCN 2020, 18 papers out of 28 submissions were accepted for publication. The accepted papers present novel contributions in both developing new machine learning methods and applications of existing methods to solve challenging problems in clinical neuroimaging. For RNO-AI 2020, all 8 submissions were accepted for publication. They focus on addressing the problems of applying machine learning to large and multi-site clinical neuroimaging datasets. The workshop aimed to bring together experts in both machine learning and clinical neuroimaging to discuss and hopefully bridge the existing challenges of applied machine learning in clinical neuroscience. *The workshops were held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Download or read book Alzheimer s and Parkinson s Diseases written by Israel Hanin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the third in a series of International Conferences related to Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. The first one took place in Eilat, Israel, in 1985; and the second one in Kyoto, Japan, in 1989. This book contains the full text of oral and poster presentations from the Third International Conference on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: Recent Developments, held in Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. on November 1-6, 1993. The Chicago Conference was attended by 270 participants. The Scientific Program was divided into nine oral sessions, a keynote presentation, and a poster session. The conference culminated in a Round Table Discussion involving all of the participants in the conference. The four and one-half day meeting served as an excellent medium for surveying the current status of clinical and preclinical developments in AD and PD. There were 59 oral presentations and 93 posters. This book incorporates a majority of both.

Download or read book C4 5 written by J. Ross Quinlan and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1993 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a complete guide to the C4.5 system as implemented in C for the UNIX environment. It contains a comprehensive guide to the system's use, the source code (about 8,800 lines), and implementation notes.