Download or read book Morphology property Relationship for Binary Organic Thin Films written by Alyssa Lynn Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic thin films can be readily mass-produced through solution-based fabrication methods including ink-printing and solution-casting because their light weight, flexibility, and inexpensive sources. Their applications range from organic field-effect transistors (OFET), organic solar cells (OSC), to organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared with pure component films, binary organic thin films (BOTF) allows for novel characteristics and specialized features to handle more demanding tasks. Due to the complex intermolecular interactions in BOTF, various microscopic phases with different morphological and electronic properties may be formed and this information is difficult to extract through conventional bulk measurements. Organic thin films can be readily mass-produced through solution-based fabrication methods , including ink-printing and solution-casting because their light weight, flexibility, and inexpensive sources. Their applications range from organic field-effect transistors (OFET), organic solar cells (OSC), to organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared with pure component films, binary organic thin films (BOTF) allow for novel characteristics and specialized features to handle more demanding tasks. Due to the complex intermolecular interactions in BOTF, various microscopic phases with different morphological and electronic properties may be formed , and this information is difficult to extract through conventional bulk measurements. This study focused on investigating the binary mixture of DH6T and PCBM thin films on HOPG through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Kelvin Probe Force Microscope (KPFM). Films of pure DH6T and pure PCBM and their mixture films were systematically analyzed to reveal topography and surface potential of different phases. This study found a vertical packing system of pure DH6T on HOPG surface in island forms. PCBM had a full coverage on the substrate with occasional pits which had been seen in previous studies. When adding different concentrations of PCBM to DH6T, the islands had changes in height as well as the presence of new morphology features that possibly consist of mostly PCBM. With this study, further analysis via annealings as well as energy minimization simulations may deepen our understanding about molecular interactions of the DH6T/PCBM mixture at a microscopic scale.

Download or read book Characterization of Organic Thin Films written by Abraham Ulman and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1995 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization of Organic Thin Films will help materials scientists, physicists, chemists, and biologists develop a fundamental understanding of structure-properties relationships which in turn makes possible molecular engineering of advanced materials and opens new opportunities in molecular manufacturing.

Download or read book Evolution of Thin Film Morphology written by Matthew Pelliccione and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-29 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this book is on modeling and simulations used in research on the morphological evolution during film growth. The authors emphasize the detailed mathematical formulation of the problem. The book will enable readers themselves to set up a computational program to investigate specific topics of interest in thin film deposition. It will benefit those working in any discipline that requires an understanding of thin film growth processes.

Download or read book Organic Thin Films and Surfaces Directions for The Nineties written by Abraham Ulman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of Thin Films has been one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science consisting of 20 volumes since 1963. The series contains some of the highest quality studies of the properties ofvarious thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of todays science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, beginning with Volume 20, will move beyond the basic physics of thin films. It will address the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.Edited by Abraham Ulman, Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for the Nineties will be the first volume to link two dynamic areas in the physical sciences--organic thin films and surface science. Contributions from leading experts in the field cover a range of important topics on the processing, characterization, and applications of organic thin films.

Download or read book Thin Film Morphology Control by Electronic and Chemical Interactions written by Dezheng Sun and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of thin film growth involve interdependent chemical, electronic and mechanical properties whose comprehensive understanding is critical for predicting thin film morphology and properties. Self assembly of organic molecules on a metal substrate lays the groundwork for structures desired in nanotechnology applications. The three classes of films which I investigate are: monolayer MoS2 with strong Mo-S bonding, anthracene films formed by weak van der Waals interactions, and anthraquinine (AQ) honeycomb networks assembled by the interplay of local hydrogen bonding and substrate-mediated long range interactions. In this book, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and angular resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (ARUPS) have been used to investigate monolayer and sub-monolayer thin films grown on a Cu(111) substrate. My research focuses on the use of STM, XPS and ARUPS to investigate the role of ionic bonding, van der Waals interaction, hydrogen bonding and surface mediated interactions during growth of thin films and how to tailor the film morphology by controlling these interactions.

