Download or read book Mucosal Immunity in HIV Infection written by International Symposium on Mucosal Immunity in HIV Infection and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mucosal Immunity in HIV Infection written by Reiner Ullrich and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gastrointestinal tract is one of the major target organs in HIV infection and mucosal immunodeficiency caused by HIV might contribute to the frequently observed secondary infections and malignancies in AIDS. This special issue brings together the expertise of key scientists actively working in the field, who cover the most recent findings and highlight areas for future research. First, the importance of different lymphoid compartments in HIV infection and immune responses against HIV at mucosal sites are discussed. Entry of HIV into the mucosa and the pathogenesis of mucosal HIV infection and immunodeficiency are then considered, followed by data on the mechanisms of mucosal pathology. Finally, mucosal vaccination strategies and the effects of antiretroviral therapy on mucosal HIV infection are covered. Structured to give the reader broad information on recent advances without theneed to refer to complex immunological literature, this publication offers a valuable reference to the state of the art in this field. It is therefore recommended not only to mucosal immunologists but also to students and scientists involved in other areas of HIV research.
Download or read book Restoration of the Gut Mucosal Immune System and Function in HIV and SIV Infections written by Mónica Macal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunity Against Mucosal Pathogens written by Michael Vajdy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-09 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surprisingly what separates us from the open environment all around us sometimes is a single layer of epithelial cells. It is at these seemingly fragile sites that most pathogens, including HIV, influenza, emerging and biodefense agents, gain access to our inside milieu. While there are major similarities between the cells and the immune responses generated at the mucosal membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts together with the genitourinary tract, there are also important differences. Knowledge of these differences and similarities is required in order to understand the interactions between us, as the host, and the pathogens that attack through each tract, and how our immune system reacts to each of them. Whether we want to devise rational prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines or treatments to either prevent or treat mucosal infections we must acquire such knowledge. This is the rationale behind putting this book together. This book will provide the readers in the areas of vaccinology, virology, bacteriology, epidemiology, immunology and mucosal immunology within academia (undergraduate, graduate, post doctoral fellows and professors), as well as preclinical and clinical scientists in vaccine and drug industries a thorough appreciation of the mucosal immune system and its importance in protecting humans against mucosal pathogens.
Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Download or read book Immune Restoration in the Gastrointestinal Mucosal Lymphoid Tissue of HIV Infected Patients During HAART written by Moraima Guadalupe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mucosal Vaccines written by Hiroshi Kiyono and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology. - Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines - Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines - Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases - Unique and user-friendly organization
Download or read book Evaluating the Interaction of HIV and the Immune System in Mucosal Tissues written by Duncan Mwithiga Chege and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mucosal Immune Responses and Their Association with Class I and Class II HLA Alleles in HIV 1 Controllers written by April Lynn Ferre and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mucosal Basis of Natural Immunity to HIV Infection written by Shehzad Mustafa Iqbal and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Mucosal Immunology written by S. Challacombe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 941 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The immunology of mucosal surfaces is one of the most exciting and relevant areas of medical veterinary and dental research since it applies basic research to tissues in volved in everyday defence against microbes and against environmental and food antigens. This book is based on the contributions presented at the International Con gress of Mucosal Immunology, held in London in July 1989 and organised by the Mu cosal Immunology Affinity Group of the British Society for Immunology. The meet ing was attended by over 500 delegates from 27 countries, including virtually all of the leading investigators in the field. The contents give comprehensive and up-to date information on such topics as antigen presentation and processing in the gut, mucosal vaccines in man and animals, HIV infection in the gut, the role of yo T cells in the gut epithelium, recent advances in inflammatory bowel disease and coeliac dis ease, the role of cytokines in the regulation of the IgA response, mucosal mast cells and cell migration. The contributions reflect the rapid pace of research in mucosal immunology, and the great strides which are taking place in the understanding of the immunology, molecular biology and biochemistry of host response at mucosal sur faces.
Download or read book Immunology of HIV Infection written by Sudhir Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading experts provide the only comprehensive book examining all aspects of immune response and immune-based treatments for HIV infection. Contributions, divided into three sections, discuss basic mechanisms, immunopathogenesis of HIV infection, and immune-based therapies. Researchers thoroughly review vaccine-including prospects of T cell vaccine-and gene therapy for HIV infection. Additional topics include organization of HIV genes, the role of co-receptors in signaling of lymphocytes, and biological response modifiers. This reference is designed for basic and clinical researchers, internists, pediatricians, infectious disease specialists, neuropathologists, oncologists, and rheumatologists.
