Download or read book Monitoring and Modeling of Water Flow and Solute Transport Under Different Manure Amendments in Hawaii written by Amjad A. Ahmad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet corn (Zea Mays L. subsp. mays) is one of the most popular and economically important crops in the world. However, its cultivation requires high inputs of nutrients through commercial fertilizers and/or organic manure amendments. Organic amendments (OA) improve soil fertility and other chemical and physical properties necessary to enhance crop production. Not enough information is available on the effect of OA on Hawaii soil water movement and nutrient concentration within and below crops root zone. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different OA types (chicken and dairy), rates (0, 168, 336, and 672 kg ha-1 total N equivalent), and number of applications (one and two time application) under sweet corn on: (1) macro- and micro-nutrient concentration within and below the root zone, (2) dry weight, macro- and micro-nutrient concentration in plant roots and shoots, (3) the values and relationship between nitrate (NO3--N) concentration within and below the root zone and relative chlorophyll content (RCC) in plant leaves, (4) sweet corn root distribution, and (5) the performance of Everglades Agro-Hydrology Model (EAHM) under Hawaii conditions. Three field experiments were conducted (one at Poamoho and two at Waimanalo Research Stations of the University of Hawaii) under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and Strip Plot Design with three replications. Real-time soil water content was monitored at 15 minutes intervals using multisensor capacitance soil water content monitoring system at 10, 20, 30, and 50 cm depths. Suction cup lysimeters were used to collect soil solutions from 30 and 60 cm depths. Soil solutions collected six times during each growing season, were analyzed for macro- and micro-nutrients, electrical conductivity (EC) and pH. Plant roots and shoots were sampled at the end of two growing seasons (Waimanalo trials only) and were analyzed for macro- and micro nutrients. Results showed a significant effect of OA types and rates on nutrient concentration within and below the root zone compared to define treatment at the two locations and during the three growing seasons. Two time application (TTA) of OA significantly increased NO3--N concentration within and below the root zone compared to one time application (OTA). Results showed a significant positive correlation between NO3--N concentration and EC of the soil solution. For the two Waimanalo trials, there was a significant effect of OA types, rates, and number of application on plant root and shoots dry weights, macro- and micro-nutrient accumulation in plant root and shoot tissues. Plant growth and nutrient accumulations were significantly higher for chicken manure (CM) under high application rates and TTA treatment. The application of CM and dairy manure (DM) increased the corn leaves RCC and NO3--N concentration within and below the root zone compared to control treatment. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between NO3--N concentration within the root zone and RCC, especially at certain growth stages. Sweet corn root distribution was significantly affected by the application of OA types and rates. There was significantly higher root density, total roots mass per plant, and percent root in soil under CM and DM compared to control treatment. The EAHM model performed reasonably well under Hawaii condition for soil water and NO3--N within and below the root zone. The simulated soil water content was slightly underpredicted compared to observed soil water content.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agronomy Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes abstracts of the annual meetings of the American Society of Agronomy; Soil Science Society of America; Crop Science Society of America ( - of its Agronomic Education Division).
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Setting and the Effects of Natural and Human related Factors on Water Quality and Aquatic Biota Oahu Hawaii written by Delwyn S. Oki and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Ground water Vulnerability to Contamination written by Michael J. Focazio and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Johannes Lehmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process. This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines.
Download or read book Improving Soil Fertility Recommendations in Africa using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer DSSAT written by Job Kihara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a detailed description of the application of DSSAT in simulating crop and soil processes within various Agro-ecological zones in Africa. The book, an output of a series of 3 workshops, provides examples of the application of DSSAT models to simulate nitrogen applications, soil and water conservation practices including effects of zai technology, phosphorus and maize productivity, generation of genetic coefficients, long-term soil fertility management technologies in the drylands, microdosing, optimization of nitrogen x germplasms x water, spatial analysis of water and nutrient use efficiencies and, tradeoff analysis. The minimum dataset requirements for DSSAT is discussed. This book arises from attempts to address the limited use of models in decision support by African agricultural (both soil scientist and agronomists) scientists.
