Download or read book Movement Habitat and Area Usage of a Resident Flock of Giant Canada Geese Branta Canadensis Maxima in the Land Between the Lakes Region of Western Kentucky written by Michael J. Massey and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Space use and Movement of Canada Geese in Response to Hunting Pressure and Anthropogenic Land Use written by Karen Brzezinski and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American landscape has changed drastically over the last century through the conversion of wetlands, grasslands, and forests to intensive agriculture and urban development to meet human needs. Increased human use of the landscape affects wildlife's access to resources, behavior, and survival. Understanding wildlife behavior in relation to direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbance is necessary to develop appropriate and effective land use policies, management regulations, and conservation plans. The direct effects of anthropogenic disturbance can result from human recreation activities, such as ecotourism, wherein species tend to increase vigilance, stress hormones, and flight distance when humans are present. Anthropogenic disturbance affects wildlife indirectly through land conversion, which can disconnect habitats, thwart dispersal, and limit population size and range. However, some species have managed to thrive in human-dominated landscapes, like waterfowl that take advantage of fallow croplands and turfgrass monocultures for reliable food sources. For prey species, predation avoidance exerts a strong influence on behavior and space use. The landscape of fear describes an individual's cognitive map that incorporates perceived cyclical temporal and spatial variations in predation risk across the landscape. Further, the predation risk allocation hypothesis suggests that animals allocate feeding and anti-predator efforts variably in response to predation risk, trading-off between foraging and vigilance behavior based on perceived risk. Prey species may also perceive some sources of anthropogenic disturbance as a component of the landscape of fear. For example, a grouse species in Europe (Tetrao urogallus) exhibited decreased activity in suitable habitats with higher levels of recreation. For game species, hunters are part of an animal's landscape of fear. Hunting pressure has direct impacts on individuals through harvest and may have indirect impacts on behavior, such as changes in movement rates, habitat preference, and decreased foraging efficiency that reduces body condition. Hunting-related changes in activity and space-use patterns have been documented in a variety of species and environmental settings. In ungulate populations, researchers have observed hunting-related increases in movement rates with no corresponding changes in habitat selection, and it has been suggested that the magnitude of response is related to variation in exposure to risk. Many waterfowl species have also demonstrated measurable but inconsistent changes in landscape use and activity in response to hunting. For example, studies showed that hunting, whether from fixed (e.g., stationary blind) or mobile (e.g., boat) points prompted waterfowl to leave a site immediately but did not decrease overall abundance at the site. Providing waterfowl with access to undisturbed refuges has been identified as an effective management tool to buffer the effects of anthropogenic disturbance, and waterfowl have been shown to move to refuges during the hunting season. Waterfowl's response to anthropogenic disturbance, including hunting, has been studied across a wide range of species and regions, often using direct observation or low-frequency tracking, which has limited the scope of inference. However, management of waterfowl remains a key focus of many hunter-affiliated conservation organizations and government agencies, and additional research using modern techniques is necessary for effective population management. Importantly, despite hunter retention and recruitment decreasing in recent decades, hunting remains a primary source of funding for state and federal wildlife conservation and management programs. In Pennsylvania, hunting-related purchases contribute one billion dollars to gross domestic product annually. Goose hunting in Pennsylvania accounts for a large portion of goose hunting in the eastern U.S. Geese (Anser spp and Branta spp.) harvested in Pennsylvania comprise approximately 20% of geese harvested within the Atlantic Flyway. The Pennsylvania Game Commission operates Wildlife Management Areas, which are specifically managed to create hunting opportunities and increase game species by providing quality breeding and foraging habitat and undisturbed areas of refuge. Two management-related goals of this study were to understand how resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) move across the landscape during the hunting season and which habitat characteristics support nesting and foraging year-round, which can guide management decisions that maximize both goose abundance and hunting opportunities. Further, we aimed to expand our understanding of the landscape of fear by evaluating how this game species navigates the trade-off between threats and resources during the hunting season. By fitting resource selection functions and hidden Markov models to analyze fine-scale telemetry data from non-migratory geese that use carefully managed hunting areas, we will improve our understanding of Canada goose movement and habitat use with respect to hunting disturbance. The results will not only provide information about effective population management, but also provide insights into behavioral adaptations for predator avoidance.
