Download or read book Movements and Habitat Selection of Moose in the Swan Hills Alberta written by David Alan Best and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Thermoregulation and Roads on the Movements and Habitat Selection of Moose in Massachusetts written by David William Wattles and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Massachusetts, U.S.A. is located along the southern boundary of the geographic range of moose (Alces alces) in North America. This is an atypical environment for moose, because of its extremely high levels of human development and high year-round temperatures, which are possibly at the limits of moose physiological tolerances. I investigated the role of these two factors on moose movements and habitat selection to determine how human development of the landscape and temperature influence moose occupation of this extreme environment. In addition, the response of moose to these factors provides insights into the influence of development and temperature on individual fitness and population persistence. Thermal conditions in Massachusetts were consistently higher than the reported physiological tolerances of moose, and higher than parts of the range where high temperatures have negatively affected moose reproduction and survival. Moose greatly reduced their selection of open foraging habitat and increased selection for thermal shelters as temperatures increased above upper critical limits; this same pattern was apparent when comparing day (warmer) to night (cooler) activities. A strong transition in the use of habitats occurred at dawn and dusk, which corresponded to peaks in hourly movement rates at these times, indicating a transition in state from foraging at night to bedding during the day. The ability of moose to adapt to this extreme thermal environment through thermoregulatory behaviors reveals the limitations of predicting species distributions based solely on theoretical temperature tolerances. Massachusetts has one of the highest rates of moose-vehicle collisions (MVCs) per-capita moose and resulting human fatalities. The majority (86%) of MVCs occurred on roads with high speed limits and traffic volumes, and occurred on these roads at much higher rates than would be predicted based on their availability on the landscape. The dense road network in Massachusetts had a strong negative effect on the movements and habitat selection patterns of moose. Moose avoided crossing roads and greatly reduced their use near roads. Road avoidance increased with increasing disturbance intensity associated with higher traffic volumes and busier times of day. Roadways reduced habitat availability and connectivity, were a major source of additive mortality for moose.
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Winter Habitat Selection Winter Diet and Seasonal Distribution Mapping of Moose Alces Alces Shirasi in Southeastern Wyoming written by Phillip E. Baigas and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter (01 Jan - 15 Apr) habitat selection by Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) within individual home ranges was investigated using global positioning (GPS) collars on 23 adults (7 M, 16 F) during 2 winters (2005, 2006) of differing snow pack in the Snowy Range of the Medicine Bow mountains, southeastern Wyoming. Although wide variation was observed among animals, moose commonly selected for riparian shrub, deciduous forest, and mixed forest cover types. Mixed mountain shrub was occupied extensively by several moose and was used more often towards the end of winter, as moose tended to minimize movements and increasingly use other cover types in place of riparian shrub. Differences in selection ratios between sexes were not detected for any cover type and differences between years were minimal among moose collared both winters. Diets of moose during winter were also investigated through fecal analysis. Willow (Salix spp) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) composed a mean 60% and 30% of moose diets, respectively, with the remaining 10% comprised mostly antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus), or Saskatoon serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia). Diets were more diverse in the year of less snow pack. Patterns of habitat selection by collared moose did not differ between winters, as would be expected if forage availability differed considerably between years. This was likely because moose GPS locations did not overlap fecal collection sites and forage item selection within those sites occurs at a different scale than the selection of cover types within home ranges. A literature-based winter habitat suitability index (HSI) model was developed from common geographic information system (GIS) layers and scrutinized with GPS locations of sampled moose. However, the HSI model was poorly predictive of winter habitat occupancy. More accurate resource selection function (RSF) models were constructed by integrating moose GPS locations with more refined GIS data layers. Numerous vegetative, topographic and distance variables were calculated across the study area and were used in a forward stepwise general linear regression model to identify important components of moose habitat during winter and non-winter seasons. Distance to forest edge and distance to deciduous forest were significant predictors in both seasons. Slope also influenced habitat use year-round, although slope2 was a factor in the winter model. While distance to riparian shrub was predictive of moose habitat occupancy during winter, the total area of riparian shrub within a circular 1 km radius was a better determinant of summer habitat use. The combination of variables in the winter model accounts for the distribution of willow, subalpine fir, mountain mahogany and antelope bitterbrush, in proximity to forest cover. The non-winter model demonstrated the nearly exclusive importance of riparian shrub habitat in proximity to thermal cover across a wider range of elevations than during winter. A technique was employed to make spatial calculations of the potential range capacity for moose using the winter RSF map predictions observed within individual moose winter home ranges. A wide range of capacity estimates were computed by adjusting the minimum habitat quality and maximum size parameters observed in moose winter ranges. Because not all moose are energetically capable of occupying the maximum observed home range size or competing for the highest quality habitat, more sensible estimates were produced using the mean winter home range quality and size inputs.