Download or read book Organic Thin Films written by C. W. Frank and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains papers from an April 1997 symposium held in San Francisco, California. Contributions are divided into sections with initial emphasis on structures (monolayers, supramolecular assemblies, and nanostructures) followed by applications (photonics, microlithography, and microelectronics packaging). Specific topics include polymer- supported biomembrane models, glass transition in ultrathin polymer films, mechanistic studies of chemically amplified resists, and polymeric organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book A Study on Structure property Relationships of P3HT based Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaic Devices written by Bobak Gholamkhass and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this research is to investigate structure-property relationships of a series of graft copolymers synthesized using a post-functionalization methodology in which non--conjugated segments are grafted onto a -conjugated polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene). Taking advantage of the synthetic methodology, electron-acceptor molecules of fullerene are covalently attached to azide-functionalized graft chains grown from the polymer backbone. The goal is to gain knowledge regarding how to control the development of nanostructure morphology in binary blends of photoactive materials used in thin film solar devices. The study was initiated in the context of an increasing interest in nanostructure-molecular assemblies for organic photovoltaics. Post-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene) and fullerene (C_60) were employed as the primary materials in the study. Poly(3-hexylthiophene), a benchmark material for organic electronics, is selected as the structure of choice for testing hypotheses, which includes measures to stablilize the morphology of the bulk heterojunction thin films and improve the durability of organic solar cells. In this thesis research, the synthetic approach to obtain a series of donor-acceptor graft copolymers is explored with an emphasis on controlling structural parameters such as graft chain density, length and nature of the functional groups for attaching the fullerene moieties. The research involved detailed synthetic, characterization and morphological studies of these donor- and acceptor-type materials used for solar devices. The individual effects of the several structural parameters that could influence the property systematically investigated. The research outcome demonstrates that performance of a bulk heterojunction solar device is very sensitive to the morphology of the photoactive layer. Specifically, a stable morphology was achieved through a solid state, thermal reaction that initiated covalent attachment of the azide-functionalized graft chains to fullerene, "locking-in" the preformed domains. By purposely locking in the nanostructure, it was shown that stabilization of the morphology enhanced the stability of the solar devices. In addition, a novel device architecture that took advantage of a robust photoactive layer/metallic interface was proposed. The new device architecture in combination with morphology stabilization led to substanial improvements in performance stability. Novel polymeric structures, synthetic advancements and device architecture were the highlights of this research allowing a true study of durability of organic photovoltaic devices.

Download or read book Nanofillers for Binary Polymer Blends written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanofillers for Binary Polymer Blends covers major advances in the field of polymer-blend nanocomposites. The book encompasses the fundamentals of polymer blends, various nanofillers, experimental techniques used in their fabrication, the characterization of various polymer blend nanocomposites, and theoretical evaluations of various properties. The properties and potential applications that have been achieved in various polymer blends by the addition of nanofillers are also highlighted. Applications for commercial products, including automotive parts, packaging, construction materials, biotechnology, medical devices, building materials, computer housings, car interiors, etc., are also covered in detail.This is an important reference source for materials scientists and engineers looking to increase their understanding of how nanofillers are being used in polymer blends. - Outlines the various types of nanofillers, explaining how the properties of each enhances the morphology, rheology, mechanical, dynamic mechanical, viscoelastic, electrical and thermal properties of polymer blends - Provides information on the theory, modeling and simulation of nano-filled polymer blends - Assesses the mechanism of selective localization of nanofillers in polymer blends, the effect of localization of nanofillers on the microstructure, and the relative performance of polymer blends

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Download or read book Morphology Function Relations and The Importance of The Texture of Thin Films in Organic Electronics written by Indunil Chathurangani Angunawela and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Study of Structure property performance Relationships for Organic Thin film Transistors and Polymeric Solar Cells written by Sheng Bi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic electronics has great potential for fabricating low cost, flexible and large-area devices. Despite the rapid development, several main challenges of the field need to be addressed in both organic conjugated polymer and small molecules based devices, including organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) and polymer solar cells (PSCs). This dissertation first explores two approaches to align small molecule crystals and improve surface coverage. The controlled evaporative self-assembly (CESA) method is combined with binary solvent system using small molecule SMDPPEH to control the crystal growth. By optimizing the two solvent ratios, well-aligned SMDPPEH crystals with significantly improved areal coverage were achieved. Also, polymer additives can be added into small molecule to control crystal alignment. As a result, mobilities are at least 10 times higher than that from spin-coated film. The SMDPPEH based OTFTs exhibit a mobility of 1.6×10-2 cm2/Vs, which is the highest mobility from SMDPPEH ever reported. The donor-acceptor vertical composition profile on the performance of the P3HT/PCBM based organic bulk heterojunction solar cells was studied. In this simulation study, variety of donor-acceptor vertical configurations was investigated for both regular and inverted PSC structures. The physical mechanisms behind the diversification of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and fill factor, and thus power conversion efficiency from various vertical configurations are explained. The effect of vertical composition profile from the study could serve as guidance for experimental optimization of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells. Also, morphology variation of ZnO electron transport layer from atomic layer deposition and sol-gel methods on the performance of organic inverted solar cells were investigated. AFM and SEM were utilized to characterize the morphology of ZnO thin films and nanorods so as to explain the efficiency difference. The final part of the work demonstrates one-step multi-layer pattern transfer to make organic solar cells on rigid and flexible substrates. A multi-layer inking and stamping, a cost-efficient, purely additive pattern transfer technique, was developed to fabricate PSCs. GLYMO is added into PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer and its effect on PSC performance and pattern transfer yield was investigated to reach overall PSC efficiency and high yield pattern transfer.