Download or read book HIV 1 Infection Mucosal Immunity Pathogenesis written by Thomas F. Kresina and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mucosal and Systemic Immune Phenotype is Altered During HIV 1 Infection and is Partially Restored and Further Disrupted in the Absence of Detectable Viral Replication written by Marie Rose McCausland and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, while now treatable with antiretroviral therapy (ART), remains a problem for millions of patients worldwide. Patients on ART continue to have an increased risk of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-related and non-AIDS-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurocognitive defects. One potential reason for the increased morbidity and mortality seen in HIV (+) patients is the intestinal barrier defect known to be present in these patients. Decreased barrier function allows for microbial translocation, localized inflammation, partially due to Toll-Like receptor (TLR) ligation, and eventually systemic immune activation. We analyzed the phenotype of monocytes, known players in cardiovascular disease which travel to sites of inflammation, by flow cytometry, as well as TLR phenotype in the colon by immunofluorescence. Our results showed an increase in monocyte activation (HLA-DR, CD86) and decreased chemokine receptor expression (CCR2, CX3CR1) in viremic HIV (+) patients when compared to uninfected controls, which was only partially normalized with ART. Additionally, CD40 is further disrupted on monocytes with ART. Similarly, we find increased TLR3, TLR4, and TLR9 expression in the colons of Viremic HIV (+) patients, whose abundance and location do not fully normalize (TLR4, TLR9), or was further disrupted by ART (TLR3). Together our data suggest that ART, which is successful at controlling viral replication in tissue and HIV RNA levels found in the blood, does not allow for normalization of the immune activation seen in the HIV (+) patients, and in fact could be contributing to the continued pathology.
Download or read book HIV 1 Infection Mucosal Immunity Pathogenesis written by Thomas F. Kresina and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mucosal Immunity and HIV AIDS Vaccines written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanisms of Mucosal Dysfunction in HIV Infection and Potential Therapeutic Strategies written by Tiffany Hensley-McBain and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV and pathogenic SIV infection are characterized by chronic gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal dysfunction, which contributes to morbidities and mortality. This includes damage to the epithelial barrier, loss of Th17 cells, microbial translocation and local and systemic inflammation and immune activation. The mechanisms underlying mucosal damage have not been fully elucidated. The broad purpose of this thesis was to address several unanswered questions relating to mechanisms and potential therapies for GI mucosal dysfunction in HIV infection. We aimed to address three main objectives: 1) longitudinally assess the kinetics of GI neutrophil accumulation and reduced neutrophil antimicrobial function in relation to mucosal dysfunction, immune activation, and Th17 cell depletion in acute SIV infection; 2) investigate increased neutrophil lifespan as a mechanism for GI neutrophil accumulation in chronic, treated HIV infection and a potential role for HIV altered mucosal bacteria; and 3) assess the safety and efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) as a potential therapeutic for mucosal dysfunction in SIV infection. The role of neutrophils in HIV gastrointestinal mucosal dysfunction is one major theme of the studies described herein. Neutrophils are important for containment of pathogens, but can also contribute to tissue damage due to their release of reactive oxygen species and other potentially harmful effector molecules. Here, we demonstrate that immune alterations such as Th17 loss, prolonged intestinal neutrophil accumulation, and decreased neutrophil functionality occur after the onset of peripheral and mucosal T cell activation and evidence of microbial translocation, and are thus unlikely to be drivers of initial damage. We additionally demonstrate that neutrophils are recruited to the site of lentivirus infection, maintain antimicrobial function in acute infection, and may therefore participate in the antiviral immune response. In chronic treated HIV infection, we report that reduced homeostatic neutrophil apoptosis contributes to neutrophil accumulation in the gastrointestinal tissues, thus implicating neutrophil lifespan as a new therapeutic target for mucosal inflammation in HIV infection. Microbial dysbiosis in HIV infection is a second major underlying theme of this thesis. During HIV infection, the delicate balance of healthy bacterial communities is perturbed, and this dysbiosis associates with T cell activation and disease progression. Here, we report differential effects of HIV-altered mucosal bacteria on neutrophil survival, suggesting that dysbiosis may contribute to GI neutrophil accumulation in treated HIV. We also provide evidence that Lactobacillus species increase neutrophil apoptosis and decrease neutrophil frequency in vitro, which could have important therapeutic implications for reducing neutrophil-driven inflammation in HIV and other chronic inflammatory conditions. Finally, we demonstrate the safety of FMT in primates infected with lentivirus and examine the relationships between alterations to the microbiome and immunological parameters. We observed increased Th17 and Th22 cells as well as decreased activation of CD4+ T cells post-FMT, and these changes correlated most strongly across all sampling time points with lower abundance genera in the colon. Taken together, the data presented in this thesis improves our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to mucosal dysfunction and potential therapies that can be further investigated to improve overall health in HIV-infected individuals.
