Download or read book Monitoring of Down hole Parameters for Early Kick Detection written by Ayesha Arjumand Nayeem and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sudden hydrocarbon influx from the formation into the wellbore poses a serious risk to the safety of the well. This sudden influx is termed a kick, which, if not controlled, may lead to a blowout. Therefore, early detection of the kick is crucial to minimize the possibility of a blowout occurrence. There is a high probability of delay in kick detection, apart from other issues when using a kick detection system that is exclusively based on surface monitoring. Down-hole monitoring techniques have a potential to detect a kick at its early stage. Down-hole monitoring could be particularly beneficial when the influx occurs as a result of a lost circulation scenario. In a lost circulation scenario, when the down-hole pressure becomes lower than the formation pore pressure, the formation fluid may starts to enter the wellbore. The lost volume of the drilling fluid is compensated by the formation fluid flowing into the well bore, making it difficult to identify the kick based on pit (mud tank) volume observations at the surface. This experimental study investigates the occurrence of a kick based on relative changes in the mass flow rate, pressure, density, and the conductivity of the fluid in the down-hole. Moreover, the parameters that are most sensitive to formation fluid are identified and a methodology to detect a kick without false alarms is reported. Pressure transmitter, the Coriolis flow and density meter, and the conductivity sensor are employed to observe the deteriorating well conditions in the down-hole. These observations are used to assess the occurrence of a kick and associated blowout risk. Monitoring of multiple down-hole parameters has a potential to improve the accuracy of interpretation related to kick occurrence, reduces the number of false alarms, and provides a broad picture of down-hole conditions. The down-hole monitoring techniques have a potential to reduce the kick detection period. A down-hole assembly of the laboratory scale drilling rig model and kick injection setup were designed, measuring instruments were acquired, a frame was fabricated, and the experimental set-up was assembled and tested. This set-up has the necessary features to evaluate kick events while implementing down-hole monitoring techniques. Various kick events are simulated on the drilling rig model. During the first set of experiments compressed air (which represents the formation fluid) is injected with constant pressure margin. In the second set of experiments the compressed air is injected with another pressure margin. The experiments are repeated with another pump (flow) rate as well. This thesis consists of three main parts. The first part gives the general introduction, motivation, outline of the thesis, and a brief description of influx: its causes, various leading and lagging indicators, and description of the several kick detection systems that are in practice in the industry. The second part describes the design and construction of the laboratory scale down-hole assembly of the drilling rig and kick injection setup, which is used to implement the proposed methodology for early kick detection. The third part discusses the experimental work, describes the methodology for early kick detection, and presents experimental results that show how different influx events affect the mass flow rate, pressure, conductivity, and density of the fluid in the down-hole, and the discussion of the results. The last chapter contains summary of the study and future research.

Download or read book Supervised Data driven Approach to Early Kick Detection During Drilling Operation written by Somadina Innocent Muojeke and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The margin between pore pressure and fracture gradient in new offshore discoveries continues to get narrower. This poses greater risks and higher cost of ensuring safety of lives, facilities, and the environment. The 2010 Macondo blowout has fueled increased interests in monitoring downhole parameter for early kick detection. Early detection of kick is important part of the process safety. It provides opportunity to activate safety measures. However, after an extensive literature search, certain gaps were identified in early kick detection research. This ranged from limited availability of downhole drilling data from oil fields with downhole pressure and flow measurements for research purposes to limited modelling efforts that applies machine learning to downhole measurements in the area of early kick detection. Leveraging machine learning is crucial because of the tremendous advancements in artificial intelligence and information technology. This research provides a simple design approach to build machine learning kick detection models. In the absence of field data, we collect data from existing and new experiments that records downhole measurements. A simple model is rewarding when data processing is done downhole. The hardware used is typically battery powered. Simpler and fewer software operations will lead to less power consumption, smaller memory and simpler cooling requirements. This will lead to an increase battery run time, miniaturized designs/reduced bulk size, reduced maintenance frequency for such hardware, improved response time and lower costs. In this thesis, we investigate the simplest supervised neural network-based machine learning kick detection system to ensure high reliability using experimental data. Building upon previous kick experiments conducted using a Small Drilling Simulator (SDS), we present a detailed design of a new kick experiment setup that uses a Large Drilling Simulator (LDS) and synthetic rock samples. We also provide a detailed design of synthetic rock sample with geometrical capability to trap high-pressure formation fluid within. The experiment setup produces new set of data from downhole parameter monitoring that will be used in testing the machine learning model. Parameters such as mud flow-out rate, conductivity, density, and downhole pressure from two previous drilling experiment that monitored downhole parameters are combined to build a data-driven model for early kick detection. This model combines an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a binary classifier at its output. Several input combinations are trained and tested. The model can be scaled to capture other types of drilling problems such as lost circulation and also applied in the LDS system. The model was tested and evaluated with data from the SDS system, SDS system with faulty conductivity data and different experimental drilling system. Abnormal pressure and flow regimes in the wellbore provide early warnings and are shown to be more significant parameters than others; however, solely relying on them can increase susceptibility to false alarm.

