Download or read book Multi country Multi sector Growth Model written by Wilhelm Krelle and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A multi sector model of economic growth written by Luigi Lodovico Pasinetti and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multisector Growth Models written by Terry L. Roe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this book is to advance the state of the art in specifying and ?tting to data structural multi-sector dynamic macroeconomic models, and empirically implementing them. The fundamental construct upon which we build is the Ramsey model. A most attractive feature of this model is the insights it provides into the dynamics of an economy in tr- sition to long-run equilibrium. With some exceptions, Ramsey models are highly aggregated – typically single sector models. However, interest often lies in understanding the forces of e- nomic growth across multiple sectors of an economy and on how policy impacts likely play out over time. Such analyses call for moredisaggregatedmodelsthatcanbe?ttocountryorregional data.Thisbookshowshowto:(i)extendthebasicmodeltom- tiple sectors, (ii) how to adapt the basic model to account for policy instruments, and (iii) ?t the model to data, and obtain equilibrium values both forward and backward in time from the data points to which the model is initially ?t.
Download or read book Development Patterns in Multi Sector Growth Models written by Bernabé Edgar Cruz González and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common patterns of structural change in the sectoral composition of production, consumption and labor force are observed across countries during the economic development process. These patterns of change consist mainly of a large shift of employment, production and consumption from agriculture to manufacturing, and then from manufacturing to the service sector. This process of structural transformation or structural change has been extensively documented. Empirical evidence shows that the decline in the employment share of agriculture and the increase in employment share of service is a systematic feature in both developed and developing countries. In this regard, there is a growing literature that investigates the economic factors explaining both economic growth and structural change in a general equilibrium framework. Based on their assumptions on the structure of preferences and the sectoral production technologies, models of structural change are classified in two broad approaches: the demand and the supply explanations of structural change. The demand-based explanation emphasizes the role of changes in the composition of the demand on structural change. In this branch of the literature, demand changes are based on the assumption of cross-sector differences in income-elasticity of the demand. Therefore, structural change is driven by the Engel law: as income rises, demand for agriculture goods decreases and less labor is demanded in the agriculture sector to produce goods. Thus, labor moves to those sectors that are facing an increasing demand for goods and services. Consequently, the shares of employment and value added in agriculture decrease as income increases, which is consistent with empirical evidence. The supply-based explanation emphasizes the role of technological differences across sectors to explain structural transformations. In this branch of the literature, sectoral differences in the growth rates of total factor productivity (TFP), on the one hand, and sectoral differences in physical capital intensity, on the other hand, drive structural change. In the first case, when there are only sectoral differences in the pace of technological progress, less labor is required to produce goods in the progressive sectors (those sectors with the highest TFP growth rates) and labor moves from the progressive to the stagnant sectors (those sectors with the lowest TFP growth rates). In the second case, as capital deepening takes place, less labor is demanded to produce goods in the capital-intensive sectors and labor moves from these sectors to the labor-intensive ones. This thesis contributes to the literature on economic growth and structural change by analyzing three novel mechanisms. The three self-contained chapters of this Thesis analyze the effects non-constant technological progress, human capital accumulation, and changes in the uses of time on structural change and their implications on economic growth. The first chapter analyses the effect of technological adoption on structural change. The observed differences in the patterns of industrialization are explained based on sectoral differences in the adoption of technologies. This chapter makes to clear contributions to related literature. First, a technological adoption function is estimated at the sectoral level. Second, the equilibrium of a model of structural change with non-constant biased technological change is characterized. The comparison with the results obtained in the literature show that this model with adoption has a better performance in explaining the patterns of structural change. The second chapter analyses the effect of human capital accumulation on the sectoral composition of employment. To this end, it develops a multisector growth model with human capital accumulation. The main contribution is to show that the initial imbalance between physical and human capital determines the patterns of structural change. The analysis of this chapter is challenging, which shows the huge capacity of Edgar to work with different growth models. The third chapter analyses how the increase in leisure time contributes to explain the rise of the service sector. This chapter makes three contributions. First, using input-output data, it measures the size and evolution of the sector of recreational services. These are services consumed during the leisure time. It is shown that the increase in the time devoted to leisure is parallel to the increase in the consumption of recreational services. Second, a multisector exogenous growth model is used to show that taking into account the interaction between leisure and recreational services improves the performance of multisector growth models in explaining the patterns of structural change. Finally, this model is used to show that labor income taxes may explain cross-country differences in both leisure time and the sectoral composition of employment.
Download or read book A Multi sectoral Study of Economic Growth written by Leif Johansen and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1974 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph presenting a model for economic analysis of multi-sectoral economic growth - considers growth factors such as total investment, population growth, productivity growth, changes in exogenous demand, etc., and illustrates the economic model and the research methodology using input output tables of Norway. References and statistical tables.
Download or read book A Multi sector Model of Economic Growth written by Luigi Lodovic Pasinetti and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Multi sector Study of Economic Growth written by Leif Johansen and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth and Structural Transformation written by Kwang Suk Kim and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a comprehensive overview of Korea’s macroeconomic growth and structural change since World War II, and traces some of the roots of development to the colonial period. The authors explore in detail colonial development, changing national income patterns, relative price shifts, sources of aggregate growth, and sources of sectoral structural change, comparing them with other countries.
