Download or read book Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Data Processing and Infrasound written by Zoltan A. Der and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-05-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 10, 1996, The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Copmprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This volume presents certain recent research results pertaining on methods used to process data recorded by instruments of the International Monitoring System (IMS) and addressing recording infrasound signals generated by atmospheric explosions. Six papers treating data processing provide an important selection of topics expected to contribute to improving our ability to successfully monitor a CTBT. Five papers concerning infrasound include descriptions of ways in which that important research area can contribute to CTBT monitoring, the automatic processing of infrasound data, and site conditions that serve to improve the quality of infrasound data.
Download or read book Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-09-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 24, 1996, President Clinton signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty at the United Nations Headquarters. Over the next five months, 141 nations, including the four other nuclear weapon statesâ€"Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdomâ€"added their signatures to this total ban on nuclear explosions. To help achieve verification of compliance with its provisions, the treaty specifies an extensive International Monitoring System of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic, and radionuclide sensors. This volume identifies specific research activities that will be needed if the United States is to effectively monitor compliance with the treaty provisions.
Download or read book Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by Frode Ringdal and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2002-09-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This set of 7 volumes contains research papers focusing on seismic event location, hydroacoustics, regional wave propagation and crustal structure, source processes and explotion yield estimation, surface waves, seismic event discrimination and identification, data processing, and infrasound in the CTBT context.
Download or read book Comprehensive Nuclear Test ban Treaty ctbt written by Ed. K.R. Gupta and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 1999 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There Has Been A Lively Debate, For The Last Three Years, On The Question Whether Or Nor India Should Sign The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty [Ctbt]. In Spite Of Great Importance Of The Subject For National Security, The Full Text Of Ctbt Is Not Easily Available. The Present Book Fulfills This Gap. This Will Enable The Experts And The Common Man To Have Better Understanding Of The On-Going Debate On The Subject. The Editor Contends That India Should Not Sign Such A Discriminatory And Inequitable Treaty. Signing Of Such A Treaty Would Hinder India S Efforts To Safeguard Its Security.It Is Hoped That The Book Would Be Of Great Value To The Researchers And Students Of Defence Studies, Parliamentarians, Senior Executives Concerned With Defence And The Common Readers.
Download or read book Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by and published by United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. This book was released on 1998 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detect and Deter Can Countries Verify the Nuclear Test Ban written by Ola Dahlman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can countries verify compliance with the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) and detect and deter violations? It is in their interest to increase their verification readiness because the assessment of compliance with the treaty rests with states parties to the CTBT. The treaty provides countries with two verification elements: an international system of monitoring stations, and an on-site inspection regime. The monitoring system can detect nuclear explosions underground, in the atmosphere and under water. This book provides incentives to nations around the world on how they can organize their efforts to verify compliance with the CTBT and how they can collaborate with other countries, perhaps on a regional basis, to monitor areas of concern. Such focused efforts can improve their detection and deterrence capabilities through precision monitoring. The book addresses the CTBT verification from the perspective of countries. It shows how they can create the essential tools for the assessment of the large amounts of data available from the verification regime and other sources, including observations from satellites and thousands of stations outside of the treaty regime. Countries can also use current scientific and technological developments to assist them in verifying compliance with the treaty. The book offers political and scientific analysis on the evolution of the treaty over the years. The book is intended for professionals in the political, diplomatic, scientific and military fields who deal with international security, non-proliferation and arms control. It is also intended for non-governmental organizations and journalists seeking a better understanding of the nuclear test ban issue and how states can verify compliance with the treaty.
Download or read book Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies written by Alexis Le Pichon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-19 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of infrasound to monitor the atmosphere has, like infrasound itself, gone largely unheard of through the years. But it has many applications, and it is about time that a book is being devoted to this fascinating subject. Our own involvement with infrasound occurred as graduate students of Prof. William Donn, who had established an infrasound array at the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (now the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) of Columbia University. It was a natural outgrowth of another major activity at Lamont, using seismic waves to explore the Earth’s interior. Both the atmosphere and the solid Earth feature velocity (seismic or acoustic) gradients in the vertical which act to refract the respective waves. The refraction in turn allows one to calculate the respective background structure in these mediums, indirectly exploring locations that are hard to observe otherwise. Monitoring these signals also allows one to discover various phenomena, both natural and man-made (some of which have military applications).