Download or read book Canada Geese of the Atlantic Flyway written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behavioral and Physiological Changes of Giant Canada Geese Branta Canadensis Maxima Prior to Spring Migration written by Murray Robert McLandress and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Arctic Ecosystems in Peril written by Bruce D. J. Batt and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nesting Giant Canada Geese of Southeastern Lower Michigan written by Richard Marvin Kaminski and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giant Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima) are year-around residents in the Huron River Valley of southeastern Lower Michigan. The flock originated from maxima stock that were either released or escaped from private waterfowl collections during the mid-1920's. A study was made during the spring and summer of 1974 to determine the flock's breeding range, to quantitatively describe the nesting habitat, to estimate the size of the breeding population, its productivity, and survival of goslings to fledging.
Download or read book The Giant Canada Goose written by Harold Carsten Hanson and published by Carbondale, Ill. : Southern Illinois University Press. This book was released on 1965 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes present knowledge of North America's largest game bird.
Download or read book Population Dynamics and Habitat Selection of Resident Urban Canada Geese Branta Canadensis written by Elizabeth Ray and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Populations of resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) that nest and reside within the contiguous United States have increased at a rate of 7.9% per year to over 3.5 million over the last few decades. Enlarged population levels have resulted in conflicts between geese and humans, including property damage and human health and safety concerns. Noticeable growth of the population of Canada geese in the Indian Bend Wash area of Scottsdale, AZ has been observed in recent years sparking concern that this population will continue to grow at high rates as seen in other urban areas throughout North America. This study was initiated to determine the current population structure, distribution, and productivity of this population of resident geese. During the 2009 to 2010 post-breeding molt, 255 geese were captured and affixed with neck collars allowing individual identification. I conducted surveys from October 2008 to September 2010 and calculated weekly population estimates from mark recapture survey data using the Lincoln-Peterson method. Productivity was also investigated. Nesting was largely limited to one island within the study area, suggesting geese preferentially nest in insular areas to avoid human disturbance. Despite limited nesting opportunities, there was a significant population increase of 15 to 25% from 2009 to 2010 based on population estimates. Goose movement patterns indicate this population has a high level of site fidelity to nesting and molting areas, as has been found in other studies of resident Canada geese. I suggest that management should be implemented to 1) reduce the current population of resident geese through adult removal and 2) limit future recruitment into the population through control of reproduction and habitat modification.
Download or read book Managing Canada Geese in Urban Environments written by Arthur E. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you're a parks manager, waterfront property owner or golf-course superintendent, you may be dealing with one of the drawbacks of the Canada goose success story - resident, nonmigratory geese. As Canada goose numbers have soared in recent years, so have complaints about urban goose problems - primarily goose droppings, overgrazing and trampling of vegetation, and aggressive behavior toward humans. Managing Canada Geese in Urban Environments is a 42-page guide to legal, effective ways of persuading problem geese to go elsewhere. The guide includes an overview of goose biology and behavior, but most of the text is devoted to management and control techniques, arranged by their physical impact on the geese. The techniques range from basic (quit feeding the birds) to extensive - habitat modification, hazing and scaring techniques, chemical repellents, control of reproduction, and removal. For example, the habitat section reviews fences and overhead wires and grids, plant and rock barriers, and modification of vegetation, shorelines, islands and ponds. The hazing discussion covers noisemakers such as fireworks and propane cannons, goose scarecrows and other visual scare techniques, and dogs trained to patrol for geese. Tables provide a quick summary of timing, cost, necessary permits, strengths and weaknesses of each technique. The guide also discusses the human and political dimensions of urban goose management, and how to develop an integrated management strategy. It lists on-line information sources, as well as contact information for equipment suppliers and wildlife control agencies. "Urban Canada goose populations have increased dramatically in both numbers and distribution over the past 10 to 15 years. Almost any body of water, especially in southeast Wisconsin, can expect geese, if they aren't there already, " says co-author Scott Craven, extension wildlife ecologist at UW-Madison's College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. "Small numbers of geese are attractive and highly desirable, but it's very easy to quickly experience too much of a good thing. Information on living with geese has not been readily available, and some 'solutions' may have little chance of actual success. The guide provides would-be goose managers with the information they need to address a very complex urban wildlife problem." (http://www.cals.wisc.edu/media/news/02_99/goose_doo.html).
Download or read book History and Ecology of the Canada Geese Wintering Near Rock Prairie Wisconsin written by Scott R. Craven and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1960, the flock of giant Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima)wintering at Rock Prairie, Wisconsin has declined from a mean of 3,000 in 1960-72 to 1,500-2,000 in 1973-74 and 1974-75. With the development of major concentrations of geese near the Horicon National Wildlife Refuge, 55 miles north, the use of Rock Prairie by migrating interior Canada geese (B.c. interior) in the fall has virtually ceased. Nesting habitat, mostly boreal forest on the Canadian shield in southeastern Manitoba, as a total environment, appears marginal. Breeding pair density observed on aerial surveys was 0.013 pairs per square mile. Leucocytozoon has been a major mortality factor of the goslings, claiming up to 50 percent of the annual production at the Alf Hole Provincial Sanctuary which supports the only known concentration of nesting geese associated with Rock Prairie. Hunting pressure has been intense in the Rock Prairie area and mortality at Rock Prairie has approached 10-15 percent of the ensui.
