Download or read book Molecular Phylogenetics of Stream Treefrogs of the Hyloscirtus Larinopygion Group Anura Hylidae and Description of Two New Species from Ecuador written by Luis A. Coloma and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Climate Change and Global Warming Research and Application 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Climate Change and Global Warming Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Aerosol Forcing. The editors have built Advances in Climate Change and Global Warming Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Aerosol Forcing in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Climate Change and Global Warming Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Phylogenetics Classification and Biogeography of the Treefrogs Amphibia Anura Arboranae written by William Edward Duellman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Frogs of Colombia Classic Reprint written by Doris M. Cochran and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Frogs of Colombia Gastrotheca Fitzinger G. Bufona, new species G. Cornutum (boulenger) G. Nicefori Gaige G. Medemi, new species G. Helenae Dunn G. Aureomaculata, new species G. Mertensi, new species G. Monticola argenteorirens (boettger) About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Hylid Frogs of Middle America written by William Edward Duellman and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Systematics of treefrogs of the Hypsiboas calcaratus and Hypsiboas fasciatus species complex Anura Hylidae with the description of four new species written by Marcel A. Caminer and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph presents a detailed review of the systematics of the species complex of Amazonian frogs Hypsiboas calcaratus – H. fasciatus. These frogs have a wide distribution in the Amazon basin and are a prominent component of scientific collections in the region. The review includes a phylogeny based on genetic evidence and also an integrative analysis of genetics, morphology and bioacoustics to determine species limits. The analysis indicates the existence of 11 candidate species, a five-fold in-crease relative to the current taxonomy. Four of the candidate species are described as new species and one is resurrected from a previous synonymy. The review is thoroughly illustrated with high-quality images. All multimedia elements (photographs and advertisement calls) are available at the FaunaWebEcuador web-site: http://zoologia.puce.edu.ec/Vertebrados/Vertebrata.aspx
Download or read book Biodiversity Biogeography and Nature Conservation in Wallacea and New Guinea written by Dmitry Telnov and published by The Entomological Society of Latvia. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology of Amphibian Microbial Symbioses written by Eria A. Rebollar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of amphibian microbial ecology has greatly advanced in recent years. The work published to date has shown that amphibian skin bacterial communities can be influenced by host species, host life-history stage, environmental conditions, surrounding bacterial communities that serve as reservoirs and external biotic agents such as pathogens. As the ecology of amphibian-microbial symbiosis is a relatively new field, there are still many unanswered questions. The aim of this Research Topic is to highlight recent research on amphibian microbiomes that addresses relevant questions on the ecology of amphibian-microbe interactions. The publications gathered in this Research Topic have expanded our knowledge on the role of microbial symbionts of amphibians and have revealed novel insights that can direct the next set of research questions. We suggest that soon the field will move from the basic (and necessary) descriptions of microbial communities to more experimental approaches that include the use of omics methods and a variety of novel analytic and multivariate approaches. In addition to providing more insights into the microbial and disease ecology of amphibians, these studies may lead to effective ways to manipulate the microbiome to achieve protection from diseases, such as chytridiomycosis.
Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of Two Poorly Known Honduran Treefrogs Hylidae Hylinae Hylini written by Wagner Chaves-Acuña and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isthmohyla insolita and Exerodonta catracha are Honduran hylids of uncertain phylogenetic relationships. In this paper we present a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes to study their relationships. Our results show that these species are, respectively, the sister taxon of and nested among the few available species of Plectrohyla, possibly the least studied genus of Hylini in terms of phylogenetic relationships. To solve the polyphyly of Exerodonta and Isthmohyla, both species are provisionally transferred to Plectrohyla, pending a broader phylogenetic study including all species in the genus. Consequently, Isthmohyla is restricted to a group of hylids endemic to the Isthmian highlands of Costa Rica and Panama in lower Central America. The inclusion of I. insolita in Plectrohyla implies another instance of independent evolution of terrestrial egg clutches in Hylini.