Download or read book Production Multi Sectoral Growth and Planning written by F.R. Førsund and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Leif Johansen's contributions to economic science are well documented in his articles and essays for economic journals, symposium volumes and Festschrifts, all of which are to be published by North-Holland. When initiating the idea of this collection, Professor Dale W. Jorgenson also suggested a memorial volume by associates and others that would include papers devoted to research topics directly inspired by Leif Johansen. In the present volume this idea is realised. Three topics are covered: production theory, multisectoral growth models and planning. The papers presented here were either under work at the time of Leif Johansen's death or prepared especially for this volume.
Download or read book Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling written by Peter B. Dixon and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of 17 articles, top scholars synthesize and analyze scholarship on this widely used tool of policy analysis, setting forth its accomplishments, difficulties, and means of implementation. Though CGE modeling does not play a prominent role in top US graduate schools, it is employed universally in the development of economic policy. This collection is particularly important because it presents a history of modeling applications and examines competing points of view. - Presents coherent summaries of CGE theories that inform major model types - Covers the construction of CGE databases, model solving, and computer-assisted interpretation of results - Shows how CGE modeling has made a contribution to economic policy
Download or read book The Role of Fixed Factors in Multi sector Neoclassical Growth Models written by Barry Scott Kahn and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation consists of three essays that examine the role of fixed factors in multi-sector neoclassical growth models, specifically the role of population density in causing the onset of industrialization. The first paper examines the question of why industrialization occurred first in China rather than England. Although industrialization first occurred in England, it is often thought that China, not England, was the world leader in technology at the time. Yet China did not industrialize until 150 years after England and nearly a century after less advanced European countries. This puzzle is examined in a two-sector model with competing agrarian and industrial production technologies. I find that when differences in population density across countries are accounted for, this delayed industrialization by China is the result of decreasing returns to population density in the agrarian technology and is consistent with the theory. In the second paper, the importance of total factor productivity (TFP) in causing industrialization is examined. TFP has long been thought to be the driving force behind industrialization. However, such an explanation cannot adequately account for the staggered timing of industrialization across countries. By accounting for differences in population density, a heterogeneity previously unexplored in the literature, I can account for 49-51 percent of the movement toward industrialization in the two sector overlapping generations model employed by Hansen and Prescott (2002). The third paper presents a sequential competitive equilibrium to solve an infinite horizon two-sector neoclassical growth mode where the two sectors are chosen to represent the agrarian and manufacturing sectors of the economy. In this framework, industrialization is seen to be the relaxing of the non-negativity constrain on the manufacturing sector. It is seen that every country possesses a critical population density upon which it will transition from using solely an agrarian production technology to employing both agrarian and manufacturing technologies. This transition is result of a discrete change in the decision to invest in manufacturing capital. Furthermore, the ability of agents to anticipate industrialization is shown to increase the rate of capital accumulation and hasten the onset of the manufacturing sector.
Download or read book A Model To Make Decisions and Take Actions written by Verena Halsmayer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1960s were the glorious age of large-scale, “economy-wide” macroeconometric models, which enabled forecasts and simulations of the quantitative effects of certain policy changes within systems of simultaneous equations. This article is concerned (1) with the form and character of the kind of knowledge these models brought about; and (2) with the ways in which these models shaped the practices, objects, and the very notion of macroeconomic planning. The concepts of bricolage and infrastructure help to account for the continuous reciprocal shaping of mathematical techniques, empirical data, bits of economic theory, institutional arrangements, the aims and hopes of economic planning, images and visions of the economy, and the practical requirements and affordances of computing technologies. The article traces the movements and changes of the multi-sector growth model, constructed by the Norwegian economist and communist Leif Johansen, from its publication in 1960 to its implementation in national macroeconomic planning and its wider circulation under the label of “computable general equilibrium models.” In Norway, it became one component of a “system of models,” which, far from simply being a passive “tool for decision making,” structured bureaucratic procedures, and formatted the basic concepts of policy-making. Both in and outside Norway, the multi-sector growth model showed a certain resilience: when Keynesian macroeconometric models encountered widespread criticism, it was further remodeled, adapted to new scenarios, and built into easily applicable software packages. Used by international organizations, government agencies, the private sector, and academe, it provides an example for the kind of knowledge that prepares the ground for a variety of policies--regardless of their political frameworks.
Download or read book Global Productivity written by Alistair Dieppe and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD
Download or read book The Long term Multi sectoral Growth Model written by Planning Bureau, Economic Planning Agency and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Athena written by Bert Smid and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long Term Macroeconomic Effects of Climate Change A Cross Country Analysis written by Matthew E. Kahn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the long-term impact of climate change on economic activity across countries, using a stochastic growth model where labor productivity is affected by country-specific climate variables—defined as deviations of temperature and precipitation from their historical norms. Using a panel data set of 174 countries over the years 1960 to 2014, we find that per-capita real output growth is adversely affected by persistent changes in the temperature above or below its historical norm, but we do not obtain any statistically significant effects for changes in precipitation. Our counterfactual analysis suggests that a persistent increase in average global temperature by 0.04°C per year, in the absence of mitigation policies, reduces world real GDP per capita by more than 7 percent by 2100. On the other hand, abiding by the Paris Agreement, thereby limiting the temperature increase to 0.01°C per annum, reduces the loss substantially to about 1 percent. These effects vary significantly across countries depending on the pace of temperature increases and variability of climate conditions. We also provide supplementary evidence using data on a sample of 48 U.S. states between 1963 and 2016, and show that climate change has a long-lasting adverse impact on real output in various states and economic sectors, and on labor productivity and employment.
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