Download or read book A Bibliography of Alberta Mammalogy written by D. M. Ealey and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists 3791 references for unpublished and published reports, articles and books relating to the mammalogy of Alberta, up to and including 1985.
Download or read book Wild Mammals of North America written by George A. Feldhamer and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-11-19 with total page 1250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents
Download or read book Habitat Selection Condition and Survival of Shiras Moose in Northwest Wyoming written by Scott A. Becker and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal movements, habitat selection, physiological health, and demography of Shiras moose (Alces alces shirasi) were studied in the Jackson Valley of northwest Wyoming. Moose congregated on low-elevation ranges during winter and migrated to more dispersed, mid-elevation ranges during summer. Moose selected winter habitat dominated by deciduous shrubs, whereas they selected summer habitat that was more variable. Blood parameters indicated that moose were in moderate physical condition. Ultrasonic rump fat measurements were relatively high, but there were indications of nutritional deficiencies. Diseases and parasites appeared to have minimal population-level effects. Population modeling suggested that the moose population was more likely to be declining than stable or increasing and the population growth rate was influenced primarily by late-winter and early-spring adult female mortality. Pregnancy rates were high, but calf production was relatively low. Neonate and annual calf survival were relatively high. Habitat quality appeared to be the primary factor limiting population growth while the effects of predation appeared to be less important.
Download or read book Status Movements and Habitat Use of Moose in Massachusetts written by David William Wattles and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moose (Alces alces) have been re-established in much of the historic range in the northeastern United States. Recently the southern edge of the species ranges has been extended southward into southern New England and northern New York from established populations in northern New England. The southern expansion raised questions as to the ability of this northern species to cope with higher temperatures, areas densely populated by humans, and different forest types further south. In light of these recent developments, we conducted a literature search on moose in the northeastern United States and distributed a questionnaire and conducted phone interviews with biologists responsible for moose management across the region to determine the status and management of moose in New England and New York. Furthermore, in 2006 we initiated a study on the home ranges, movements, and habitat use of moose in Massachusetts. We captured and collared moose with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars to track their movements in the Commonwealth. The surveys and interviews with the state biologists revealed that moose populations appeared to be stabilizing in southern New England. However, the moose population continued to grow in northern New York. Moose populations in northern New England were managed with an annual fall harvest, but moose hunting was not allowed in southern New England or New York. Throughout the region moose vehicle collisions were a major concern (>1,000 occur each year) including several that resulted in human fatalities. The collaring study has revealed the importance of maintaining a variety of forest cover types, age classes, and wetland habitats to meet the seasonal needs of moose, including early successional habitats created by logging that appear to be important for moose. Mean home range sizes were 64.9 km2 (SE = 12.9) and 73.3 km2 (SE = 9.4), respectively, for females and males in central Massachusetts, and 164.5 km2 (SE = 62.6) for males in western Massachusetts. Moose often interacted with roads and human development on the uplands, but used less developed areas of their home ranges. This demonstrates the importance of preserving the integrity and connectivity of the forested landscape of Massachusetts.
Download or read book Proceedings Second International Moose Symposium written by Görgen Göransson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ungulate Migrations of the Western United States written by Matthew J. Kauffman and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Wildlife Techniques Manual written by Nova J. Silvy and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2020-07-28 with total page 1401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The #1 selling wildlife management book for 40 years, now updated for the next generation of professionals and students. Since its original publication in 1960, The Wildlife Techniques Manual has remained the cornerstone text for the professional wildlife biologist. Now fully revised and updated, this eighth edition promises to be the most comprehensive resource on wildlife biology, conservation, and management for years to come. Superbly edited by Nova J. Silvy and published in association with The Wildlife Society, the 50 authoritative chapters included in this work provide a full synthesis of methods used in the field and laboratory. Chapter authors, all leading wildlife professionals, explain and critique traditional and new methodologies and offer thorough discussions of a wide range of relevant topics. To effectively incorporate the explosion of new information in the wildlife profession, this latest edition is logically organized into a 2-volume set: Volume 1 is devoted to research techniques and Volume 2 focuses on pragmatic management methodologies. Volume 1 describes research design and proper analytic methods prior to conducting research, as well as methods and considerations for capturing and handling wild animals and information on identification and marking of captured animals. It also includes new chapters on nutritional research and field sign identification, and on emerging topics, including structured decision-making. Finally, Volume 1 addresses measurements of wildlife abundance and habitat and research on individual animals. Volume 2 begins with a section on the relationship between research and management including public outreach, described in a context that encourages engagement prior to initiation of management. An adaptive management approach is described as a cornerstone of natural resource management, followed by a section on managing landscapes and wildlife populations. The volume also includes new chapters on ethics in wildlife science and conservation, conflict resolution and management, and land reclamation. A standard text in a variety of courses, the Techniques Manual, as it is commonly called, covers every aspect of modern wildlife management and provides practical information for applying the hundreds of methods described in its pages. This deft and thorough update ensures that The Wildlife Techniques Manual will remain an indispensable resource, one that professionals and students in wildlife biology, conservation, and management simply cannot do without.