Download or read book Exercises in Soil Physics written by Naftali Lazarovitch and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution written by Jacob Bear and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater constitutes an important component of many water resource systems, supplying water for domestic use, for industry, and for agriculture. Management of a groundwater system, an aquifer, or a system of aquifers, means making such decisions as to the total quantity of water to be withdrawn annually, the location of wells for pumping and for artificial recharge and their rates, and control conditions at aquifer boundaries. Not less important are decisions related to groundwater qUality. In fact, the quantity and quality problems cannot be separated. In many parts of the world, with the increased withdrawal of ground water, often beyond permissible limits, the quality of groundwater has been continuously deteriorating, causing much concern to both suppliers and users. In recent years, in addition to general groundwater quality aspects, public attention has been focused on groundwater contamination by hazardous industrial wastes, by leachate from landfills, by oil spills, and by agricultural activities such as the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides, and by radioactive waste in repositories located in deep geological formations, to mention some of the most acute contamination sources. In all these cases, management means making decisions to achieve goals without violating specified constraints. In order to enable the planner, or the decision maker, to compare alternative modes of action and to ensure that the constraints are not violated, a tool is needed that will provide information about the response of the system (the aquifer) to various alternatives.
Download or read book HST3D written by Kenneth L. Kipp and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Physics with HYDRUS written by David E. Radcliffe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical models have become much more efficient, making their application to problems increasingly widespread. User-friendly interfaces make the setup of a model much easier and more intuitive while increased computer speed can solve difficult problems in a matter of minutes. Co-authored by the software’s creator, Dr. Jirka Šimůnek, Soil Physics with HYDRUS: Modeling and Applications demonstrates one- and two-dimensional simulations and computer animations of numerical models using the HYDRUS software. Classroom-tested at the University of Georgia by Dr. David Radcliffe, this volume includes numerous examples and homework problems. It provides students with access to the HYDRUS-1D program as well as the Rosetta Module, which contains large volumes of information on the hydraulic properties of soils. The authors use HYDRUS-1D for problems that demonstrate infiltration, evaporation, and percolation of water through soils of different textures and layered soils. They also use it to show heat flow and solute transport in these systems, including the effect of physical and chemical nonequilibrium conditions. The book includes examples of two-dimensional flow in fields, hillslopes, boreholes, and capillary fringes using HYDRUS (2D/3D). It demonstrates the use of two other software packages, RETC and STANMOD, that complement the HYDRUS series. Hands-on use of the windows-based codes has proven extremely effective when learning the principles of water and solute movement, even for users with very little direct knowledge of soil physics and related disciplines and with limited mathematical expertise. Suitable for teaching an undergraduate or lower level graduate course in soil physics or vadose zone hydrology, the text can also be used for self-study on how to use the HYDRUS models. With the information in this book, you can run models for different scenarios and with different parameters, and thus gain a better understanding of the physics of water flow and contaminant transport.
Download or read book Riverbank Filtration written by C. Ray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chittaranjan Ray, Ph. D. , P. E. University of Hawaii at Mãnoa Honolulu, Hawaii, United States Jürgen Schubert, M. Sc. Stadtwerke Düsseldorf AG Düsseldorf, Germany Ronald B. Linsky National Water Research Institute Fountain Valley, California, United States Gina Melin National Water Research Institute Fountain Valley, California, United States 1. What is Riverbank Filtration? The purpose ofthis book is to show that riverbank filtration (RBF) isa low-cost and efficient alternative water treatment for drinking-water applications. There are two immediate benefits to the increased use of RBF: Minimized need for adding chemicals like disinfectants and coagulants to surface water to control pathogens. Decreased costs to the community without increased risk to human health. Butwhat,exactly, isRBF? In humid regions, river water naturally percolates through the ground into aquifers (which are layers of sand and gravel that contain water underground) during high-flow conditions. In arid regions, most rivers lose flow, and the percolating water passes through soil and aquifer material until it reaches the water table. During these percolation processes, potential contaminants present in river water are filtered and attenuated. If there are no other contaminants present in the aquifer or ifthe respective contaminants are present at lower concentrations, the quality of water in the aquifer can be ofhigher quality than that found in theriver. In RBF, production wells — which are placed near the banks ofrivers —pump large quantities ofwater.
Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation s Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
Download or read book Organic Matter and Rice written by and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1984 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
