Download or read book Much Uncertainty About Uncertain Tax Positions written by Robert Probasco and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) announced in January 2010 a new initiative to require certain businesses to report “uncertain tax positions” on a new schedule filed with their annual tax returns. Draft schedules and instructions issued in April 2010 clarified some of the mechanical aspects of the new requirement but left many open issues and questions. The IRS proposal built on requirements by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). The standard requires companies, in their financial statements, to reserve some of the benefits from any position taken on their tax returns unless it is more likely than not that the IRS would fully concede the issue prior to litigation if it arose during an audit.The article describes the proposals and then discusses concerns and open issues. The most significant concerns include that, as a practical matter, information asymmetry may result in overly aggressive positions taken by the IRS and the IRS may not have the administrative capacity to use the additional information properly. The proposal also raises concerns about privilege and waiver, particularly with respect to the work-product doctrine and tax accrual workpapers.
Download or read book Accounting for Income Taxes written by Amy Dunbar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ... provides a comprehensive analysis of FASB interpretation no. 48, Accounting for uncertainty in income tax position--an interpretation of FASB statement no. 109, which addresses the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company's financial statements in accordance with FASB statement no. 109, Accounting for income taxes.
Download or read book Accounting for Income Taxes written by Amy Dunbar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ...Analyzes issues that arise due to FASB interpretation no. 48, Accounting for uncertainty in income tax positions--an interpretation of FASB statement no. 109, which addresses the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company's financial statements in accordance with FASB statement no. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.
Download or read book The Benefits of Uncertainty written by Trent Krupa and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic theory suggests that tax-favored strategies attract investment, and this increased investment demand offsets tax benefits through lower pre-tax returns (i.e., implicit taxes). We propose that aggressive strategies that generate uncertain tax benefits have lower demand due to both the concern that the tax authority will overturn these uncertain strategies upon audit and because the firm does not receive the full benefit of the strategies on its financial statements. Consistent with this, we find that firms' investment in uncertain tax positions, holding cash effective tax rates constant, is associated with lower implicit taxes (i.e., higher pre-tax earnings and firm value). Subsequent analysis using exogenous variation in IRS enforcement supports the audit mechanism and helps mitigate concerns about reverse causality. Lower implicit taxes also arise, in part, from the earnings effects of uncertain tax positions, supporting the financial reporting mechanism. Our results illustrate a non-tax benefit of uncertain tax strategies.
Download or read book How Do Disclosures of Tax Uncertainty to Tax Authorities Affect Reporting Decisions written by Erin Marie Towery and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study exploits the recently-issued Uncertain Tax Position Statement (Schedule UTP) to examine the effect of mandatory disclosures of tax uncertainty to tax authorities on firms' reporting decisions. Schedule UTP requires firms to disclose federal income tax positions to the Internal Revenue Service that have been classified as 'uncertain' for financial reporting purposes. In showing how Schedule UTP disclosure requirements affect private and public reporting decisions, I provide insights into the usefulness of these disclosures. Using confidential tax return data and public financial statement data, I find that after imposition of Schedule UTP reporting requirements, firms report lower financial reporting reserves for uncertain income tax positions, but do not claim fewer income tax benefits on their federal tax returns. These findings suggest some firms changed their financial reporting for uncertain tax positions to avoid Schedule UTP reporting requirements without changing the underlying positions. The effect is concentrated among firms with greater business complexity, whose business operations facilitate tax planning strategies that are more difficult for the IRS to identify. More broadly, my results imply private disclosures of tax uncertainty can affect the informativeness of public disclosures of tax uncertainty.
Download or read book FIN 48 Uncertainty and Transfer Pricing written by Susan C. Borkowski and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48: Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (hereafter, FIN48) has changed significantly how corporations must disclose uncertain tax positions. One uncertain tax position experienced by most TNCs is related to the cross-border shifting of income due to its transfer pricing transactions, its characterization of specific transactions as not affecting reportable income or as tax exempt, and its management decision that specific income is not taxable by a foreign tax authority (August 2008). The main areas of interest in this study are a TNC's disclosures of its uncertain tax positions both generally and specific to transfer pricing. These disclosures are assessed pre- and post-FIN 48 implementation in both a traditional statistical analysis and in a content analysis of the related footnotes to the annual reports for 2006 through 2009. DATA ANALYSIS IN PROCESS.