Download or read book Early Kick Detection Using Data driven Bayesian Network written by Nhat Minh Dinh and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety is one of the keys to success for offshore oil and gas development projects. Drilling operation becomes more and more complicated when moving to deeper water and harsher conditions, which requires a higher level of safety. Kick is an event that happens when the hydrostatic pressure of drilling mud is lesser than the formation pressure which let the formation fluid enter the wellbore. Detection of a kick event as soon as it happens will spare drillers more time to make decision and take necessary actions. An uncontrolled or unaware kick event may lead to a well blowout which causes major damage to infrastructure, could kill people and costs lots of money. The conventional method of kick detection entails monitoring surface parameters such as stand-pipe pressure, mud pit volume, changing in flow rate and other drilling parameters can lead to the delay in detection. Some recent studies have successfully proved the ability to employ downhole parameters to realize kick. The new methods show the robust results in detection and the improvement in detection time. Besides, data-driven Bayesian network (BN) has shown to solve the problem in historical data, which is usually available, unlike expensive, and insufficient, expert knowledge. This work presents the application of data-driven BN using downhole parameters to early kick detection. The work includes three main parts: 1) creating and testing a data-based Bayesian network based on historical experiment data and synthetic data; 2) designing drilling sample, setting up and conducting experiments with the new large drilling simulator (LDS); 3) validating the data-based Bayesian network with the data from the LDS experiment. Upon the success of this work, the developed BN model will serve an efficient and effective way to detect kick early, which will enable appropriate corrective actions. The new setup of experiment with LDS can be used to conduct further experimentation to simulate more complicated kick scenarios during drilling operation.

Download or read book Kick Detection at the Bit written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formation fluid influxes (i.e. kicks) pose persistent challenges and operational costs during drilling operations. Implications of kicks range in scale but cumulatively result in substantial costs that affect drilling safety, environment, schedule, and infrastructure. Early kick detection presents a low-cost, easily adopted solution for avoiding well control challenges associated with kicks near the bit. Borehole geophysical tools used during the drilling process as part of the logging-while-drilling (LWD) and measurement-while-drilling (MWD) provide the advantage of offering real-time downhole data. LWD/MWD collect data on both the annulus and borehole wall. The annular data are normally treated as background, and are filtered out to isolate the formation measurements. Because kicks will change the local physical properties of annular fluids, bottom-hole measurements are among the first indicators that a formation fluid has invaded the wellbore. This report describes and validates a technique for using the annular portion of LWD/MWD data to facilitate early kick detection using first order principles. The detection technique leverages data from standard and cost-effective technologies that are typically implemented during well drilling, such as MWD/LWD data in combination with mud-pulse telemetry for data transmission.

