Download or read book Monitoring Microwave Ablation Treatments for Liver Tumors Using Ultrasound Elastography written by Wenjun Yang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver cancer is the sixth most common and the third leading cause of cancer related deaths world-wide. New cases and mortality in the U.S. have doubled during the past two decades, increasing at a rate of 3.4% per year from 2007 to 2011. Existing treatment methods for liver cancer include partial hepatectomy, embolization with chemotherapy, liver transplant, and percutaneous ablation. Percutaneous ablation is increasingly being adopted as an effective treatment method for liver cancer by thermal necrosis of cancerous tissue, with the advantage of promising treatment outcomes, and minimally invasive procedures. Previously percutaneous ablation was performed using radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which uses a local circuit loop to generate a thermal dose. To improve the heating rate and volume treated with RFA, microwave ablation (MWA) was introduced which heated local tissue by agitating water molecules using microwave energy. The key factor to yield a promising treatment outcome with MWA is to effectively monitor the ablation margin of the treated region. The guidance imaging modality for MWA, namely ultrasound B-mode imaging is not sufficient to delineate the ablated region after the MWA procedure. Thus, computed tomography (CT) is adopted as the current gold standard to determine the ablation margin by comparing the pre- and post- treatment images. However, CT scans prolong the treatment time and expose the patients to ionizing radiation. In this dissertation, an ultrasound elastography technique, which is referred to as electrode displacement elastography (EDE), is applied for monitoring clinical MWA procedures. By comparison with B-mode imaging and commercial acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI), EDE is potentially an alternative imaging modality to provide effective real-time feedback of the ablated margin, which might improve treatment outcomes with MWA. In addition, our previously introduced three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction algorithm, Sheaf of Ultrasound Planes Reconstruction (SOUPR) was applied for a phantom study to depict the ablation inclusion as a 3D volume instead of a single 2D ultrasound plane. An image fusion technique is also developed to register EDE and CT to determine the ablation margin on EDE with comparison to the current gold standard.
Download or read book Microwave Ablation Treatment of Solid Tumors written by Ping Liang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microwave ablation is a simple, affordable, and highly precise technique. After its successful application in treating liver tumors, it is now widely used to combat renal tumors, adrenal tumors, thyroid nodes, uterine fibroids and other solid tumors. This book presents 40 successful cases of treating these diseases. A series of picture before treatment, after treatment and from different angles is provided for each kind of tumor treatment. In each chapter, step by step operative techniques and illustrations are included. This book also examines CT, NMR and ultrasonography to evaluate the effect of microwave ablation. Editor Ping Liang, is the Director and Professor at Dept. of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China. Editor Xiaoling Yu is Professor and Chief physician, Editor Jie Yu is Associate Chief physician at the same department.
Download or read book Thermal Ablation Monitoring Using Ultrasound Echo Decorrelation Imaging written by Swetha Subramanian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal metastases (CRC) are common tumors worldwide with an increasing incidence in the United States. Thermal ablation techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), microwave and laser ablation techniques have shown potential to treat unresectable tumors. Still lacking is a treatment monitoring technique that can accurately predict ablation. Echo decorrelation imaging is a novel pulse-echo ultrasound imaging method that quantifies and maps changes in echo signals occurring over millisecond time scales during thermal ablation. In this dissertation, the utility of echo decorrelation imaging as a treatment monitoring tool was assessed during in vivo and in vitro thermal ablation. To test the utility of echo decorrelation imaging for the prediction of ablation, RFA was performed on ex vivo bovine liver ( N = 9). Echo decorrelation was computed from the Hilbert transformed pulse-echo data acquired during RFA treatments. For comparison, integrated backscatter was also computed from the same data. Pixel-by-pixel comparison between the echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter maps and the ablated region from gross tissue histology was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter were then quantitatively evaluated as predictors of ablation. The area under the ROC curves (AUROC) was determined for both echo decorrelation and integrated backscatter imaging methods. Ablation was predicted more accurately with echo decorrelation (AUROC = 0.820) than with integrated backscatter (AUROC = 0.668). To test the utility of echo decorrelation imaging for the prediction of ablation during in vivo thermal ablation, RFA was performed on normal swine liver ( N = 5) and ultrasound ablation using image-ablate arrays was