Download or read book The Migration Ecology of Birds written by Ian Newton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-02 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Migration Ecology of Birds, Second Edition covers all aspects of this absorbing subject, including migratory processes, problems of navigation and vagrancy, timing and physiological control of migration, large-scale movement patterns, the effects of recent climate change, the problems that migrants face, and the factors that limit their populations. This book provides a thorough and in-depth review of the state of the science, with the text supplemented by abundant tables, maps and diagrams. Written by a world-renowned avian ecology and migration researcher, this book reveals the extraordinary adaptability of birds to the variable and changing conditions across the globe. This book represents the most updated and detailed review of bird migration, its evolution, ecology and bird physiology. Written in a clear and readable style, it will appeal not only to migration researchers in the field and ornithologists, but to anyone with an interest in this fascinating subject. Features updated and trending ecological aspects, including various types of bird movements, dispersal and nomadism, and how they relate to food supplies and other external conditions Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, a glossary, and a bibliography of more than 3,000 up-to-date references Written by an active researcher with a distinguished career in avian ecology, including migration research
Download or read book Introduction to Stochastic Processes with R written by Robert P. Dobrow and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to stochastic processes through the use of R Introduction to Stochastic Processes with R is an accessible and well-balanced presentation of the theory of stochastic processes, with an emphasis on real-world applications of probability theory in the natural and social sciences. The use of simulation, by means of the popular statistical software R, makes theoretical results come alive with practical, hands-on demonstrations. Written by a highly-qualified expert in the field, the author presents numerous examples from a wide array of disciplines, which are used to illustrate concepts and highlight computational and theoretical results. Developing readers’ problem-solving skills and mathematical maturity, Introduction to Stochastic Processes with R features: More than 200 examples and 600 end-of-chapter exercises A tutorial for getting started with R, and appendices that contain review material in probability and matrix algebra Discussions of many timely and stimulating topics including Markov chain Monte Carlo, random walk on graphs, card shuffling, Black–Scholes options pricing, applications in biology and genetics, cryptography, martingales, and stochastic calculus Introductions to mathematics as needed in order to suit readers at many mathematical levels A companion web site that includes relevant data files as well as all R code and scripts used throughout the book Introduction to Stochastic Processes with R is an ideal textbook for an introductory course in stochastic processes. The book is aimed at undergraduate and beginning graduate-level students in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. The book is also an excellent reference for applied mathematicians and statisticians who are interested in a review of the topic.
Download or read book The Bison of Yellowstone National Park Illustr written by Margaret Mary Meagher and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Animal Dispersal written by N.C. Stenseth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4.1.1 Demographic significance Confined populations grow more rapidly than populations from which dispersal is permitted (Lidicker, 1975; Krebs, 1979; Tamarin et at., 1984), and demography in island populations where dispersal is restricted differs greatly from nearby mainland populations (Lidicker, 1973; Tamarin, 1977, 1978; Gliwicz, 1980), clearly demonstrating the demographic signi ficance of dispersal. The prevalence of dispersal in rapidly expanding populations is held to be the best evidence for presaturation dispersal. Because dispersal reduces the growth rate of source populations, it is generally believed that emigration is not balanced by immigration, and that mortality of emigrants occurs as a result of movement into a 'sink' of unfavourable habitat. If such dispersal is age- or sex-biased, the demo graphy of the population is markedly affected, as a consequence of differ ences in mortality in the dispersive sex or age class. Habitat heterogeneity consequently underlies this interpretation of dispersal and its demographic consequences, although the spatial variability of environments is rarely assessed in dispersal studies.
Download or read book Ecological Regions of North America written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents a first attempt at holistically classifying and mapping ecological regions across all three countries of the North American continent. A common analytical methodology is used to examine North American ecology at multiple scales, from large continental ecosystems to subdivisions of these that correlate more detailed physical and biological settings with human activities on two levels of successively smaller units. The volume begins with an overview of North America from an ecological perspective, concepts of ecological regionalization. This is followed by descriptions of the 15 broad ecological regions, including information on physical and biological setting and human activities. The final section presents case studies in applications of the ecological characterization methodology to environmental issues. The appendix includes a list of common and scientific names of selected species characteristic of the ecological regions.
Download or read book Wildlife Science written by Timothy E. Fulbright and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-06-20 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciously or not, wildlife managers generally act from a theoretical basis, although they may not be fully versed in the details or ramifications of that theory. In practice, the predictions of the practitioners sometimes prove more accurate than those of the theoreticians. Practitioners and theoreticians need to work together, but this proves di