Download or read book Exploring Parameter Interactions and Deep Learning for Modeling Pressure Related Downhole Safety Conditions During Drilling written by Augustine Uhunoma Osarogiagbon and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drilling for petroleum is technically engaging, considering the potentially huge risk involved. Blowout due to uncontrolled kick represents a scenario that is to be avoided due to disastrous consequences, e.g. huge financial loss, environmental damage, and death of personnel. Kick occurrence can be prevented if the pore pressure is correctly estimated and the proper drilling mud weight employed. Pore pressure prediction is done in shale lithology; hence a fast means of proper lithology identification is important for pore pressure prediction. Monitoring downhole for pore pressure related hazard therefore includes but is not limited to: monitoring for kick occurrence, monitoring for abnormal pore pressure, and monitoring for changes in lithology for adequate pore pressure prediction. In the field of data science, deep learning is gaining significant interest, which is likely due to its potentials and successful applications. Researchers have begun to explore deep learning in several areas with close affinity to drilling engineering, such as lithology identification, drilling rig state determination, generating logging/other drilling parameters, detecting downhole events, and detecting abnormality in data. Therefore, this serves as a motivation to take advantage of deep learning capabilities in monitoring downhole conditions during drilling to prevent pore pressure based hazardous events. In this dissertation, a novel methodology for kick detection using drilling parameters is presented. Likewise, a novel methodology for predicting the shaliness of a rock formation using drilling parameters is also presented. These methodologies utilized deep learning algorithms in order to achieve the desired objectives. Results obtained using field data justified the development of methodologies with the capability to capture sequential dependencies. Cost represents a significant factor for utilizing drilling parameters in comparison to the use of highly sophisticated/expensive downhole sensors. As part of this dissertation, a novel approach for pore pressure prediction from porosity and resistivity measurement is presented. The aim of combining porosity and resistivity is to explore how the interrelationship between them can enhance pore pressure prediction. The methodology developed for combining porosity and resistivity performed better than the conventional approach based on field data. Machine learning was also employed for pore pressure prediction and better result was also achieved in comparison to conventional approach based on the same field data. In summary, this dissertation presents several novel methodologies for monitoring different aspects of downhole conditions from downhole lithology to downhole drilling events which are important for improved drilling safety.

Download or read book Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Coastal and Ocean Engineering written by Dong-Sheng Jeng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational and Experimental Simulations in Engineering written by Shaofan Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 1435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of computational engineering, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 29th International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences (ICCES), held in Shenzhen, China on May 26-29, 2023. ICCES covers all aspects of applied sciences and engineering: theoretical, analytical, computational, and experimental studies and solutions of problems in the physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, electrical, and mathematical sciences. As such, the book discusses highly diverse topics, including composites; bioengineering & biomechanics; geotechnical engineering; offshore & arctic engineering; multi-scale & multi-physics fluid engineering; structural integrity & longevity; materials design & simulation; and computer modeling methods in engineering. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

Download or read book Model based Estimation and Real time Data Analysis for Well Monitoring and Early Gas Kick Detection written by Marcellinus Azuka Ojinnaka and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas kicks and lost circulation during oil and gas drilling must be detected on time in order for well control remedies to be effective. The emergence of deepwater drilling also increases the risk of kicks and lost circulation due to narrower drilling margins than land or shallow wells. Hence, the safety of drilling operations and mitigation of the risk of blowouts hinge on the ability of the drilling crew to detect these undesirable events in their early stages in order to quickly bring the well under control. Kick detection methods in use are largely based on monitoring well data from sensors, or alternately, predicting kick variables using numerical models with input data from the well and then corroborating predictions with well sensor data. Where discrepancies occur, they are interpreted as indications of ongoing kick. But all sensors have inherent inaccuracies and no mathematical model is perfect. Also, kick indicators used are from topside sensors that have a lag time between kick occurrence downhole and sensor reading at the wellhead. Depending on the influx rate and the type of well being drilled, well control could prove unsafe by the time the kick is detected. The goal of the proposed research is to apply model-based estimation methods to kick and lost circulation detection during conventional drilling. Kick indicators are computed based on knowledge of the system evolution, process inputs, and process outputs. Early kick detection gives the well crew ample time to initiate well control procedures to bring the well under control and avoid blowouts or other complications. It also serves to minimize non-productive time and reduce the overall cost of drilling. The estimator accounts for uncertainties both in the system model and in well sensor data. Application of model-based estimation techniques to kick detection come with constraints imposed on the structure of the mathematical model by the limited number of measurements along the flow line in most drilling operations. This, along with high computational cost of numerical models call for low to medium order deterministic models that still capture the dominant effects of fluid flow during drilling. Thus, a single phase lumped parameter model for conventional drilling is developed using bond graphs. The model is then paired with several estimators to determine minimum variance estimates or best estimates of well state that serve as indicators for kicks when they occur, including a best estimate for kick volume. The estimators run in real time and is compatible with use as an online well monitoring tool in ongoing drilling operations

Download or read book Mud Logging Handbook written by Alun Whittaker and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Standard Handbook of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Volume 1 written by William C. Lyons and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1996-10-16 with total page 1450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum engineering now has its own true classic handbook that reflects the profession's status as a mature major engineering discipline. Formerly titled the Practical Petroleum Engineer's Handbook, by Joseph Zaba and W.T. Doherty (editors), this new, completely updated two-volume set is expanded and revised to give petroleum engineers a comprehensive source of industry standards and engineering practices. It is packed with the key, practical information and data that petroleum engineers rely upon daily. The result of a fifteen-year effort, this handbook covers the gamut of oil and gas engineering topics to provide a reliable source of engineering and reference information for analyzing and solving problems. It also reflects the growing role of natural gas in industrial development by integrating natural gas topics throughout both volumes. More than a dozen leading industry experts-academia and industry-contributed to this two-volume set to provide the best , most comprehensive source of petroleum engineering information available.