performed on rabbit liver implanted with VX2 tumors ( N = 2). Consistent with the in vitro studies, ablation was predicted more accurately with echo decorrelation (AUROC = 0.833 and 0.776 for RFA and ultrasound ablation, respectively) than with integrated backscatter (AUROC = 0.733 and 0.494). Mean cumulative echo decorrelation was greater in the ablated tissue regions compared to the unablated regions for both in vitro ( t = 6.808, p = 6.10-6, N = 9) and in vivo ( t = 3.498, p = 0.036, N = 5) RFA treatments, indicating the ability of echo decorrelation to delineate between the ablated and unablated regions. For in vivo RFA, motion gating reduced the mean echo decorrelation in both ablated ( t = 3.526, p = 0.036, N = 5) and unablated ( t = 5.173, p = 0.013, N = 5) regions. However, with or without motion gating, the mean cumulative echo decorrelation was significantly greater in the ablated region than in the unablated region ( t = 3.883, p = 0.008, N = 5). The effect of tissue temperature on echo decorrelation was assessed during in vitro RFA. RFA experiments ( N = 15) were performed on ex vivo bovine liver tissue. Temperature maps were simulated by a finite element method, with tissue parameters determined using an unscented Kalman filter to best match measured ablation results. Significantly higher AUROC values ( p = 0.019, p = 10-14, p = 10-14) were obtained for the prediction of tissue temperatures greater than 40, 60, and 80° C with echo decorrelation (AUROC = 0.871, 0.948, and 0.966) when compared to integrated backscatter (AUROC = 0.865, 0.877, and 0.832). Overall, the results presented in this dissertation show potential for the utility of echo decorrelation imaging as a treatment monitoring tool.
Download or read book Stochastic Signal Processing Methods for Shear Wave Imaging Using Ultrasound written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. Percutaneous needle-based tumor ablation is a minimally invasive treatment method for liver tumors in patients that are not candidates for surgery. In order to prevent recurrence, it is crucial that the right volume of tissue and a safety margin around the tumor are completely ablated during treatment. Although magnetic resonance imaging and computed X-ray tomography are currently used for monitoring the procedure, ultrasound imaging is potentially safer and more cost-effective and can also provide real-time high frame rate imaging capabilities. Information about tissue stiffness obtained using ultrasound elastography can play an important role in locating the boundary of ablated tissue and help in planning and execution of the ablation procedure. The goal of this dissertation is to develop robust signal processing algorithms to delineate ablation boundaries based on stiffness variations estimated from high frame rate radiofrequency ultrasound echo data. Shear wave velocity is used as a surrogate for tissue stiffness. A method called electrode vibration elastography is used where the ablation needle is vibrated using an actuator and acts as a line source for shear waves. The shear wave pulse is tracked in the imaging plane as it travels laterally away from this line source. Model based denoising algorithms are developed to track the shear wave pulse and reconstruct two dimensional (2D) shear wave velocity images. In order to generate three dimensional (3D) visualizations of the ablated volume from 2D imaging planes, multiple 2D imaging slices are acquired in a sheaf geometry, with the ablation needle coinciding with the axis of the sheaf. Shear wave velocity information from the individual 2D imaging planes can be used to reconstruct transverse or C-planes that are stacked to generate a 3D visualization. The reconstruction is performed using a penalized least-squares algorithm. A computationally tractable iterative reconstruction algorithm that can handle 3D grids with millions of points is also developed.
Download or read book Irreversible Electroporation written by Boris Rubinsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-thermal irreversible electroporation is a new minimally invasive surgical p- cedure with unique molecular selectivity attributes – in fact it may be considered the first clinical molecular surgery procedure. Non-thermal irreversible electro- ration is a molecular selective mode of cell ablation that employs brief electrical fields to produce nanoscale defects in the cell membrane, which can lead to cell death, without an effect on any of the other tissue molecules. The electrical fields can be produced through contact by insertion of electrode needles around the undesirable tissue and non-invasively by electromagnetic induction. This new - dition to the medical armamentarium requires the active involvement and is of interest to clinical physicians, medical researchers, mechanical engineers, che- cal engineers, electrical engineers, instrumentation designers, medical companies and many other fields and disciplines that were never exposed in their training to irreversible electroporation or to a similar concept. This edited book is designed to be a comprehensive introduction to the field of irreversible electroporation to those that were not exposed or trained in the field before and can also serve as a reference manual. Irreversible electroporation is broad and interdisciplinary. Therefore, we have made an attempt to cover every one of the various aspects of the field from an introductory basic level to state of the art.