Download or read book Growth Structure and Morphology of Organic Thin Films written by Maryam Beigmohamadi and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-08-09 with total page 4061 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Four Volume Set comprehensively covers all renewable energy resources, including wind, solar, hydro, biomass, geothermal energy, and nuclear power, to name a few. In addition to covering the breadth of renewable energy resources at a fundamental level, this encyclopedia delves into the utilization and ideal applications of each resource and assesses them from environmental, economic, and policy standpoints. This book will serve as an ideal introduction to any renewable energy source for students, while also allowing them to learn about a topic in more depth and explore related topics, all in a single resource.Instructors, researchers, and industry professionals will also benefit from this comprehensive reference. - Covers all renewable energy technologies in one comprehensive resource - Details renewable energies' processes, from production to utilization in a single encyclopedia - Organizes topics into concise, consistently formatted chapters, perfect for readers who are new to the field - Assesses economic challenges faced to implement each type of renewable energy - Addresses the challenges of replacing fossil fuels with renewables and covers the environmental impacts of each renewable energy

Download or read book Polymer Morphology written by Qipeng Guo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-16 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology • Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography • Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites • Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials

Download or read book Recent Developments in Polymer Macro Micro and Nano Blends written by P.M. Visakh and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Developments in Polymer Macro, Micro and Nano Blends: Preparation and Characterisation discusses the various types of techniques that are currently used for the characterization of polymer-based macro, micro, and nano blends. It summarizes recent technical research accomplishments, emphasizing a broad range of characterization methods. In addition, the book discusses preparation methods and applications for various types of polymer-based macro, micro, and nano blends. Chapters include thermoplastic-based polymer & nano blends, applications of rubber based and thermoplastic blends, micro/nanostructures polymer blends containing block copolymers, advances in polymer-inorganic hybrids as membrane materials, synthesis of polymer/inorganic hybrids through heterophase polymerizations, nanoporous polymer foams from nanostructured polymer blends, and natural polymeric biodegradable nano blends for protein delivery. - Describes the techniques pertaining to a kind (or small number) of blends, showing specific examples of their applications - Covers micro, macro, and nano polymer blends - Contains contributions from leading experts in the field

Download or read book World Directory of Crystallographers written by Allan L. Bednowitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief historical account of the background leading to the publication of the first four editions of the World Directory of Crystallographers was presented by G. Boom in his preface to the Fourth Edition, published late in 1971. That edition was produced by traditional typesetting methods from compilations of biographical data prepared by national Sub-Editors. The major effort required to produce a directory by manual methods provided the impetus to use computer techniques for the Fifth Edition. The account of the production of the first computer assisted Directory was described by S.C. Abrahams in the preface of the Fifth Edition. Computer composition, which required a machine readable data base, offered several major advantages. The choice of typeface and range of characters was flexible. Corrections and additions to the data base were rapid and, once established, it was hoped updating for future editions would be simple and inexpensive. The data base was put to other Union uses, such as preparation of mailing labels and formulation of lists of crystallographers with specified common fields of interest. The Fifth Edition of the World Directory of Crystallographers was published in June of 1977, the Sixth in May of 1981. The Subject Indexes for the Fifth and Sixth Editions were printed in 1978 and 1981 respectively, both having a limited distribution.

Download or read book Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications written by Warren Herman and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-01-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes recent research in materials development, characterization techniques, and device development related to organic thin films for photonic applications.