Download or read book The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-29 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews and updates the 2002 National Research Council report, Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This report also assesses various topics, including: the plans to maintain the safety and reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile without nuclear-explosion testing; the U.S. capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions; commitments necessary to sustain the stockpile and the U.S. and international monitoring systems; and potential technical advances countries could achieve through evasive testing and unconstrained testing. Sustaining these technical capabilities will require action by the National Nuclear Security Administration, with the support of others, on a strong scientific and engineering base maintained through a continuing dynamic of experiments linked with analysis, a vigorous surveillance program, adequate ratio of performance margins to uncertainties. This report also emphasizes the use of modernized production facilities and a competent and capable workforce with a broad base of nuclear security expertise.
Download or read book Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Research and Development FY95 96 Program Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for the United States Government's (USG) research and development (R & D) functions for monitoring nuclear explosions in the context of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This responsibility includes the November 1993 transfer of the Department of Defense's (DoD) CTBT R & D responsibility to DOE. The DOE research program builds on the broad base of USG expertise developed historically and includes R & D for detecting, locating, identifying, and characterizing nuclear explosions in all environments. The Office of Research and Development (NN-20), within the Department of Energy's Office of Nonproliferation and National Security, formulates and executes the efforts necessary to meet the Department's responsibilities. The following DOE laboratories as a team will support NN-20 in implementing the program plan: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories. DOE has committed to a cooperative program that draws upon the core competencies of the national laboratories and upon the strengths of other government agencies and the private sector (academia and industry). The integration of resources under a common direction will allow the program to be flexible and responsive to changing technical and policy requirements while maximizing the effectiveness of funding appropriations. DOE will develop and demonstrate appropriate technologies, algorithms, procedures, and integrated systems in a cost-effective and timely manner. The program comprises seismic, radionuclide, hydroacoustic, and infrasound monitoring; on-site inspection; space-based monitoring; and automated data processing elements.
Download or read book The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by Keith A. Hansen and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief historical and analytical understanding of the difficulties encountered in negotiating and implementing the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and their implications for efforts to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Includes full text of the treaty and supplementary materials.
Download or read book Nuclear Test Ban written by Ola Dahlman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear tests have caused public concern ever since the first such test was conducted, more than six decades ago. During the Cold War, however, con- tions were not conducive to discussing a complete ban on nuclear testing. It was not until 1993 that negotiations on such a treaty finally got under way. From then on, things moved relatively quickly: in 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). To date, the Treaty has been signed by 178 states and ratified by 144, though it has yet to enter into force, as nine out of 44 ‘‘Annex 2 states’’, whose ratification is mandatory, have not heeded the call. Nevertheless, the CTBT verification system is already provisionally operational and has proven its effectiveness. We commend the CTBT organisation in Vienna for its successful efforts to build a verification network. This book is an excellent overview of the evolution of the CTBT and its verification regime. The authors are eminent scholars from the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden who have been intimately involved with the CTBT and its verification agency, the CTBTO Preparatory Commission, from their inc- tion to the present day. They have written a thorough and engaging narrative of the long road that led to the CTBT. Their story will appeal to both the layman and the expert and provide useful lessons for future negotiations on disarmament issues.
Download or read book Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon the considerable existing body of technical material related to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, the National Academy of Sciences reviewed and assessed the key technical issues that arose during the Senate debate over treaty ratification. In particular, these include: (1) the capacity of the United States to maintain confidence in the safety and reliability of its nuclear stockpile in the absence of nuclear testing; (2) the nuclear-test detection capabilities of the international monitoring system (with and without augmentation by national systems and instrumentation in use for scientific purposes, and taking into account the possibilities for decoupling nuclear explosions from surrounding geologic media); and (3) the additions to their nuclear-weapons capabilities that other countries could achieve through nuclear testing at yield levels that might escape detection, and the effect of such additions on the security of the United States.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 21st Seismic Research Symposium written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contain papers prepared for the 21st Seismic Research Symposium: Technologies for Monitoring The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, held 21-24 September 1999 in Las Vegas, Nevada. These papers represent the combined research related to ground-based nuclear explosion monitoring funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC), Department of Defense (DoD), the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO), and other invited sponsors. The scientific objectives of the research are to improve the United States capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions. The purpose of the meeting is to provide the sponsoring agencies, as well as potential users, an opportunity to review research accomplished during the preceding year and to discuss areas of investigation for the coming year. For the researchers, it provides a forum for the exchange of scientific information toward achieving program goals, and an opportunity to discuss results and future plans. Paper topics include: seismic regionalization and calibration; detection and location of sources; wave propagation from source to receiver; the nature of seismic sources, including mining practices; hydroacoustic, infrasound, and radionuclide methods; on-site inspection; and data processing.