Download or read book Tumor Ablation written by Eric van Sonnenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an enormous sense of excitement in the communities of cancer research and cancer care as we move into the middle third of the ?rst decade of the 21st century. For the ?rst time,there is a true sense of c- ?dence that the tools provided by the human genome project will enable cancer researchers to crack the code of genomic abnormalities that allow tumor cells to live within the body and provide highly speci?c, virtually non-toxic therapies for the eradication,or at least ?rm control of human cancers. There is also good reason to hope that these same lines of inquiry will yield better tests for screening, early detection, and prev- tion of progression beyond curability. While these developments provide a legitimate basis for much op- mism, many patients will continue to develop cancers and suffer from their debilitating effects, even as research moves ahead. For these in- viduals, it is imperative that the cancer ?eld make the best possible use of the tools available to provide present day cancer patients with the best chances for cure, effective palliation, or, at the very least, relief from symptoms caused by acute intercurrent complications of cancer. A modality that has emerged as a very useful approach to at least some of these goals is tumor ablation by the use of physical or physiochemical approaches.
Download or read book Biomedical Engineering Challenges written by Vincenzo Piemonte and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important resource that puts the focus on the chemical engineering aspects of biomedical engineering In the past 50 years remarkable achievements have been advanced in the fields of biomedical and chemical engineering. With contributions from leading chemical engineers, Biomedical Engineering Challenges reviews the recent research and discovery that sits at the interface of engineering and biology. The authors explore the principles and practices that are applied to the ever-expanding array of such new areas as gene-therapy delivery, biosensor design, and the development of improved therapeutic compounds, imaging agents, and drug delivery vehicles. Filled with illustrative case studies, this important resource examines such important work as methods of growing human cells and tissues outside the body in order to repair or replace damaged tissues. In addition, the text covers a range of topics including the challenges faced with developing artificial lungs, kidneys, and livers; advances in 3D cell culture systems; and chemical reaction methodologies for biomedical imagining analysis. This vital resource: Covers interdisciplinary research at the interface between chemical engineering, biology, and chemistry Provides a series of valuable case studies describing current themes in biomedical engineering Explores chemical engineering principles such as mass transfer, bioreactor technologies as applied to problems such as cell culture, tissue engineering, and biomedical imaging Written from the point of view of chemical engineers, this authoritative guide offers a broad-ranging but concise overview of research at the interface of chemical engineering and biology.
Download or read book Tissue Elasticity Imaging written by S. Kaisar Alam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tissue Elasticity Imaging: Volume Two: Clinical Applications offers an extensive treatment of the fundamentals and applications of this groundbreaking diagnostic modality. Techniques and results are presented for the assessment of breast, prostate, heart, liver and thyroid tissues. For each application, details are provided on how to perform each technique, along with methods of interpretation, diagnostic criteria, quality assurance, challenges and case studies. This book is an essential resource for all researchers and practitioners (including scientists, radiologists, urologists, fellows and residents) interested in any elasticity imaging modality. As many diseases, including cancers, alter tissue mechanical properties, it is not always possible for conventional methods to detect changes, but with elasticity images that are produced by slow tissue deformation or low-frequency vibration, these changes can be displayed. Offers the first comprehensive reference on elasticity imaging Discusses the fundamentals of technology and their limitations and solutions, along with advanced methods and future directions Addresses the technologies and applications useful to both researchers and clinical practitioners Includes an online reference section regularly updated with advances in technology and applications