Download or read book PPC Tax Planning Guide Closely Held Corporations written by Albert L. Grasso and published by . This book was released on 1993-08-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Uncertainty and Profit written by Frank H. Knight and published by Cosimo, Inc.. This book was released on 2006-11-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timeless classic of economic theory that remains fascinating and pertinent today, this is Frank Knight's famous explanation of why perfect competition cannot eliminate profits, the important differences between "risk" and "uncertainty," and the vital role of the entrepreneur in profitmaking. Based on Knight's PhD dissertation, this 1921 work, balancing theory with fact to come to stunning insights, is a distinct pleasure to read. FRANK H. KNIGHT (1885-1972) is considered by some the greatest American scholar of economics of the 20th century. An economics professor at the University of Chicago from 1927 until 1955, he was one of the founders of the Chicago school of economics, which influenced Milton Friedman and George Stigler.
Download or read book Distilling the Reserve for Uncertain Tax Positions written by John R. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the extent to which the reserve for unrecognized tax benefits consistently reflects uncertain tax avoidance. We analyze the financial statement disclosures for 19 paper companies that received a total of $6.4 billion in direct government subsidies structured as refundable excise taxes during 2009. Each of these companies included the refunds in financial income, but 14 of these firms excluded all or part of the refunds from taxable income. Despite the unprecedented nature of the exclusion, we find significant variation in the tax accruals meant to represent uncertain tax positions. Our evidence suggests that additions to the reserve for uncertain tax benefits are an inconsistent empirical measure of uncertain tax avoidance because of the wide latitude allowed managers in making judgments about tax uncertainties. Moreover, we find some evidence that these judgments are related to characteristics generally associated with weak corporate governance.
Download or read book Investment under Uncertainty written by Robert K. Dixit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending. This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.
Download or read book Tax Accounting written by A.J. Bakker and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Taxation written by John Hasseldine and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 31 of Advances in Taxation includes studies from expert contributors, exploring topics such as: firms’ domestic and foreign effective tax rates; tax avoidance; and tax compliance. A study reviews prior literature on tax increment financing, an economic development tool frequently used by U.S. local governments.
Download or read book Moral Uncertainty written by William MacAskill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About the bookToby Ord try to fill this gap. They argue that there are distinctive norms that govern how one ought to make decisions and defend an information-sensitive account of how to make such decisions. They do so by developing an analogy between moral uncertainty and social choice, noting that different moral views provide different amounts of information regarding our reasons for action, and arguing that the correct account of decision-making under moral uncertainty must be sensitive to that. Moral Uncertainty also tackles the problem of how to make intertheoretic comparisons, and addresses the implications of their view for metaethics and practical ethics. Very often we are uncertain about what we ought, morally, to do. We do not know how to weigh the interests of animals against humans, how strong our duties are to improve the lives of distant strangers, or how to think about the ethics of bringing new people into existence. But we still need to act. So how should we make decisions in the face of such uncertainty? Though economists and philosophers have extensively studied the issue of decision-making in the face of uncertainty about matters of fact, the question of decision-making given fundamental moral uncertainty has been neglected. In Moral Uncertainty, philosophers William MacAskill, Krister Bykvist, and Toby Ord try to fill this gap. They argue that there are distinctive norms that govern how one ought to make decisions and defend an information-sensitive account of how to make such decisions. They do so by developing an analogy between moral uncertainty and social choice, noting that different moral views provide different amounts of information regarding our reasons for action, and arguing that the correct account of decision-making under moral uncertainty must be sensitive to that. Moral Uncertainty also tackles the problem of how to make intertheoretic comparisons, and addresses the implications of their view for metaethics and practical ethics.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Wiley CPA Exam Review Study Guide 2023 written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley CPA Study Guides four-volume set, fully updated for the 2022 CPA exam, reviews all four parts of the exam and provides the detailed information candidates need to master or reinforce tough topic areas. Content is organized into Bite-Sized Lessons that map perfectly to the Wiley CPA online course. The books are designed to supplement the online course but may also be used as a stand-alone study tool.
Download or read book Wiley CPAexcel Exam Review April 2017 Study Guide written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 1324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley CPAexcel Study Guide: Financial Accounting and Reporting arms CPA test-takers with detailed text and skill-building problems to help identify, focus on, and master the specific topics that may need additional reinforcement to pass the FAR section of the CPA Exam. This essential study guide: Covers the complete AICPA content blueprint in FAR Explains every topic tested with 1,299 pages of study text, 752 multiple-choice questions, and 73 task-based simulations in FAR Organized in Bite-Sized Lesson format with 217 lessons in FAR Maps perfectly to the Wiley CPAexcel online course; may be used to complement the course or as a stand-alone study tool
