Download or read book Morphological change in derivation The use of the two French suffixes ment and ure in English word formation by suffixation written by Esther Döringer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Erfurt (Philosophische Fakultät), course: Historical Perspective on Present Day English, language: English, abstract: The Norman Conquest in 1066 was not only an important event in the history of England, but also had a great impact on the English language (cf. e.g. Baugh & Cable 2004: 108 ff.; Faiß 1992: 68). Besides various other changes in the English language system, which will not be discussed here in further detail, many French words were borrowed into English. Some of the French suffixes contained in complex loan words subsequently became productive in English derivation (cf. e.g. Bauer 1993: 225 f.; Faiß 1992: 3; Marchand 1969: 210 f.). However, I argue that the ways in which these suffixes were employed in English word-formation vary greatly (cf. e.g. Marchand 1969: 210 f.). While some of the borrowed suffixes were extensively used in English derivation, others remained largely restricted. This will be illustrated by describing how the borrowed French suffixes -ment and -ure were integrated into the English system of word-formation. Special attention will be paid to the word class and etymological origin of the bases -ment and -ure were combined with. Although sociolinguistic factors might also influence how foreign suffixes were used in derivational processes of word-formation (cf. van Loon 2005: xiii), this term paper will focus on language-internal, morphological factors only.
Download or read book The French Influence on Middle English Morphology written by Christiane Dalton-Puffer and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics.
Download or read book On the History and Use of the Suffixes Ery Ry Age and Ment in English written by Fredrik Gadde and published by Blakiston Press. This book was released on 2008-02 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1897, this early works is a fascinating novel of the period and still an interesting read today. Contents include; The function of Latin, Chansons De Geste, The Matter of Britain, Antiquity in Romance, The making of English and the settlement of European Prosody, Middle High German Poetry, The 'Fox, ' The 'Rose, ' and the minor Contributions of France, Icelandic and Provencal, The Literature of the Peninsulas, and Conclusion..... Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900's and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwor
Download or read book Semantics and Word Formation written by Cynthia Lloyd and published by Studies in Historical Linguistics. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the integration into English of the five nominal suffixes -ment, -ance, -ation, -age and -al, which entered Middle English via borrowings from French, and which now form abstract nouns by attaching themselves to various base categories, as in cord/cordage or adjust/adjustment. The possibility is considered that each suffix might individually affect the general semantic profile of nouns which it forms. A sample of first attributions from the Middle English Dictionary is analysed for each suffix, in order to examine biases in suffixes towards certain semantic areas. It is argued that such biases exist both in real-world semantics, such as the choice of bases with moral or practical meanings, and in distinct aspects of the shared core meaning of action or collectivity expressed by the derived deverbal or denominal nouns. The results for the ME database are then compared with the use of words in the same suffixes across a selection of works from Shakespeare. In this way it can be shown how such tendencies may persist or change over time.
Download or read book English Morphology written by Juliane Heß and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-09-03 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: English Morphology, language: English, abstract: What is morphology? An easy answer would be: "It is a field of linguistics!" But it is far more complex then this reply reveals. The field of morphology studies and analyses the form of words by factorizing them into morphemes. These morphemes are the smallest units the word can be divided in. But what is the smallest unit of a word? This could also be a letter. There is one word missing, which makes the definition complete, namely 'meaning'. A proper definition of the term can be found in the OALD: "Morpheme: the smallest unit of meaning that a word can be divided into (827)." Words and morphemes are linguistic signs but even though the morpheme is considered a meaningful unit does not mean that every morpheme can be a word...
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Derivational Morphology written by Rochelle Lieber and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Derivational Morphology is intended as a companion volume to The Oxford Handbook of Compounding (OUP 2009) Written by distinguished scholars, its 41 chapters aim to provide a comprehensive and thorough overview of the study of derivational morphology. The handbook begins with an overview and a consideration of definitional matters, distinguishing derivation from inflection on the one hand and compounding on the other. From a formal perspective, the handbook treats affixation (prefixation, suffixation, infixation, circumfixation, etc.), conversion, reduplication, root and pattern and other templatic processes, as well as prosodic and subtractive means of forming new words. From a semantic perspective, it looks at the processes that form various types of adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and verbs, as well as evaluatives and the rarer processes that form function words. The book also surveys derivation in fifteen language families that are widely dispersed in terms of both geographical location and typological characteristics.
Download or read book Morphological Productivity written by Ingo Plag and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1999 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with one of the central problems for theories of word-formation, the productivity of morphological processes. The productivity of these processes is assessed, using both text-based and dictionary - based measures (Cobuild corpus vs. Oxford English Dictionary). Implementing Optimality Theory and Jackendorff's Lexical Conceptual Semantics, a large number of 20th century neologisms extracted from the OED are investigated with regard to their phonological, morphological and semantic characteristics. On the theoretical level the proposed analysis presents evidence against the separation of meaning and form in derivational morphology and for a sign-based, output-oriented model instead.
Download or read book On the History and Use of the Suffixes written by Fredrik Gadde and published by Kessinger Publishing. This book was released on 2008-06-01 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.
Download or read book Introduction to English Derivational Morphology written by Theodore M. Lightner and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to give an indication of the extent of derivational morphology in English; of how much immanent, internal structure must be presumed for words -- even apparently simplex ones. This is done by showing that three (morpho-)phonological processes which tend to hide surface sound-meaning relationships must be taken into account when constructing a synchronic grammar of Modern English: ablaut, obstruent shift, and vowel shift.