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases written by Mauro Monteiro Correia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-28 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed condition in oncology, affecting around 1.23 million individuals per year, according to recent statistics. Of these patients, about 50% will develop liver metastases and approximately 20% will present a stage IV disease at diagnosis. These statistics make colorectal liver metastases (CLM) an issue of major importance in current oncology. The area of CLM is subject to great and continuous advances, as its pathophysiologic mechanisms are better understood and more therapeutic and surgical options are developed. Consequently, all professionals involved with the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of CLM should be kept up to date with the latest advances on the field, to provide high standard medical care to their patients. This book is designed to present the state-of-the-art in CLM management and, in doing so, to review the current evidence on CLM, discussing all important topics in the field. Coverage is broad and comprehensive, encompassing introductory topics (history, definitions, epidemiology, etc.), basic science subjects (molecular biology, genetics, dissemination process, etc.) and practical clinical topics (tumor behavior, diagnosis, drug therapy, radiation therapy, surgery, ablation, multidisciplinary teams, etc.). Although comprehensive on the coverage and selection of topics, each chapter is concise and objective, dissecting topics in a practical and direct format. Evidences and recommendations are included. Chapters display a brief introduction of the common knowledge, go straight to the detailed revision of the most recent years of the literature, and end with practical closing observations. This book is a tool for professionals (general and cancer surgeons, HPB surgeons, clinical oncologists, gastroenterologists and medical residents) and interns who search for a qualified and reader friendly revision on topics concerning Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.
Download or read book Ultrasound Elastography written by Monica Lupsor-Platon and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elastography, the science of creating noninvasive images of mechanical characteristics of tissues, has been rapidly evolving in recent years. The advantage of this technique resides in the ability to rapidly detect and quantify the changes in the stiffness of soft tissues resulting from specific pathological or physiological processes. Ultrasound elastography is nowadays applied especially on the liver and breast, but the technique has been increasingly used for other tissues including the thyroid, lymph nodes, spleen, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, prostate, and the musculoskeletal and vascular systems. This book presents some of the applications of strain and shear-wave ultrasound elastography in hepatic, pancreatic, breast, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Download or read book Radiofrequency Ablation for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Minshan Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive guide to the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) using a minimally invasive technique: radiofrequency ablation (RFA). RFA has emerged as a new treatment modality and become the main modality of locoregional therapy. Extensive clinical research indicates that RFA is as effective as surgical resection for sHCC, and it has the advantage of being less invasive. However, the outcomes after RFA are largely dependent on the operators’ experience- known as the “learning curve”. This book presents the characteristics of sHCC and discusses why sHCC is the best candidate for RFA. Then it introduces all the commercially available RFA systems, and their working principles, advantages, disadvantages and so on. It goes on to demonstrate how to perform RFA under the guidance of ultrasound, CT, laparoscopy, or during open operation. Finally, it discusses the radiologic assessment and follow‐up after RFA, as well as adjuvant therapies and clinical trials on RFA. The authors are experts from the fields of pathology, radiology, surgery, and gastroenterology, as well as manufacturers. With this book, readers gain have a clear idea of when and how to do RFA. It aims to standardize and generalize the procedure of RFA, which will be very helpful in improving the outcome of RFA for sHCC.
Download or read book Ultrasound in Gastroenterology written by Paul A. Dubbins and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the series reflects the rapid advances that have occurred in the use of ultrasound in the investigation of gastroenterology diseases.
Download or read book Hepato Pancreato Biliary and Transplant Surgery written by Quyen D Chu and published by Beaux Books Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 1352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique textbook provides a concise and practical approach to clinical dilemmas involving the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree. Six major sections encompass (1) Hepatic, (2) Biliary, (3) Pancreas, (4) Transplantation, (5) Trauma, and (6) Innovative Technology. Each topic is written by recognized experts from an "e;experiential"e; viewpoint combined with evidence-based medicine. The book contains over 170 chapters and over 350 contributors. It is relevant to Surgical Oncologists, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) Surgeons, Transplant Surgeons, Traumatologists, HPB Interventionalists, General Surgeons, and trainees and students. The title of each chapter is in a form of a clinical scenario and each chapter begins with a Case Scenario and ends with Salient Points. Special debates are included in each section. There are numerous compelling images, detailed illustrations, comprehensive tables, thorough algorithms, and other adjunctive tools that enhance learning. The authors emanate from different corners of the world. The book is a valuable resource for faculty, students, surgical trainees, fellows, and all health care providers in the HPB/Trauma/Transplant/Oncology fields.