Download or read book Tadpoles written by Roy W. McDiarmid and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-11 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our own juvenile stage, many of us received our wide-eyed introduction to the wonders of nature by watching the metamorphosis of swimming tadpoles into leaping frogs and toads. The recent alarming declines in amphibian populations worldwide and the suitability of amphibians for use in answering research questions in disciplines as diverse as molecular systematics, animal behavior, and evolutionary biology have focused enormous attention on tadpoles. Despite this popular and scientific interest, relatively little is known about these fascinating creatures. In this indispensable reference, leading experts on tadpole biology relate what we currently know about tadpoles and what we might learn from them in the future. Tadpoles provides detailed summaries of tadpole morphology, development, behavior, ecology, and environmental physiology; explores the evolutionary consequences of the tadpole stage; synthesizes available information on their biodiversity; and presents a standardized terminology and an exhaustive literature review of tadpole biology.
Download or read book Integrative Taxonomy of Malagasy Treefrogs written by Frank Glaw and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parsimony Phylogeny and Genomics written by Victor A. Albert and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005-03-24 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents
Download or read book Threatened Amphibians of the World written by S. N. Stuart and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Amphibians are facing an extinction crisis, but getting to the facts has been difficult. "Threatened Amphibians of the World" is a visual journey through the first-ever comprehensive assessment of the conservation status of the world's 6,000 known species of frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians. All 1,900 species known to be threatened with extinction are covered, including a description of threats to each species and an evaluation of conservation measures in place or needed. Each entry includes a photograph or illustration of the species where available, a distribution map, and detailed information on range, population and habitat and ecology. Introductory chapters present a detailed analysis of the results, complemented by a series of short essays written by many of the world's leading herpetologists. Appendices include annoted lists of lower risk species and a country-by-country listing of threatened amphibians."--pub. desc.
Download or read book Lake Taihu China written by Boqiang Qin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-22 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2 In China, there are more than 2,759 lakes with surface area greater than 1km , and 2 the total lake area is 91,019km . One-third of these lakes are freshwater lakes, and the majority are situated in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River or in eastern China’s coastal areas. These lakes function as drinking water supplies, ood control systems, aquaculture and tourism resources, navigation channels, etc. Recently, many shallow lakes in China have been subject to rapid eutrophication and suffer from algal blooms. This issue has resulted in a shortage of drinking water and in degradation of their ecosystems. The control of eutrophication of shallow lakes is one of the main issues with which the local people and Chinese governments are concerned today. Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China, with an area of about 2 2338km and a mean depth of 1. 9m, a typical shallow lake located in the delta of Changjiang River, the most industrialized and urbanized area in China. Its main function is supplying drinking water for the surrounding cities, such as Wuxi, Suzhou, and Shanghai, but tourism, aquaculture, sheries, and navigation are imp- tant as well. However, with economic development and increased population in the lake basin, Lake Taihu has suffered increasingly from serious eutrophication. The environmental issue of Lake Taihu is now a very common one, as most lakes from eastern China are confronted with it.
Download or read book Molecular Systematics of Terraranas Anura Brachycephaloidea with an Assortment of the Effects of Alignment and Optimality Criteria written by José M. Padial and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brachycephaloidea is a monophyletic group of frogs with more than 1000 species distributed throughout the New World tropics, subtropics, and Andean regions. Recently, the group has been the target of multiple molecular phylogenetic analyses, resulting in extensive changes in its taxonomy. Here, we test previous hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships for the group by combining available molecular evidence (sequences of 22 genes representing 431 ingroup and 25 outgroup terminals) and performing a tree-alignment analysis under the parsimony optimality criterion using the program POY. To elucidate the effects of alignment and optimality criterion on phylogenetic inferences, we also used the program MAFFT to obtain a similarity-alignment for analysis under both parsimony and maximum likelihood using the programs TNT and GARLI, respectively. Although all three analytical approaches agreed on numerous points, there was also extensive disagreement. Treealignment under parsimony supported the monophyly of the ingroup and the sister group relationship of the monophyletic marsupial frogs (Hemiphractidae), while maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses of the MAFFT similarity-alignment did not. All three methods differed with respect to the position of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus (Ceuthomantidae), with