Download or read book The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology written by Laurie Bauer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive description of English word formation covers inflection and derivation, compounding, conversion, and minor processes such as subtractive morphology. It combines theory-neutral presentation of data with theoretically informed analysis. Winner of the 2015 Bloomfield Book Award and written by three outstanding scholars, this is a vital reference for all linguists.
Download or read book Heterogeneity in Word Formation Patterns written by Susanne Mühleisen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02-03 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postulated word-formation rules often exclude formations that can nevertheless be found in actual usage. This book presents an in-depth investigation of a highly heterogeneous word-formation pattern in English: the formation of nouns by suffixation with -ee. Rather than relying on a single semantic or syntactic framework for analysis, the study combines diachronic, cognitive and language-contact perspectives in order to explain the diversity in the formation and establishment of -ee words. It also seeks to challenge previous measurements of productivity and proposes a new way to investigate the relationship between actual and possible words. By making use of the largest and most up-to-date electronic corpus – the World Wide Web – as a data source, this research adds substantially to the number of attested -ee words. It furthermore analyses this word-formation pattern in different varieties of English (British vs. American English; Australian English). Due to the multiplicity of approaches and analyses it offers, the study is suitable for courses in English word-formation, lexicology, corpus linguistics and historical linguistics.
Download or read book Suffixation in Middle Englisch with particular regard to derivational suffixation exemplified on Chaucer s Physician s Tale written by Martin Klinkhardt and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-06-07 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1 (A), LMU Munich (Institute for English Philology), course: international advanced seminar over "Middle English lexicology, computer-assisted", language: English, abstract: The English language has been very productive at all times in the area of word formation. English has, in fact, the reputation of a very creative language because of the many ways in which new words and expressions can be coined. When we look at a language to examine the processes of word formation, it seems reasonable to begin by scanning a discrete text which stems from a particular period of the language for all phenomena of word formation. Then it becomes necessary to focus on one particular type of formation, to analyse and explain it. In this paper, I discuss Middle English derivational suffixation. The textual basis for this is The Physician's Tale, a part of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. While I try to include as many types of derivational suffixation as possible, I will omit zero-derivation, which is discussed in another paper by a fellow member of the Hauptseminar. Double suffixation will be looked at, too. I also venture a brief look at the use Computational Linguists make of morphological analysis.
Download or read book Heterogeneity in Word formation Patterns written by Susanne Muehleisen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postulated word-formation rules often exclude formations that can nevertheless be found in actual usage. This book presents an in-depth investigation of a highly heterogeneous word-formation pattern in English: the formation of nouns by suffixation with "-ee." Rather than relying on a single semantic or syntactic framework for analysis, the study combines diachronic, cognitive and language-contact perspectives in order to explain the diversity in the formation and establishment of "-ee" words. It also seeks to challenge previous measurements of productivity and proposes a new way to investigate the relationship between actual and possible words. By making use of the largest and most up-to-date electronic corpus the World Wide Web as a data source, this research adds substantially to the number of attested "-ee" words. It furthermore analyses this word-formation pattern in different varieties of English (British vs. American English; Australian English). Due to the multiplicity of approaches and analyses it offers, the study is suitable for courses in English word-formation, lexicology, corpus linguistics and historical linguistics."
Download or read book Beyond Morphology Interface Conditions on Word Formation written by Peter Ackema and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-10-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book English Historical Morphology and Word formation written by Klaus Faiss and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Constructional Account of Verb Forming Suffixation written by Jacqueline Laws and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The range of meanings expressed by derivatives formed by the attachment of the four principal verb-forming suffixes - ate, - en, - ify and - ize has been the subject of extensive analysis for over two decades. From a descriptive perspective, the research reported in this volume constitutes the most comprehensive usage-based analysis of verbal derivatives available to date and provides register-based and diachronic comparisons of usage and distribution patterns across corpora of spoken English. The semantic analysis adopts the seven well-established semantic categories of verbal derivatives and extends the set to twenty by including further meaning classes documented in the morphological literature and additional senses that emerged from the contextualized analysis of complex verbs in the datasets. From a theoretical standpoint, the novel approach involves the explicit linking of affix schemas to argument structure constructions, and proposes a unified model of verb-forming suffixation that accounts for the multi-functional characteristics of verbal derivatives, from a constructional perspective.
Download or read book Constraints on Suffixation written by Adam Wójcicki and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a generative study of a number of English and Polish processes of suffixation. It focuses on various constraints on such processes. The allomorphy of English inflection is shown to follow from language-specific constraints on syllable structure. English derivational suffixes are shown to be crucially sensitive to the morphological make up of their bases - the majority fails to attach to a suffixed stem, while the rest attaches to a well-defined subset of all suffixed stems. Thus some major tenets of the current mainstream generative theory of the lexicon (Affix Ordering Generalization and Bracket Erasure Convention) are called into question. A detailed discussion of verbalizing processes of contemporary Polish reveals that rules of suffixation are subject to constraints on their bases the proper formulation of which specially involves the distinction root/stem. Markedly distinct characteristics of root-based and stem-based morphological rules are thoroughly discussed. The productive deverbal morpholocial processes in Polish are shown to require access to more than one component formative in the base, which seriously undermines some constraints advanced in the literature (Adjacency condition, Atom condition).