Download or read book Fault Detection Supervision and Safety for Technical Processes 1991 written by B. Freyermuth and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings provide a general overview as well as detailed information on the developing field of reliability and safety of technical processes in automatically controlled processes. The plenary papers present the state-of-the-art and an overview in the areas of aircraft and nuclear power stations, because these safety-critical system domains possess the most highly developed fault management and supervision schemes. Additional plenary papers covered the recent developments in analytical redundancy. In total there are 95 papers presented in these Proceedings.

Download or read book Proceedings of The Fourth International Technical Symposium on Deepwater Oil and Gas Engineering written by Baojiang Sun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the Fourth International Technical Symposium on Deepwater Oil and Gas Engineering & The Third International Youth Forum on Gas Hydrate, held in Qingdao, China in December 2021. The work focuses on the advancement of techniques for the deepwater oil and gas exploitation and natural gas hydrate exploitation. The book introduces new ideas for exploring deepwater oil and gas hydrate in a safe and efficient way. Advances of the natural gas hydrate pilot production in South China Sea, in oil and gas flow assurance and emerging technologies based on clathrate hydrate will be presented. It is a valuable resource for both practitioners and academics working in the field of deepwater oil and gas engineering.

Download or read book Kicks and Blowout Control written by Neal Adams and published by Pennwell Books. This book was released on 1994 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original 1980 release, Well Control Problems and Solutions, was the most advanced well control document of it time. It was the basis for the first well control school ever certified by regulatory authority under current guidelines. The many well control and blowout control achievements over the last 15 years necessitated the publishing of this second edition. Kicks and Blowout Control is the most complete book available on kicks, blowouts, and related well control topics. It contains state-of-the-art kick handling procedures and is the most advanced and complete reference on blowouts. No other book in today's industry offers the comprehensive nature of this text.

Download or read book Sustainable Natural Gas Drilling written by David Wood and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Natural Gas Drilling, the latest release in The Fundamentals and Sustainable Advances in Natural Gas Science and Engineering series, delivers many of the technical fundamentals needed in the natural gas industry with an additional sustainability lens. Introductory topics include underbalanced technologies, well integrity, and well trajectory. Advanced applications include utilizing nanoparticles to reduce environmental impact, and techniques to drill for underground gas storage and carbon capture operations. Supported by corporate and academic contributors along with two well-distinguished editors, Sustainable Natural Gas Drilling provides today’s natural gas engineers the knowledge to adjust current drilling practices in a more environmentally sustainable way. Accelerate emissions with case studies and visuals to illustrate how new principles can be applied in practical situations Understand innovative advances that are leading to improved environmental performance Bridge from theory to application with worldwide contributors representing academia and industry

Download or read book Proceedings of The Drilling Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Managed Pressure Drilling written by Bill Rehm and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With extraction out of depleted wells more important than ever, this new and developing technology is literally changing drilling engineering for future generations. Never before published in book form, these cutting-edge technologies and the processes that surround them are explained in easy-tounderstand language, complete with worked examples, problems and solutions. This volume is invaluable as a textbook for both the engineering student and the veteran engineer who needs to keep up with changing technology.

Download or read book Petroleum Engineering Handbook written by Larry W. Lake and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Petroleum Engineering Handbook has long been recognized as a valuable comprehensive reference book that offers practical day-to-day applications for students and experienced engineering professionals alike. Available now in 7 Volumes, Volume 1 covers General Engineering topics including chapters on mathematics, fluid properties (fluid sampling techniques; properties and correlations of oil, gas, condensate, and water; hydrocarbon phase behavior and phase diagrams for hydrocarbon systems; the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbon systems; and the properties of waxes, asphaltenes, and crude oil emulsions), rock properties (bulk rock properties, permeability, relative permeability, and capillary pressure), the economic and regulatory environment, and the role of fossil energy in the 21st century energy mix.