Download or read book 1979 Nesting Survey of the Resident Giant Canada Goose Flock at Land Between the Lakes written by John E. Culp and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Regions of North America written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents a first attempt at holistically classifying and mapping ecological regions across all three countries of the North American continent. A common analytical methodology is used to examine North American ecology at multiple scales, from large continental ecosystems to subdivisions of these that correlate more detailed physical and biological settings with human activities on two levels of successively smaller units. The volume begins with an overview of North America from an ecological perspective, concepts of ecological regionalization. This is followed by descriptions of the 15 broad ecological regions, including information on physical and biological setting and human activities. The final section presents case studies in applications of the ecological characterization methodology to environmental issues. The appendix includes a list of common and scientific names of selected species characteristic of the ecological regions.
Download or read book A Contextual Analysis of the Vocalizations of Giant Canada Geese written by Jason Andrew Klabon and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are among the most thoroughly studied animals on earth. While many aspects of Canada goose biology are well known, several areas of their complex social behaviors are not. One of these areas is their vocalizations, possibly the most universally recognized of all their features.
Download or read book The Influence of Coyotes on an Urban Canada Goose Population in the Chicago Metropolitan Area written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have become common in many urban areas, often creating nuisance problems for human residents. The presence of urban geese has raised concerns about the spread of disease, increased erosion, excessive noise, eutrophication of waterways, and general nuisance problems. Goose populations have grown due to an increase in urbanization resulting in an abundance of high quality food (urban grass) and suitable nesting sites, as well as a decrease in some predators. I monitored nest predation in the Chicago suburbs during the 2004 and 2005 nesting seasons using 3 nest monitoring techniques to identify predators: video cameras, plasticine eggs, and sign from nest using a classification tree analysis. Of 58 nests monitored in 2004 and 286 in 2005, only raccoons (Procyon lotor) and coyotes (Canis latrans) were identified as nest predators. Raccoons were responsible for 22-25% of depredated nests, but were rarely capable of depredating nests that were actively defended by a goose. Coyotes were responsible for 75-78% of all Canada goose nest depredation and were documented killing one adult goose and feeding on several others. The coyote is a top-level predator that had increased in many metropolitan areas in recent years. To determine if coyotes were actively hunting geese or eggs during the nesting season, I analyzed coyote habitat selection between nesting and pre-nesting or post-nesting seasons. Coyote home ranges (95% Minimum Convex Polygon) were calculated for 19 coyotes to examine third order habitat selection related to goose nest abundance. A 100 m buffer (buffer habitat) was created and centered on each waterway edge and contained 90% of all nests. Coyotes showed selection for habitats during all seasons. Buffer habitat was the top ranked habitat in both pre-nesting and nesting seasons, but dropped to third ranked in post-nesting season. Habitat selection across seasons was compared using a repeated measures MANOVA. Habitat selection between pre-nesting and nesting seasons (P=0.72) were similar, while between post-nesting and nesting seasons there was a nearly significant difference (P=0.07). The insignificant change in habitat use across seasons suggests that coyotes did not switch habitat use to take advantage of goose nests. Alternatively, the change in ranking of buffer habitat across seasons suggests that coyotes may have switched habitat use to take advantage of goose nests. The results are not clear as large individual variation between coyotes due to differences in habitat availability, and social status interfere with the results of the analysis. Even though I failed to find strong support for coyotes actively hunting goose nests, they nevertheless were the primary nest predator in the area and may influence Canada goose populations. To determine the potential influence of coyotes on the Canada goose population, I created a Canada goose matrix population model that included variables such as coyote predation on adults and nests as well as coyote influence on nest desertion. Using the base population model I calculated the Canada goose population to be increasing with [lambda] = 1.055. The removal of all coyote influence on the goose population would allow [lambda] to increase to 1.214. Nest predation was the most important factor related to coyotes: the removal of coyote nest predation from the model resulted in a population growth rate [lambda] = 1.157. Modeling results suggest coyotes are serving as a limiting factor for the Canada goose population within the Chicago metropolitan area.
Download or read book Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases written by and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 1999 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Migration and Wintering Ecology of the Aleutian Canada Goose written by Dennis W. Woolington and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