tree-alignment using parsimony recovering this species as the sister of Pristimantis + Yunganastes. All analyses rejected the monophyly of Strabomantidae and Strabomantinae as originally defined, and the tree-alignment analysis under parsimony further rejected the recently redefined Craugastoridae and Pristimantinae. Despite the greater emphasis in the systematics literature placed on the choice of optimality criterion for evaluating trees than on the choice of method for aligning DNA sequences, we found that the topological differences attributable to the alignment method were as great as those caused by the optimality criterion. Further, the optimal tree-alignment indicates that insertions and deletions occurred in twice as many aligned positions as implied by the optimal similarity-alignment, confirming previous findings that sequence turnover through insertion and deletion events plays a greater role in molecular evolution than indicated by similarity-alignments. Our results also provide a clear empirical demonstration of the different effects of wildcard taxa produced by missing data in parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses. Specifically, maximum likelihood analyses consistently (81% bootstrap frequency) provided spurious resolution despite a lack of evidence, whereas parsimony correctly depicted the ambiguity due to missing data by collapsing unsupported nodes. We provide a new taxonomy for the group that retains previously recognized Linnaean taxa except for Ceuthomantidae, Strabomantidae, and Strabomantinae. A phenotypically diagnosable superfamily is recognized formally as Brachycephaloidea, with the informal, unranked name terrarana retained as the standard common name for these frogs. We recognize three families within Brachycephaloidea that are currently diagnosable solely on molecular grounds (Brachycephalidae, Craugastoridae, and Eleutherodactylidae), as well as five subfamilies (Craugastorinae, Eleutherodactylinae, Holoadeninae, Phyzelaphryninae, and Pristimantinae) corresponding in large part to previous families and subfamilies. Our analyses upheld the monophyly of all tested genera, but we found numerous subgeneric taxa to be non-monophyletic and modified the taxonomy accordingly.
Download or read book Cryptic Diversity Within the Megophrys Major Species Group Amphibia Megophryidae of the Asian Horned Frogs Phylogenetic Perspectives and a Taxonomic Revision of South Asian Taxa with Descriptions of Four New Species written by Stephen Mahoney and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Megophrys major species group (MMSG) is composed of typically medium to large sized frogs. Within the genus, it is the most geographically widespread clade ranging from the western Himalayas to southern Indochina. In this study, we examined in detail the extent of cryptic diversity within the MMSG-Indian populations based on molecular data (up to ten genes) using multigene concatenation and coalescent-based phylogenetic techniques, species delimitation analyses and extensive morphological data.Molecular evidence suggests a high level of hidden cryptic diversity within the MMSG, particularly within the M. major species complex (MMC), highlighting overlapping distributions, a case of potential mitochondrial transfer between two species, and tree topology discordance between phylogenetic methods and mitochondrial and nuclear data sets. Most analyses indicated distinct eastern and western clades in the MMC, and that the western clade may further divide into a northern and a southern subclade.A detailed taxonomic review of Indian members of the Megophrys major species group is provided. Previously undocumented complex nomenclatural issues involving known species are highlighted and resolved. Megophrys monticola is taxonomically redefined for the first time as a valid species since its synonymy with M. parva in 1893. The taxonomic status of two recently described species, Xenophrys katabhako and X. sanu are discussed in light of increased molecular and morphological sampling, and are synonymised with M. monticola. Megophrys monticola and M. robusta are redescribed based on their original type specimens and recently collected material. Megophrys major is neotypified and M. robusta lectotypified to remove prevailing nomenclatural instability. Four new large sized Indian MMC species are formally described from the Northeast Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya and Nagaland, and Myanmar. All South Asian MMSG species are morphologically diagnosed from known congeners in the group. The geographic distributions of all taxa discussed are significantly redefined based on the revised taxonomy and extensive literature review. Morphological and molecular evidence suggests that Megophrys major sensu stricto might be endemic to Northeast India; M. glandulosa is formally removed from the Indian and Bhutan species checklists. Numerous misidentifications in literature are highlighted and corrected. In order to reduce future misidentifications of species reported from surrounding regions, high definition images of the holotypes of three Chinese species, M. glandulosa, M. medogensis and M. zhangi are provided for the first time, and a detailed description of Myanmar specimens of M. glandulosa is also given. This study provides the principle foundation for further research into the taxonomic status of the remaining, currently undescribed MMC taxa from Southeast Asia. Keywords: Reptilia, nomenclature, molecular systematics, integrative taxonomy, morphology, conservation, natural history"--page 3.
Download or read book Contributions to the History of Herpetology written by Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles and published by Society for the Study of Amphibians & Reptiles. This book was released on 1989 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