Download or read book Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies written by Alexis Le Pichon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first volume “Infrasound monitoring for atmospheric studies” published in 2010, significant advances were achieved in the fields of engineering, propagation modelling, and atmospheric remote sensing methods. The global infrasound network, which consists of the International Monitoring Network (IMS) for nuclear test ban verification completed by an increasing number of regional cluster arrays deployed around the globe, has evidenced an unprecedented potential for detecting, locating and characterizing various natural and man-made sources. In recent years, infrasound has evolved into a broad interdisciplinary field encompassing academic disciplines of geophysics and innovative technical and scientific developments. The advances in innovative ground-based instruments, including infrasound inversions for continuous observations of the stratosphere and mesosphere, provide useful insights into the geophysical source phenomenology and atmospheric processes involved. Systematic investigations into low-frequency infrasound signals and the development of complementary observational platforms point out new insights into the dynamics of the middle atmosphere which play a significant role in both tropospheric weather and climate. This monitoring system also provides continuous relevant information about natural hazards with high societal benefits, like on-going volcanic eruptions, surface earthquakes, meteorites or severe weather. With this new edition, researchers and students benefit from a comprehensive content of both fundamental and applied inter-disciplinary topics.
Download or read book Multi Sensor Data Fusion Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) calls for the establishment of networks of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic, and radionuclide sensors to monitor the earth for unannounced underground, underwater, and atmospheric nuclear tests. Seismic processing at the prototype International Data Center (pIDC) has been operating continuously since the GSETT-3 experiment that started in late 1994. Seismic is the most mature of the four monitoring technologies in automatic processing and interactive analysis. The other three technologies are in an earlier stage of development and evaluation. Since late 1996, efforts have been made under the Multi-Sensor Data Fusion project funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) to integrate hydroacoustic and infrasonic monitoring technologies into the existing pIDC automatic processing and interactive review framework. Signal processing of hydroacoustic and infrasonic waveform data was integrated into the pIDC monitoring system, and network processing was enhanced to include two hydroacoustic phase types, H-phase (in-water generated) and T-phase (underground generated) and one additional infrasound phase, I. A joint bulletin including the three waveform technologies is produced at the pIDC on a continuous basis. The bulletin includes arrivals from natural and man-made events recorded by all three sensor types. Enhancements have been made to the travel-time handling system to take into account temporal variations which may be significant for both acoustic technologies. When no specific travel time tables are available for a station, a default constant velocity model is used which makes the software ready for network expansion in the three waveform technologies. Case studies, network simulations and results from the pIDC operational system were used to normalize and evaluate the capability of data fusion in the pIDC monitoring system.
Download or read book Enhancements to the CTBTO Operational Automatic Infrasound Processing System written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) is exploring methods to enhance the current operational infrasound processing system at the International Data Centre (IDC) for infrasound data recorded by the International Monitoring System (IMS). Several enhancements are under development and are currently being tested. The first enhancement is the incorporation of methods for determining signal amplitude. The following signal amplitudes are being determined for each infrasound detection: peak-to-peak amplitude, root mean squared (RMS) amplitude, and instantaneous amplitude as revealed by the analytic trace via the Hilbert Transform. Initial efforts consider a variety of frequency bands, with the utility in network processing being of primary importance. A second enhancement is the incorporation of station noise characterization in terms of the power spectral density (PSD). This determines the noise field at each station for various times of day and as a function of season. This information is useful in determining network detection capability.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings contain papers prepared for the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, held 23-25 September, 2008 in Portsmouth, Virginia. These papers represent the combined research related to ground-based nuclear explosion monitoring funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), US Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO), and other invited sponsors. The scientific objectives of the research are to improve the United States' capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions. The purpose of the meeting is to provide the sponsoring agencies, as well as potential users, an opportunity to review research accomplished during the preceding year and to discuss areas of investigation for the coming year. For the researchers, it provides a forum for the exchange of scientific information toward achieving program goals, and an opportunity to discuss results and future plans. Paper topics include: seismic regionalization and calibration; detection and location of sources; wave propagation from source to receiver; the nature of seismic sources, including mining practices; hydroacoustic, infrasound, and radionuclide methods; on-site inspection; and data processing.