Download or read book The Application of Heat in Oncology written by Devashish Shrivastava and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE APPLICATION OF HEAT IN ONCOLOGY Understand the use of heat to destroy tumors with this comprehensive guide Heat is an indispensable resource in the destruction of cancerous tumors to potentially treat cancers. There are also real challenges, however, involved in the total destruction of tumors without destroying healthy tissue surrounding the tumor in the process. A detailed understanding of the propagation of thermal energy, induced heating, and tissue responses to heat is required to safely and successfully apply heat-based technologies in clinical oncology. The Application of Heat in Oncology supplies this understanding, with a thorough, comprehensive overview of the principle and practice involved. Offering both a detailed introduction to the physics and thermodynamics of induced heat and an analysis of its clinical applications, this is an essential resource for clinicians, technicians, and others in oncological practice. The Application of Heat in Oncology readers will also find: Guidelines for applying heat both safely and effectively Detailed discussion of topics including energy delivery (e.g., via RF, MW, ultrasound, laser, cryoagents, hyperthermia, nanoparticles, etc.), temperature assessment, damage assessment, image guidance, and more Summary of current practice along with suggestions for future areas of technological improvement The Application of Heat in Oncology is ideal for all clinicians working in the field of cancer treatment, including medical students, residents, researchers, engineers, radiologists, surgeons, and more.
Download or read book Multiparametric Ultrasound Diagnosis of Breast Diseases written by Gennady T. Sukhikh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This richly illustrated book provides a comprehensive overview of the use of current ultrasound techniques, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound and ultrasonic elastography, in the diagnosis of breast disease. The advantages and pitfalls of the various imaging modalities are identified, and it is explained how combined use of the modalities – multiparametric ultrasound – aids diagnosis and in particular assists in the differentiation of benign and malignant disease. Readers will find detailed description and illustration of the imaging appearances of age-related features (including in children and adolescents), the most important benign diseases, different forms of breast cancer, mammary gland pathology in the contexts of pregnancy and female reproductive system disease, chest gland pathology in males, and recurrent and metastatic disease. In addition, ultrasound-guided breast interventions and imaging of breast implants are discussed. Specialists in ultrasound diagnostics, radiologists, oncologists, and surgeons will all find this topical book to be both interesting and helpful in daily clinical practice.
Download or read book Learning Ultrasound Imaging written by Jose Luís del Cura and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-26 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a practical approach to the world of diagnostic ultrasound. It has been structured in a reader-friendly, case-based format that makes it easy and enjoyable to learn the basics of the applications and interpretation of ultrasound. Each case includes illustrations, descriptions of the imaging findings, and technical details and serves to identify the essential imaging features of the pathology under consideration, thus assisting the reader in the diagnosis of similar cases. The book is divided into 17 short chapters that review the most important areas of ultrasound application and also document the latest advances in the use of contrast and interventional ultrasound. The authors treat every topic from a “how to do it” perspective with the aim of imparting their wide experience in use of the technique. This book forms part of the Learning Imaging series for medical students, residents, less experienced radiologists, and other medical staff.
Download or read book Image guided Laser Ablation written by Claudio Maurizio Pacella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-28 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive guide to the technical basis of laser ablation, describing and reporting in detail on the latest findings. The world of medicine is currently working to reduce the invasiveness of treatment, in order to improve patients’ quality of life. Image-guided ablations are rapidly becoming an effective alternative to several surgical treatments. Among the many techniques available for ablation, laser is still not widely used, though its efficacy has been amply demonstrated. The scientific community is now showing a growing interest in laser techniques for image-guided ablations, and many physicians are willing to start using lasers in their clinical practice. The book is divided into 16 chapters, including historical notes, technical aspects, outcomes of ex-vivo experiments, and results of the application of this technique in various clinical scenarios. It will be of great interest to a broad range of physicians (interventional radiologists, surgeons, gastroenterologists, endocrinologists, urologists), from less experienced trainees to expert physicians who want to introduce a novel clinical practice.
