Download or read book Moving to Alternative Refrigerants written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Moving to Alternative Refrigerants written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Download or read book Moving to Alternative Refrigerants written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Download or read book Alternative Refrigerant Blends and Oils written by John Tomczyk and published by . This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drawdown written by Paul Hawken and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: • New York Times bestseller • The 100 most substantive solutions to reverse global warming, based on meticulous research by leading scientists and policymakers around the world “At this point in time, the Drawdown book is exactly what is needed; a credible, conservative solution-by-solution narrative that we can do it. Reading it is an effective inoculation against the widespread perception of doom that humanity cannot and will not solve the climate crisis. Reported by-effects include increased determination and a sense of grounded hope.” —Per Espen Stoknes, Author, What We Think About When We Try Not To Think About Global Warming “There’s been no real way for ordinary people to get an understanding of what they can do and what impact it can have. There remains no single, comprehensive, reliable compendium of carbon-reduction solutions across sectors. At least until now. . . . The public is hungry for this kind of practical wisdom.” —David Roberts, Vox “This is the ideal environmental sciences textbook—only it is too interesting and inspiring to be called a textbook.” —Peter Kareiva, Director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA In the face of widespread fear and apathy, an international coalition of researchers, professionals, and scientists have come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. One hundred techniques and practices are described here—some are well known; some you may have never heard of. They range from clean energy to educating girls in lower-income countries to land use practices that pull carbon out of the air. The solutions exist, are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are currently enacting them with skill and determination. If deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, they represent a credible path forward, not just to slow the earth’s warming but to reach drawdown, that point in time when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere peak and begin to decline. These measures promise cascading benefits to human health, security, prosperity, and well-being—giving us every reason to see this planetary crisis as an opportunity to create a just and livable world.
Download or read book Handbook for the Analysis and Identification of Alternative Refrigerants written by Thomas J. Bruno and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many laboratories are engaged in research on the development of new fluids for use as refrigerants to replace the fully halogenated materials that are believed to contribute to atmospheric ozone depletion. An integral part of this effort is the chemical analysis of new fluids that are synthesized, prepared, and tested. This comprehensive book, which is divided into two parts, fills an important need in this vital chemical analysis protocol. The first part reviews the major chemical analysis methods that have been developed and used at NIST and in other laboratories. This review covers spectroscopic, chromatographic, and "wet" analytical methods, with treatment divided by qualitative identification, qualitative determinations, and chemical reaction screening. The second part contains a compilation of analytical information of the new fluids and their products. Physical properties, mass spectra, infrared spectra, ultraviolet spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and gas chromatographic retention data are provided for each fluid or product.
Download or read book Alternative Refrigerants written by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heat Transfer Performance and Prediction of Low Global Warming Potential R134a Refrigerant Alternatives written by Jordan Alexander Morrow and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the Kigali amendment, environmental regulations are phasing out high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants such as R134a. Since many potential alternative refrigerants have flammability and cost concerns, minimizing system charge is critical. The condenser is typically responsible for 50% of the charge of a system; it is vital to have a fundamental understanding of the flow condensation heat transfer performance of low GWP refrigerants such as R513A and R450A. Flow condensation data were extracted from 35 papers and created a database of 5,030 condensation heat transfer coefficient data points. The data points were compared to predicted values from ten condensation correlations and the mean average error (MAE) for each one was calculated: Akers et al. (1959) (MAE=106%), Cavallini et al. (2006) (MAE=30%), Cavallini et al. (2011) (MAE=29%), Kim and Mudawar (2013) (MAE=28%), Macdonald and Garimella (2016) (MAE=61%), Shah (1979) (MAE=39%), Shah (2009) (MAE=32%), Shah (2013) (MAE=38%), Shah (2016) (MAE=26%), and Traviss et al. (1973) (MAE=46%). Many of the refrigerants in the database were not used for developing these correlations. Limited data were available for R513A (i.e., five studies) and R450A (i.e., one study). A vapor compression cycle experimental setup was designed and built to measure heat transfer performance of R134a alternative refrigerants. Experimental heat transfer coefficient data for R513A and R450A in a 0.95 mm diameter, multiport, mini-channel are presented for a range of mass flux (i.e., 200 - 500 kg/m2s) and quality (i.e., 0.2 - 0.8) at a saturation temperature of 40°C. Condensation heat transfer coefficients for R134a, R513A, and R450A increased with increasing mass flux and quality. R513A condensation heat transfer coefficients were 2.6 - 25.6% lower than R134a heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop were 4.5 - 14.0% lower than R134a pressure drop. R450A heat transfer coefficients were 2.4% higher than R134a at high mass flux and quality and up to 11.7% lower than R134a at lower mass fluxes than R134a heat transfer coefficients; R450A pressure drop were comparable to R134a pressure drop (i.e., 5.0% higher to 9.5% lower). A heat transfer coefficient correlation for low GWP (i.e., less than 750) refrigerants was developed using the Buckingham Pi theorem in conjunction with the MATLAB Optimization toolbox. The new correlation was developed using the condensation heat transfer coefficient database and the new experimental data collected from the experimental apparatus. The correlation is developed from a database of 4,110 data points including 11 synthetic refrigerants [i.e., R32, R41, R152a, R161, R450A, R452B, R454C, R455A, R513A, R1234yf, R1234ze(E)] and a range of diameters (i.e., 0.5 - 12.7 mm), saturation temperatures (i.e., 15 - 83°C), mass fluxes (i.e., 50 - 1200 kg/m2s), qualities (i.e., 0.007 - 0.999), pressure ratios (i.e., 0.15 - 0.91), Bond numbers (i.e., 0.454 - 616), liquid Reynolds numbers (i.e., 347 - 80,084), liquid Prandtl numbers (i.e., 1.87 - 5.64), and vapor Weber numbers (i.e., 8.35 - 27,334). The correlation development used 80% of the data points and tested for accuracy with the other 20% of the data points. The new correlation has a MAE of 24.2% for the data used to build the correlation and a MAE of 24.6% for the data used to test the correlation. The consistency of the correlation to predict the build data points and the test data points shows that the correlation effectively predicts the condensation heat transfer coefficients of these low GWP refrigerants.
Download or read book EPA National Publications Catalog written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heat Transfer with Alternate Refrigerants written by Harry J. Sauer (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CFC Reduction technology Transfer to the Developing World written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Convective Flow Boiling written by John C. Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises selected papers from the First International Conference on Convective Flow Boiling. The purpose of the conference is to examine state-of-science and recent developments in technology of flow boiling, i.e., boiling systems which are affected by convective flows.
Download or read book Vapor Compression Heat Pumps with Refrigerant Mixtures written by Reinhard Radermacher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-06-23 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amidst tightening requirements for eliminating CFC's, HCFC's, halons, and HFC's from use in air conditioning and heat pumps, the search began for replacements that are environmentally benign, non-flammable, and similar to the banned refrigerants in system-level behavior. Refrigerant mixtures are increasingly used as working fluids because they demo
Download or read book NIST Building Fire Research Laboratory Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in New Heat Transfer Fluids written by Alina Adriana Minea and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat transfer enhancement has seen rapid development and widespread use in both conventional and emerging technologies. Improvement of heat transfer fluids requires a balance between experimental and numerical work in nanofluids and new refrigerants. Recognizing the uncertainties in development of new heat transfer fluids, Advances in New Heat Transfer Fluids: From Numerical to Experimental Techniques contains both theoretical and practical coverage.
Download or read book Guide to NIST written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-07 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gathers in one place descriptions of NIST's many programs, products, services, and research projects, along with contact names, phone numbers, and e-mail and World Wide Web addresses for further information. It is divided into chapters covering each of NIST's major operating units. In addition, each chapter on laboratory programs includes subheadings for NIST organizational division or subject areas. Covers: electronics and electrical engineering; manufacturing engineering; chemical science and technology; physics; materials science and engineering; building and fire research and information technology.
